Effects of periodate and chondroitin 4-sulfate on proteoglycan stabilization of ostrich pericardium. Inhibition of calcification in subcutaneous implants in rats.

Chemical modification of biological materials used in the manufacture of cardiac valves tends to reduce the relatively high degree of biodegradation and calcification of the implanted bioprostheses. The most widely used treatment to reduce biodegradability of the valves is glutaraldehyde fixation. However, this treatment is potentially toxic and induces tissue calcification.