Results Of Minimally Invasive Vats Thymectomy In Miastenia Gravis Patients Compared With More Invasive Approaches - 10-Year Experience In A Single Center.

Introduction: Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune, neurologic disease that causes a wide range of symptoms. While the transsternal, transcervical and thoracotomy approaches are accepted as effective, there is still debate regarding the VATS approach.

Materials And Methods: We analyzed our center's surgical experience with thymectomy for myasthenia gravis, comparing the results of patients operated on using VATS and more invasive approaches, over a period of 10 years.

Characteristics and patient-reported outcomes of long-term lung cancer survivors.

Background: Due to advances in screening and treatment of lung cancer, there has been increased interest in long-term lung cancer survivors (LTLCS). The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of LTLCS, their characteristics and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) of LTLCS.

Methods: Cross-sectional study that included patients diagnosed with primary lung cancer between Jan 2012 and Dec 2016 whose overall survival (OS) was greater than 5 years.

Innovative 3d-Printed Prosthesis In A Rare Case Of A Huge Mass Of Anterior Thoracic Wall - Low Grade Fibromyxoid Sarcoma (Lgfms).

The need for complete resection of chest wall tumors creates a huge challenge in terms of reconstructing the complex dynamics of the thorax. We are reporting a case of a low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma (LGFMS) diagnosed in a young male, where the complete resection of the mass, sternum and parcially the pericardium was performed. Subsequently, a composite porous high-density polyethylene StarPore® prosthesis of the sternum and costal arches was used and the latissimus dorsi muscle free flap with skin graft was implanted over the sternum.

An Unusual Location for a Lymph Node.

We report a case of a 67-years old non-smoking female diagnosed with hypertension when 24-years-old and complicated with chronic kidney and hypertensive heart diseases. On CT-Chest an incidental discovery of a lesion (16x14x23mm) adjacent to the abdominal aorta was made. Initially suspected to be paraganglioma, a hypothesis which the subsequent MRI did not exclude.

Dexmedetomidine compared to low-dose ketamine better protected not only the brain but also the lungs in acute ischemic stroke.

Background: Dexmedetomidine (DEX) and low-dose ketamine (KET) present neuroprotective effects in acute ischemic stroke (AIS); however, to date, no studies have evaluated which has better protective effects not only on the brain but also lungs in AIS.

Methods: AIS-induced Wistar rats (390 ± 30 g) were randomized after 24-h, receiving dexmedetomidine (STROKE-DEX, n = 10) or low-dose S(+)-ketamine (STROKE-KET, n = 10). After 1-h protective ventilation, perilesional brain tissue and lungs were removed for histologic and molecular biology analysis.

Clinical Approaches to Nestorone Subdermal Implant Therapy in Women's Health.

Segesterone acetate (SA) or Nestorone, a fourth-generation progestogen, is a synthetic compound with high progestational activity and no androgenic, glucocorticoid, or anabolic effects. However, due to its oral inactivity, SA must be used by other routes, such as subcutaneous. Thus, considering its peculiar properties, the SA subdermal implant is successfully used in female contraception and postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy (HRT).

Extracellular Vesicles from Different Sources of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Have Distinct Effects on Lung and Distal Organs in Experimental Sepsis.

The effects of the administration of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) may vary according to the source. We hypothesized that MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) obtained from bone marrow (BM), adipose (AD), or lung (L) tissues may also lead to different effects in sepsis. We profiled the proteome from EVs as a first step toward understanding their mechanisms of action.

Juvenile morphology of the ornamental crab Mithraculus forceps A. Milne-Edwards, 1875 (Crustacea, Brachyura).

The morphology of juveniles of Mithraculus forceps A. Milne-Edwards, 1875, raised in the laboratory, is described. The larvae were obtained from ovigerous females collected in the wild, maintained in the rearing system for culture of crabs (400 L).

Development of nintedanib nanosuspension for inhaled treatment of experimental silicosis.

