Disease Risk Score Derivation and Validation in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Cardiovascular disease risk assessment is a key tool in primary prevention. The ADRS (Abu Dhabi Risk Study) is a retrospective cohort study aiming to develop 10-year risk prediction equations for coronary artery disease (CAD), stroke, and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), and validate international risk equations.

Methods And Results: The 8699 participants were examined in the Abu Dhabi cardiovascular screening program from 2011 to 2013 with a subsequent average follow-up of 9.

Use of Cardiovascular Disease Secondary Prevention Medications in Four Middle East Countries in a Community Setting.

Background: Evidence-based International clinical practice guidelines, universally recommend secondary prevention medications for those with previous cardiovascular disease (CVD). There is limited data on the community use of these medications in the Middle East (ME).

Objectives: This study assesses the use and predictors of evidence based secondary prevention medications in individuals with a history of CVD [coronary heart disease (CHD) or stroke].

Parenting children with autism spectrum disorder in the United Arab Emirates: Exploring perceptions towards using the picture exchange communication system to enhance the development of children with autism spectrum disorder.

Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is an interplay between biological, social and environmental factors that impact the development of individuals. However, core characteristics are social, communication and behaviour challenges that restrict children's participation in society. Consequently, there are discussions regarding the need for society to develop interventions that are geared towards promoting the participation of children with ASD in societies.

Cellular Respiration in Thymic Fragments from Mice.

Background: This report aims to detail the use of the phosphorescence oxygen analyzer for investigation of thymic responses to pharmaceutical agents, in particular immunosuppressants and immunomodulators. Sirolimus (a highly specific inhibitor of the 'molecular target of rapamycin', mTOR) and ozanimod (an agonist of the sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor, recently approved for treatment of multiple sclerosis and ulcerative colitis) are used for this purpose.

Methods: Thymic fragments from mice were placed in glass vials containing phosphate-buffered saline, bovine albumin, and Pd(II) meso-tetra (sulfophenyl) tetrabenzoporphyrin.

Comparative Study of the Perspectives on the Impact of a Culturally Responsive Picture Exchange Communication System for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder in the United Arab Emirates.

Background: The Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) is a widely accepted way to develop the communication skills of children with developmental disabilities such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, the efficacy of PECS has been largely studied in Western societies and little research is available regarding its role in the development of children with ASD in a non-Western cultural context. The purpose of this study was to compare the parent and the practitioner perceptions of the use of PECS for children with ASD in the United Arab Emirates.

Risk Factors for SARS-CoV-2 Infection Severity in Abu Dhabi.

Background: Prediction models are essential for informing screening, assessing prognosis, and examining options for treatment. This study aimed to assess the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection severity in the Abu Dhabi population.

Methods: This is a mixed retrospective cohort study and case-control study to explore the associated factors of receiving treatment in the community, being hospitalized, or requiring complex hospital care among patients with a diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2.

Child maltreatment and neglect in the United Arab Emirates and relationship with low self-esteem and symptoms of depression.

Objectives: To our knowledge, this study is the first in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) to investigate the prevalence of child maltreatment in relation to depressive symptoms and self-esteem.

Study Design: Exposure to physical maltreatment, emotional abuse and neglect was evaluated in 518 adolescents (86% response rate) randomly selected from schools in Al Ain in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi. The Rosenberg self-esteem scale and the Beck Depression Inventory were used to measure self-esteem and depressive symptoms by using multivariate logistic regression analyses.

Bioenergetics of the spinal cord in experimental autoimmune encephalitis of rats.

Background: Mitochondrial dysregulation is important in axonal damage and demyelination in multiple sclerosis (MS) and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). There is however, no evidence in the literature of any study that has examined cellular bioenergetics of the central nervous system (CNS) during the early development and clinical course of EAE. EAE, a rodent model of relapsing/remitting MS, is a CD4(+) T cell-mediated disease of the CNS.

The cytotoxicity of aflatoxin b1 in human lymphocytes.

Objectives: Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a naturally occurring carcinogenic and immunosuppressive compound. This study was designed to measure its toxic effects on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC).

Methods: The study recruited 7 healthy volunteers.

Derangements of liver tissue bioenergetics in concanavalin A-induced hepatitis.

Background: A novel in vitro system was employed to investigate liver tissue respiration (mitochondrial O2 consumption) in mice treated with concanavalin A (Con A). This study aimed to investigate hepatocyte bioenergetics in this well-studied hepatitis model.

Methods: C57Bl/6 and C57Bl/6 IFN-γ-/- mice were injected intravenously with 12 mg ConA/kg.

Vitamin E decreases the hyperglucagonemia of diabetic rats.

Vitamin E has the ability to scavenge a wide spectrum of free radicals, including singlet oxygen, superoxide, and hydroxyl radicals. It has beneficial effects against several other disorders, such as atherosclerosis and ischemic heart disease, because it acts as a transcriptional regulator for gene expression via a transcription factor TAP. The beneficial effect of vitamin E on plasma insulin and glucagon levels was examined using radioimmunoassay technique.

Vitamin E ameliorates some biochemical parameters in normal and diabetic rats.

Diabetes is associated with hyperglycemia, one of the most important causes of oxidative stress. Endogenous antioxidants are able to destroy the reactive species and create a balance between antioxidant and free radicals. In diabetes, the oxidative stress is increased due to the deficiency in the antioxidant defense.

Effect of vitamin C on liver and kidney functions in normal and diabetic rats.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is recognized as one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the world. About 5-6% of the world population suffers from this disease and the number of people diagnosed with diabetes is rapidly increasing. Diabetes has been demonstrated to be associated with oxidative stress and hyperglycemia, one of the most important indicators of oxidative stress.