Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder with cutaneous involvement: A series of four cases.

Background: Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD) are lymphoid proliferations associated with post-transplant immunosuppression. Most originate from B cells and are associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. Although extranodal involvement is common, cutaneous presentation is rare.

Lenalidomide in the management of eosinophilic dermatosis of hematological malignancy.

Eosinophilic dermatosis of hematological malignancy is a paraneoplastic skin eruption associated with chronic lymphocytic leukemia and other B-cell malignancies. It clinically resembles an insect bite reaction and it can precede the symptoms of the hematological malignancy or be related to a more aggressive course. Different treatments have been proposed, but partial response and recurrence are frequent.

αEβ7 Expression Increases With the Extent of Cutaneous Involvement in Mycosis Fungoides.

Background: Cell adhesion molecules are essential to lymphocyte migration in neoplastic and inflammatory skin diseases. Our aim was to investigate possible differences in cell adhesion molecule expression between mycosis fungoides (MF) and inflammatory skin diseases (drug reactions and allergic contact dermatitis).

Methods: We selected 33 biopsies from patients with MF and 10 biopsies of patients with inflammatory skin diseases from Department of Pathology-Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) from January 1997 to December 2013.

CD57 expression and cytokine production by T cells in lesional and unaffected skin from patients with psoriasis.

Background: The immunopathogenic mechanisms leading to psoriasis remain unresolved. CD57 is a marker of replicative inability and immunosenescence on CD8+ T cells and the proportion of CD57 expressing CD8+ T cells is increased in a number of inflammatory conditions.

Methodology: We examined the expression of CD57 on T cells in the skin of patients affected with psoriasis, comparing lesional and unaffected skin.

Skewed distribution of natural killer cells in psoriasis skin lesions.

Psoriasis is a hyper-proliferative disease of the skin in which immunological mechanisms play a direct pathogenetic role. There have been limited studies of natural killer (NK) cells in psoriasis. The aim of this study was to examine the phenotype of NK cells in skin biopsies and peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with psoriasis and healthy controls.

Protective effect of human endogenous retrovirus K dUTPase variants on psoriasis susceptibility.

Previous genetic and functional studies have implicated the human endogenous retrovirus K (HERV-K) dUTPase located within the PSORS1 locus in the major histocompatibility complex region as a candidate psoriasis gene. Here, we describe a variant discovery and case-control association study of HERV-K dUTPase variants in 708 psoriasis cases and 349 healthy controls. Five common HERV-K dUTPase variants were found to be highly associated with psoriasis, with the strongest association occurring at the missense single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs3134774 (K158R, P=3.

Expansion of CD8+ T cells lacking Sema4D/CD100 during HIV-1 infection identifies a subset of T cells with decreased functional capacity.

Sema4D, also known as CD100, is a constitutively expressed immune semaphorin on T cells and NK cells. CD100 has important immune regulatory functions that improve antigen-specific priming by antigen-presenting cells, and can also act as a costimulatory molecule on T cells. We investigated the consequence of HIV-1 infection on CD100 expression by T cells, and whether CD100 expression signifies functionally competent effector cells.

High human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) prevalence, clinical correlates and high incidence among recently HIV-1-infected subjects in Sao Paulo, Brazil.

Background: Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) is the etiological agent for Kaposi Sarcoma, which occurs especially in HIV-infected subjects. HHV-8 infection and its clinical correlates have not been well characterized in recently HIV-1-infected subjects, especially men who have sex with men (MSM).

Methodology/ Principal Findings: We assessed the HHV-8 seroprevalence, clinical correlates, and incidence after one year of follow-up in a cohort of 228 recently HIV-1-infected individuals, of whom 83.

Paraneoplastic pemphigus associated with non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

We report a case of a 55-year-old man who, after a 6-month history of enlargement of cervical lymph nodes, presented with multiple painful ulcerations of the oral mucosa and lips and multiple skin erosions on the trunk, back, extremities, and genitals. A lymph node biopsy was performed and revealed diffuse peripheral B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Skin biopsy revealed an acantholytic blister in the epidermis.

Leprosy reversal reaction as immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in patients with AIDS.

We report 2 instances in which reactional borderline leprosy manifested itself as an immune reconstitution phenomenon in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. We discuss the clinical, laboratory-based, histopathologic, and immunohistochemical characteristics of both patients. Furthermore, we review similar reports from the literature.