Silicosis is an irreversible and progressive fibrotic lung disease caused by massive inhalation of crystalline silica dust at workplaces, affecting millions of industrial workers worldwide. A tyrosine kinase inhibitor, nintedanib (NTB), has emerged as a potential silicosis treatment due to its inhibitory effects on key signaling pathways that promote silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis. However, chronic and frequent use of the oral NTB formulation clinically approved for treating other fibrotic lung diseases often results in significant side effects.

Incidental giant thymoma-a reminder of the importance of a global look of the imaging scans.

A 49-year-old female patient, without previous medical history, underwent a thoracic CT due to SARS-CoV2 infection. This exam revealed a heterogeneous mass in the anterior mediastinum with 11 × 8.8 cm in close contact with main thoracic vessels and pericardium.

Male reproductive system of the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium brasiliense (Decapoda: Palaemonidae): Notes on spermatophore formation and sperm count.

Studies on the morphology of the reproductive system are essential for understanding the reproduction processes of species or even within genera or families. The present study aimed to describe the functional morphology of the male reproductive system, spermatophore formation, and sperm count of Macrobrachium brasiliense. The anatomy of the reproductive system consists of a pair of testes from which the vasa deferentia (VD) starts, extending to the fifth pair of pereopods.

Mild hypothermia combined with dexmedetomidine reduced brain, lung, and kidney damage in experimental acute focal ischemic stroke.

Background: Sedatives and mild hypothermia alone may yield neuroprotective effects in acute ischemic stroke (AIS). However, the impact of this combination is still under investigation. We compared the effects of the combination of mild hypothermia or normothermia with propofol or dexmedetomidine on brain, lung, and kidney in experimental AIS.

Ontogenetic niche specialization of the spider crab associated with the medusa .

Symbiotic relationships in marine environments are not fixed and can change throughout the animal's life. This study investigated the ontogeny of symbiosis of the spider crab with the host medusa . We described the type of relationship, the temporal correlation among species, and food habits.

Effects of different fluid management on lung and kidney during pressure-controlled and pressure-support ventilation in experimental acute lung injury.

Optimal fluid management is critical during mechanical ventilation to mitigate lung damage. Under normovolemia and protective ventilation, pulmonary tensile stress during pressure-support ventilation (PSV) results in comparable lung protection to compressive stress during pressure-controlled ventilation (PCV) in experimental acute lung injury (ALI). It is not yet known whether tensile stress can lead to comparable protection to compressive stress in ALI under a liberal fluid strategy (LF).

LYMPH NODE UPSTAGING AFTER SURGERY IN PATIENTS WITH NEGATIVE MEDIASTINAL STAGING BY EBUS.

Introduction: Mediastinal staging is a hot topic in thoracic oncology. According to the guidelines, and besides other criteria, in the presence of a primary lung cancer with increased mediastinal lymph node uptake on PET-CT, a negative result after lymph node sampling by Endobronchial Ultrasound (EBUS) is not enough to rule out mediastinal lymph node involve- ment, demanding a cervical mediastinoscopy to vouch for the results.

Methods And Objectives: In order to study the percentage of lymph node surgical upstaging in patients with neg- ative mediastinal node staging by EBUS and evaluate the role of mediastinoscopy in these patients, we conducted a search in our department's database using the key-word EBUS in the period concerned between January 2014 and August 2020.

LUNG RESECTION FOR NON-SMALL-CELL LUNG CANCER - A NEW RISK SCORE TO PREDICT MAJOR PERIOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS.

Objectives: Identify risk factors for major perioperative complications (MPC) after anatomical lung resection for NonSmall-Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) and establish a scoring system.

Methods: Single center retrospective study of all consecutive patients diagnosed with NSCLC submitted to anatomical lung resection from 2015 to 2019 (N=564).

Exclusion Criteria: previous lung surgery, concomitant non-lung cancer related procedures, urgency surgery.

POSTOPERATIVE ATRIAL FIBRILLATION - VIDEO-ASSISTED THORACOSCOPIC SURGERY VERSUS OPEN SURGERY.

Objectives: Compare the incidence of Postoperative atrial fibrillation (PAF) after anatomical lung resection for Non- Small-Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) following open surgery versus VATS.

Methods: Single center retrospective study of all consecutive patients diagnosed with NSCLC submitted to anatomical lung resection from 2015 to 2019 (N=564).

