Early Warning for the Electrolyzer: Monitoring CO Reduction via In-Line Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy.

The electrochemical CO reduction reaction (CO RR) to fuels and feedstocks presents an opportunity to decarbonize the chemical industry, and current electrolyzer performance levels approach commercial viability. However, stability remains below that required, in part because of the challenge of probing these electrolyzer systems in real time and the challenge of determining the root cause of failure. Failure can result from initial conditions (e.