Cisplatin Toxicity Causes Neutrophil-Mediated Inflammation in Zebrafish Larvae.

Cisplatin is an antineoplastic agent used to treat various tumors. In mammals, it can cause nephrotoxicity, tissue damage, and inflammation. The release of inflammatory mediators leads to the recruitment and infiltration of immune cells, particularly neutrophils, at the site of inflammation.

Different wild type strains of zebrafish show divergent susceptibility to TNBS-induced intestinal inflammation displaying distinct immune cell profiles.

Little is known about the diversity in immune profile of the different wild type strains of zebrafish (), despite its growing popularity as an animal model to study human diseases and drug testing. In the case of data resulting from modeling human diseases, differences in the background Danio fishes have rarely been taken into consideration when interpreting results and this is potentially problematic, as many studies not even mention the source and strain of the animals. In this study, we hypothesized that different wild type zebrafish strains could present distinct immune traits.

Mitochondrial connections with immune system in Zebrafish.

Mitochondria are organelles commonly associated with adenosine triphosphate (ATP) formation through the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) process. However, mitochondria are also responsible for functions such as calcium homeostasis, apoptosis, autophagy, and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that, in conjunction, can lead to different cell fate decisions. Mitochondrial morphology changes rely on nutrients' availability and the bioenergetics demands of the cells, in a process known as mitochondrial dynamics, which includes both fusion and fission.

Acute Kidney Injury Model Induced by Cisplatin in Adult Zebrafish.

Cisplatin is commonly used as chemotherapy. Although it has positive effects in cancer-treated individuals, cisplatin can easily accumulate in the kidney due to its low molecular weight. Such accumulation causes the death of tubular cells and can induce the development of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is characterized by a quick decrease in kidney function, tissue damage, and immune cells infiltration.

Metabolic Alterations in SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Its Implication in Kidney Dysfunction.

Clinical strategies focusing on pathogen elimination are expected in an infectious-disease outbreak, such as the severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), to avoid organ dysfunction. However, understanding the host response to viral infection is crucial to develop an effective treatment to optimize the patient's conditions. The pathogenic viruses can promote metabolic changes during viral infection, favoring its survival, altering cell phenotype and function, and causing sustained inflammation and tissue injury.

Distinct macrophage phenotypes and redox environment during the fin fold regenerative process in zebrafish.

In contrast to mammals, zebrafish (Danio rerio) has the ability to regenerate injured sites such as different tissues present in the fin. It is known that cells of the innate immune system play essential roles in regeneration; however, some aspects of the molecular mechanisms by which these cells orchestrate regeneration remain unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the infiltration dynamics of neutrophils and macrophages in the regenerative process of fin fold in regard to the influence of the redox environment and oxidative pathways.