A multi-tissue study of immune gene expression profiling highlights the key role of the nasal epithelium in COVID-19 severity.

Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) symptoms range from mild to severe illness; the cause for this differential response to infection remains unknown. Unravelling the immune mechanisms acting at different levels of the colonization process might be key to understand these differences. We carried out a multi-tissue (nasal, buccal and blood; n = 156) gene expression analysis of immune-related genes from patients affected by different COVID-19 severities, and healthy controls through the nCounter technology.

Corrigendum: Case Report: Two Monochorionic Twins With a Critically Different Course of Progressive Osseous Heteroplasia.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.

Case Report: Two Monochorionic Twins With a Critically Different Course of Progressive Osseus Heteroplasia.

Progressive osseous heteroplasia (POH; OMIM 166350) is a rare autosomal-dominant genetic disorder in which extra-skeletal bone forms within skin and muscle tissue. POH is one of the clinical manifestations of an inactivating mutation in the gene. gene alterations are difficult matter to address, as alleles show genetic imprinting and produce several transcript products, and the same mutation may lead to strikingly different phenotypes.

Increased Serum Levels of sCD14 and sCD163 Indicate a Preponderant Role for Monocytes in COVID-19 Immunopathology.

Background: Emerging evidence indicates a potential role for monocytes in COVID-19 immunopathology. We investigated two soluble markers of monocyte activation, sCD14 and sCD163, in COVID-19 patients, with the aim of characterizing their potential role in monocyte-macrophage disease immunopathology. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study of its kind.

Association study of genetic polymorphisms in proteins involved in oseltamivir transport, metabolism, and interactions with adverse reactions in Mexican patients with acute respiratory diseases.

Oseltamivir, a pro-drug, is the best option for treatment and chemoprophylaxis for influenza outbreaks. However, many patients treated with oseltamivir developed adverse reactions, including hypersensitivity, gastritis, and neurological symptoms. The aim of this study was to determine the adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in Mexican patients treated with oseltamivir and whether these ADRs are associated with SNPs of the genes involved in the metabolism, transport, and interactions of oseltamivir.

A qPCR expression assay of IFI44L gene differentiates viral from bacterial infections in febrile children.

The diagnosis of bacterial infections in hospital settings is currently performed using bacterial culture from sterile site, but they are lengthy and limited. Transcriptomic biomarkers are becoming promising tools for diagnosis with potential applicability in clinical settings. We evaluated a RT-qPCR assay for a 2-transcript host expression signature (FAM89A and IFI44L genes) inferred from microarray data that allow to differentiate between viral and bacterial infection in febrile children.

Rotavirus intestinal infection induces an oral mucosa cytokine response.

Introduction: Salivary glands are known immune effector sites and considered to be part of the whole mucosal immune system. The aim of the present study was to assess the salivary immune response to rotavirus (RV) infection through the analysis of the cytokine immune profile in saliva.

Material And Methods: A prospective comparative study of serial saliva samples from 27 RV-infected patients (sampled upon admission to the hospital during acute phase and at convalescence-i.

In vitro transcribed RNA molecules for the diagnosis of pandemic 2009 influenza A(H1N1) virus by real-time RT-PCR.

The 2009 influenza A(H1N1) outbreak allowed the implementation of new epidemiologic surveillance tools in several countries around the world. A new molecular protocol with appropriate sensitivity and specificity using real-time RT-PCR was developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to identify the pandemic 2009 influenza A (H1N1) virus in human specimens. In the CDC protocol, positive controls are available only upon request and they are taken from cell cultures infected with 2009 influenza A(H1N1) virus, representing a handling risk for laboratory technicians.