Efficacy and Safety of Once-Weekly Dulaglutide Versus Insulin Glargine in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes on Metformin and Glimepiride (AWARD-2).

Objective: This study compared the efficacy and safety of once-weekly dulaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, with daily insulin glargine, both combined with maximally tolerated doses of metformin and glimepiride in patients with type 2 diabetes. The primary objective was noninferiority of dulaglutide 1.5 mg to glargine in the HbA1c change from baseline at 52 weeks.

Predictors of achieving HbA(1c) <7% and no hypoglycaemia 6 months after initiation of biphasic insulin aspart 30 in patients with type 2 diabetes in the IMPROVE study.

Background: Early initiation of insulin therapy has widely been associated with numerous benefits, including improved glycaemic control and reduced long-term risk of developing microvascular diseases. Biphasic insulins offer a convenient option for insulin initiation, addressing both basal and postprandial insulin requirements with one injection, making them relatively simple for patients to dose. Development of biphasic insulin aspart (BIAsp) has further offered improved postprandial glycaemic control and lower rates of nocturnal and major hypoglycaemia than biphasic human insulin.

Predictors of postprandial blood glucose response to biphasic insulin analogue therapy.

Biphasic insulin aspart 30 (BIAsp 30) has been shown in randomised controlled trials and the IMPROVE™ observational study to reduce postprandial blood glucose (PPBG) - thought to be an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. We used multivariate regression analysis to identify predictors of PPBG reduction in the IMPROVE™ study. A total of 52,419 type 2 diabetes patients were enrolled in the IMPROVE™ study (pre-study therapy subgroups: no pharmaceutical therapy, n = 8966; oral antidiabetic drugs [OADs] only, n = 33,797; insulin ± OADs, n = 9568; missing information on pre-study therapy, n = 88).

Clinical Outcomes After Insulin Initiation in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: 24-Month Results from INSTIGATE.

Introduction: To examine changes in insulin regimens and glycemic control during the 24 months after initiation of insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Methods: Data were collected over a 24-month period from patients requiring insulin initiation as part of usual care, in a prospective, observational study. Changes in insulin regimens and hemoglobin A(1c) (HbA(1c)) were examined within countries (Germany, Greece, Spain) and overall.

Fear, guilt feelings and misconceptions: barriers to effective insulin treatment in type 2 diabetes.

Diabetes self management education, the process of teaching individuals to manage their diabetes, has been considered the cornerstone of the clinical management of individuals with diabetes since the work of the Joslin Diabetes Center. The goals of self-management education are to optimize metabolic control, prevent acute and chronic complications, and optimize quality of life. The keystone to successful management is to involve the patient in his treatment.

Clinical outcomes after insulin initiation in patients with type 2 diabetes: 6-month data from the INSTIGATE observational study in five European countries.

Objectives: To examine insulin regimens and factors that affect glycaemic control at 6 months after initiation of insulin therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Research Design And Methods: Information on patients requiring insulin initiation as part of usual care was collected in a prospective, observational, open-label study in five European countries. Univariate and multiple regression analyses were used to investigate factors associated with HbA1c achieved at 6 months.

Improved glycaemic control with BIAsp 30 in insulin-naïve type 2 diabetes patients inadequately controlled on oral antidiabetics: subgroup analysis from the IMPROVE study.

Objective: The aim of this subanalysis of the IMPROVE study was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of initiating biphasic insulin aspart 30/70 (BIAsp 30) in type 2 diabetes patients uncontrolled on oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs).

Methods: IMPROVE is a 26-week, open-label, non-randomised, international observational study in type 2 diabetes patients prescribed BIAsp 30 in routine clinical practice. The total cohort comprised 52 419 patients from various pre-study therapies.

Characteristics of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus initiating insulin therapy: baseline data from the INSTIGATE study.

Objective: To describe the characteristics at baseline of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who are initiating insulin.

Methods: Prospective, observational multi-centre, open-label study in five European countries of patients with type 2 diabetes who were initiating insulin as part of their usual care.

Results: A total of 1172 patients were enrolled, with mean age 63.