High levels of reactive oxygen species in pancreatic necrotic fluid of patients with walled-off pancreatic necrosis.

Introduction: Walled-off pancreatic necrosis (WOPN) is a life-threatening, late complication of acute pancreatitis, in which a fluid collection containing necrotic material is formed. Infection of the fluid collection significantly increases the mortality of patients with WOPN.

Aim: To examine the levels of oxidative stress markers in the pancreatic necrotic fluid (PNF) and serum of patients with sterile and infected WOPN.

Endoscopic necrosectomy under fluoroscopic guidance during transmural drainage of walled-off pancreatic necrosis (WOPN).

Introduction: The endoscopic treatment of walled-off pancreatic necrosis (WOPN) as well as other minimally invasive methods have been evolving since last years.

Aim: The aim of this study is evaluation of efficiency and safety of endoscopic necrosectomy under fluoroscopy done during the transmural drainage in patients with symptomatic WOPN.

Material And Methods: The retrospective analysis 114 consecutive patients with symptomatic WOPN were treated endoscopically in our medical center between 2011 and 2016.

Various Endoscopic Techniques for Treatment of Consequences of Acute Necrotizing Pancreatitis: Practical Updates for the Endoscopist.

Despite great progress in acute pancreatitis (AP) treatment over the last 30 years, treatment of the consequences of acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP) remains controversial. While numerous reports on minimally invasive treatment of the consequences of ANP have been published, several aspects of interventional treatment, particularly endoscopy, are still unclear. In this article, we attempt to discuss these aspects and summarize the current knowledge on endoscopic therapy for pancreatic necrosis.

Spontaneous regression of asymptomatic walled-off pancreatic necrosis.

Introduction: Asymptomatic walled-off pancreatic necrosis (WOPN) should be treated conservatively, irrespective of the extent and size of the necrosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a strategy involving the observation of patients with asymptomatic WOPN over a long period of time.

Material And Methods: This study involved the retrospective analysis of 368 patients hospitalized in our department between 2010 and 2016, due to acute pancreatitis and its consequences in the form of pancreatic and peripancreatic fluid collection.

Single transluminal gateway transcystic multiple drainage for extensive walled-off pancreatic necrosis - a single-centre experience.

Introduction: In last three decades we have observed development in minimally invasive techniques in the treatment of walled-off pancreatic necrosis (WOPN). Endoscopic treatment of the consequences of acute necrotising pancreatitis is a accepted and common minimally invasive method.

Aim: Evaluation of the efficiency and safety of the innovative endoscopic treatment method (single transluminal gateway transcystic multiple drainage - SGTMD) in patients with extensive walled-off pancreatic necrosis.

Endoscopic drainage combined with percutaneous drainage in treatment of walled-off pancreatic necrosis - a single-center experience.

Introduction: In last three decades we have been observing development of minimally invasive walled-off pancreatic necrosis (WOPN) treatment techniques. The choice of access to the necrosis and technique of treatment depends not only on the position and spread of necrosis, but in the first place on the experience of the medical center.

Aim: To assess the effectiveness and safety of combined endoscopic and percutaneous drainage of WOPN.

The role of endoscopic treatment of pancreatic duct disruption in patients with walled-off pancreatic necrosis.

Background: The place of endoscopic techniques in the treatment of main pancreatic duct (MPD) disruption arising in the course of acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP) remains unclear. The aim of this study was to describe the findings of endoscopic retrograde pancreatography (ERP) in patients with walled-off necrosis (WON). It was attempted to evaluate the role of endoscopic treatment of pancreatic duct disruption in patients with WON.

The Development of Endoscopic Techniques for Treatment of Walled-Off Pancreatic Necrosis: A Single-Center Experience.

Background: Endotherapy is a common method of treatment in patients with symptomatic walled-off pancreatic necrosis (WOPN). The aim of this study is to indicate the potential therapeutic possibilities created by the combination of several new endoscopic techniques and the evaluation of their efficacy in the treatment of WOPN.

Methods: The retrospective analysis of results and complications in the group of 101 patients, who underwent endoscopic treatment of symptomatic WOPN between years 2011 and 2015.

Endoscopic treatment of extensive walled-off pancreatic necrosis with the use of single transluminal gateway transcystic multiple drainage (SGTMD).

The paper presents a description of the course of severe acute necrotizing pancreatitis as well as endoscopic treatment of an extensive infected walled-off pancreatic necrosis (WOPN), being the consequence of acute pancreatitis. The basic strategy of interventional treatment was to extend access to necrotic areas with use of single transluminal gateway transcystic multiple drainage (SGTMD). Endoscopic transmural access (transgastric) was applied.

Endoscopic treatment of walled-off pancreatic necrosis complicated with pancreaticocolonic fistula.

Background: Pancreaticocolonic fistulas (PCFs) are serious complication of acute pancreatitis related with high mortality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency and safety of endoscopic treatment in patients with walled-off pancreatic necrosis (WOPN) complicated with PCF.

Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of results and complications in the group of 226 patients, who underwent endoscopic treatment of symptomatic WOPN between years 2001 and 2016 in the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology of Medical University of Gdańsk.

Endoscopic treatment of multilocular walled-off pancreatic necrosis with the multiple transluminal gateway technique.

The development of minimally invasive techniques allowed access to the necrotic cavity through transperitoneal, retroperitoneal, transmural and transpapillary routes. The choice of access to walled-off pancreatic necrosis (WOPN) should depend not only on the spread of necrosis, but also on the experience of the clinical center. Herein we describe treatment of a patient with multilocular symptomatic walled-off pancreatic necrosis using minimally invasive techniques.

Endoscopic treatment of intraductal pancreatic stent fragmentation.

Background And Aim: Complications of endoscopic treatment are reported more and more often as a result of popularization of pancreatic endotherapy. Our study presents the results of treatment in patients with intraductal pancreatic stent fragmentation diagnosed during endotherapy of chronic pancreatitis.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of 2496 endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography procedures which were carried out in 607 patients at the Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Unit of the University Clinical Center in Gdansk.

The role of transpapillary drainage in management of patients with pancreatic fluid collections and pancreatic duct disruption as a consequences of severe acute pancreatitis.

In last thirty years we have been observing significant development of an endoscopic treatment of pancreatic fluid collections, including transmural drainage of walled-off pancreatic necrosis. Simultaneously, the use of endotherapy in treatment of main pancreatic ducts disruptions has increased. Despite many publications available in current literature, concerning the endoscopic treatment of consequences of acute necrotizing pancreatitis, the role of transpapillary drainage in management of patients with pancreatic fluid collections and pancreatic duct disruption as an after-effect of severe acute pancreatitis remains unclear and is still a current problem.

Transpapillary drainage of walled-off pancreatic necrosis - a single center experience.

Introduction: Walled-off pancreatic necrosis (WOPN) often coexists with disruption of the main pancreatic duct that manifests as a leak of contrast medium into the necrotic collection during endoscopic retrograde pancreatography.

Aim: To assess the efficacy and safety of treatment of patients with symptomatic WOPN and disruption of the main pancreatic duct, who underwent endoscopic transpapillary drainage as the only access to the necrosis cavity.

Material And Methods: In 22 patients with symptomatic WOPN, active endoscopic transpapillary drainage was performed.

Transpapillary drainage of pancreatic parenchymal necrosis.

In the last two decades the strategy of treatment of necrotizing pancreatitis has changed. Endoscopic therapy of patients with symptomatic walled-off pancreatic necrosis has a high rate of efficiency. Here we present a description of a patient with parenchymal limited necrosis of the pancreas and a disruption of the main pancreatic duct.