Exclusion Criteria: prior atrial fibrillation, previous lung surgery, concomitant procedures, pneumectomy, non-pulmonary resections, urgency surgery.

Effects of time-controlled adaptive ventilation on cardiorespiratory parameters and inflammatory response in experimental emphysema.

The time-controlled adaptive ventilation (TCAV) method attenuates lung damage in acute respiratory distress syndrome. However, so far, no study has evaluated the impact of the TCAV method on ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) and cardiac function in emphysema. We hypothesized that the use of the TCAV method to achieve an expiratory flow termination/expiratory peak flow (E/E) of 25% could reduce VILI and improve right ventricular function in elastase-induced lung emphysema in rats.

Comparative effects of dexmedetomidine and propofol on brain and lung damage in experimental acute ischemic stroke.

Acute ischemic stroke is associated with pulmonary complications, and often dexmedetomidine and propofol are used to decrease cerebral metabolic rate. However, it is unknown the immunomodulatory actions of dexmedetomidine and propofol on brain and lungs during acute ischemic stroke. The effects of dexmedetomidine and propofol were compared on perilesional brain tissue and lung damage after acute ischemic stroke in rats.

Effects of propofol and its formulation components on macrophages and neutrophils in obese and lean animals.

We hypothesized whether propofol or active propofol component (2,6-diisopropylphenol [DIPPH] and lipid excipient [LIP-EXC]) separately may alter inflammatory mediators expressed by macrophages and neutrophils in lean and obese rats. Male Wistar rats (n = 10) were randomly assigned to receive a standard (lean) or obesity-inducing diet (obese) for 12 weeks. Animals were euthanized, and alveolar macrophages and neutrophils from lean and obese animals were exposed to propofol (50 µM), active propofol component (50 µM, 2,6-DIPPH), and lipid excipient (soybean oil, purified egg phospholipid, and glycerol) for 1 h.

Impact of different frequencies of controlled breath and pressure-support levels during biphasic positive airway pressure ventilation on the lung and diaphragm in experimental mild acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Background: We hypothesized that a decrease in frequency of controlled breaths during biphasic positive airway pressure (BIVENT), associated with an increase in spontaneous breaths, whether pressure support (PSV)-assisted or not, would mitigate lung and diaphragm damage in mild experimental acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

Materials And Methods: Wistar rats received Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide intratracheally. After 24 hours, animals were randomly assigned to: 1) BIVENT-100+PSV0%: airway pressure (Phigh) adjusted to VT = 6 mL/kg and frequency of controlled breaths (f) = 100 bpm; 2) BIVENT-50+PSV0%: Phigh adjusted to VT = 6 mL/kg and f = 50 bpm; 3) BIVENT-50+PSV50% (PSV set to half the Phigh reference value, i.

The impact of fluid status and decremental PEEP strategy on cardiac function and lung and kidney damage in mild-moderate experimental acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Background: We evaluated the effects of abrupt versus gradual PEEP decrease, combined with standard versus high-volume fluid administration, on cardiac function, as well as lung and kidney damage in an established model of mild-moderate acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

Methods: Wistar rats received endotoxin intratracheally. After 24 h, they were treated with Ringer's lactate at standard (10 mL/kg/h) or high (30 mL/kg/h) dose.

Mesenchymal Stromal Cells From Emphysematous Donors and Their Extracellular Vesicles Are Unable to Reverse Cardiorespiratory Dysfunction in Experimental Severe Emphysema.

Although bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) from patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) appear to be phenotypically and functionally similar to BM-MSCs from healthy sources , the impact of COPD on MSC metabolism and mitochondrial function has not been evaluated. In this study, we aimed to comparatively characterize MSCs from healthy and emphysematous donors (H-MSCs and E-MSCs) and to assess the therapeutic potential of these MSCs and their extracellular vesicles (H-EVs and E-EVs) in an model of severe emphysema. For this purpose, C57BL/6 mice received intratracheal porcine pancreatic elastase once weekly for 4 weeks to induce emphysema; control animals received saline under the same protocol.