Challenges to the provision of diabetes care in first nations communities: results from a national survey of healthcare providers in Canada.

Background: Aboriginal peoples globally, and First Nations peoples in Canada particularly, suffer from high rates of type 2 diabetes and related complications compared with the general population. Research into the unique barriers faced by healthcare providers working in on-reserve First Nations communities is essential for developing effective quality improvement strategies.

Methods: In Phase I of this two-phased study, semi-structured interviews and focus groups were held with 24 healthcare providers in the Sioux Lookout Zone in north-western Ontario.

Major gaps in diabetes clinical care among Canada's First Nations: results of the CIRCLE study.

Aims: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to document the clinical management of type 2 diabetes and related complications in Canada's First Nations.

Methods: Patients were randomly selected from 19 communities. Data from charts from consenting patients were collected.

Lessons learned in using community-based participatory research to build a national diabetes collaborative in Canada.

Background: Using community-based participatory research (CBPR) principles, the Canadian First Nations Diabetes Clinical Management Epidemiologic (CIRCLE) study documents the current clinical management of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and complications in 19 partnering First Nations (FN) communities.

Objectives: To outline the lessons learned in developing and fostering community health partnerships, and demonstrate the feasibility of using CBPR in multisite research at a national level.

Methods: Investigators developed investigator-FN community partnerships from seven Canadian provinces, and research assistants were hired from each community to facilitate data collection.

Global complication rates of type 2 diabetes in Indigenous peoples: A comprehensive review.

Introduction And Objective: The world's Indigenous peoples are experiencing an unprecedented epidemic of type 2 diabetes [T2DM] but little has been published describing the complications burden. The objective of this paper was to conduct a systematic review of T2DM complications in Indigenous populations worldwide.

Methods: A literature review was conducted using PubMed and EMBASE to examine available complications data.

Testing for episodic-like memory in rats in the absence of time of day cues: replication of Babb and Crystal.

Two experiments were performed to look for evidence of episodic-like memory in rats. On each of a series of trials on an eight-arm radial maze, rats in two groups entered four open arms in Phase 1, with reward pellets on three arms and a favored reward (chocolate in Experiment 1 and cheese in Experiment 2) on the remaining arm. Phase 2 retention tests were given 30 min or 4 h after Phase 1, with all eight arms open.

Anticipation of future events in squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus) and rats (Rattus norvegicus): tests of the Bischof-Kohler hypothesis.

The Bischof-Kohler hypothesis holds that nonhuman animals cannot anticipate a future event and take appropriate action when that event involves satisfaction of a need not currently experienced. Tests of the Bischof-Kohler hypothesis were performed with squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus) and rats (Rattus norvegicus). In experimental trials with both species, a nonthirsty animal had its water bottle removed and then chose between a smaller and larger quantity of food.

Can squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus) plan for the future? Studies of temporal myopia in food choice.

In seven experiments, 2 squirrel monkeys were given choices between arrays of food that varied in the quantity offered. In Experiments 1-5, the monkeys were offered choices between quantities of the same food that varied in a 2:1 ratio. The squirrel monkeys failed to show the temporal myopia effect or a decrease in preference for the larger quantity as the absolute number of food items offered increased.