Assessment of plasma resolvin levels in women with breast cancer and their associations with disease presentation and immunohistochemical characteristics.

Background: Resolvins, which are divided into series D (RvD) and E (RvE), originate from omega-3 fatty acids, DHA and EPA and were recently found to be involved in the modulation of inflammation in some tumors, including breast cancer (BC). We aimed to assess the resolvin profiles (RvD1, RvD2, RvD3 and RvE1) in the plasma of BC patients compared with those of controls and to determine differences in their concentrations according to BC presentation and immunohistochemical characteristics.

Methods: We considered BC patients (sporadic, familiar and BRCA1/2-mutated forms) naïve to any anticancer treatment and controls affected by nonmalignant breast disease.

Breast cancer patients' postoperative outcomes in nipple-sparing mastectomy and reconstruction with subpectoral implant placement: a single center experience.

Background: The continuous increase in the rate of nipple sparing mastectomy (NSM), the development of several reconstructive techniques and the following introduction of acellular derma matrix (ADM) has revolutionized implant-based breast reconstruction. This study aimed to investigate postoperative complications, health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and patients' satisfaction in patients undergoing NSM and breast reconstruction with or without ADM.

Methods: Enrolled patients were divided into three groups: immediate breast reconstruction (IBR) with definitive implant and ADM (Group A), IBR only with definitive prosthesis (Group B), and two-stage breast reconstruction (Group C).

Circulating adipose-tissue miRNAs in gastrointestinal cancer patients and their association with the level and type of adiposity at body composition analysis.

Background: Adipose tissue (AT) wasting in cancer is an early catabolic event with negative impact on outcomes. Circulating miRNAs may promote body weight loss and cachexia. We measured circulating miRNAs linked to AT alterations and compared their levels between i) gastrointestinal (GI) cancer patients and controls, ii) cachectic and non-cachectic cancer patients, and iii) according to adiposity level and its distribution.

Abdominoplasty after massive weight loss. Safety preservation fascia technique and clinical outcomes in a large single series-comparative study.

Introduction: Weight loss after bariatric surgery causes very important modifications to the patient's silhouette. Abdominal fat and skin excess reduction are associated with several complications. The most frequent are seroma and hematoma whereas major complications, such as pulmonary embolism, are less frequent.

Assessment of lipolysis biomarkers in adipose tissue of patients with gastrointestinal cancer.

Background: Adipose tissue metabolism may be impaired in patients with cancer. In particular, increased lipolysis was described in cancer-promoting adipose tissue atrophy. For this reason, we assessed the expression of the lipolysis-associated genes and proteins in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) of gastrointestinal (GI) cancer patients compared to controls to verify their involvement in cancer, among different types of GI cancers, and in cachexia.

Muscularity and adiposity are differently associated with inflammatory and nutritional biomarkers among patients on hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis.

Purpose: Nutritional alterations are prevalent in patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD). We aimed at evaluating whether body composition parameters in HD vs PD are differently associated with nutritional and inflammatory biomarkers.

Methods: Body composition was assessed by bioimpedance analysis.

Small non-coding RNA profiling in patients with gastrointestinal cancer.

Background: Small non-coding (snc)RNAs, including microRNAs and P-element induced wimpy testis (PIWI)-interacting-RNAs (piRNAs), crucially regulate gene expression in both physiological and pathological conditions. In particular, some muscle-specific microRNAs (myomiRs) have been involved in the pathogenesis of cancer-induced muscle wasting. The aims of the present study were (i) to profile sncRNAs in both skeletal muscle and plasma of gastrointestinal cancer patients and (ii) to investigate the association among differentially expressed sncRNAs and the level of muscularity at body composition analysis.

Disease-related malnutrition with inflammation and cachexia.

In 2010, the definition of cachexia was jointly developed by the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) Special Interest Groups (SIG) "Cachexia-anorexia in chronic wasting diseases" and "Nutrition in geriatrics". Cachexia was considered as a synonym of disease-related malnutrition (DRM) with inflammation by the ESPEN guidelines on definitions and terminology of clinical nutrition. Starting from these concepts and taking into account the available evidence the SIG "Cachexia-anorexia in chronic wasting diseases" conducted several meetings throughout 2020-2022 to discuss the similarities and differences between cachexia and DRM, the role of inflammation in DRM, and how it can be assessed.

Fatigue in Patients on Chronic Hemodialysis: The Role of Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO) Activity, Interleukin-6, and Muscularity.

Fatigue is a frequent symptom in hemodialysis (HD), and the indolamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) metabolic trap has been hypothesized in the pathogenesis of fatigue. The association between IDO activity according to fatigue and its relationship with muscle mass and function in HD patients was verified. Chronic HD patients were considered, and fatigue was assessed.

Thyroid and renal cancers: A bidirectional association.

There is a deep interrelation between the thyroid gland and the kidney parenchyma, with dysfunction of the first leading to significant changes in renal metabolism and . Given the recognition of cancer as a systemic disease, the raise of thyroid tumors and the common association of several malignancies, such as breast cancer, prostate cancer, colorectal cancer, and other, with an increased risk of kidney disease, public health alert for these conditions is warranted. A systematic review of the current evidence on the bidirectional relationship between thyroid and renal cancers was conducted including 18 studies, highlighting patient's characteristics, histology, time for secondary malignancy to develop from the first diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up.

A Retrospective Case Series in Fournier's Disease: And Its Emergency Management et Grafting Technique for Penis Coverage.

Fournier's gangrene is a necrotizing soft tissue infection of the genital, perineal, and perirectal areas. A primary isolated involvement of the penis is rare, but it can be affected in some circumstances. The purpose of this case series is to present the findings of our thirteen years' experience in the reconstruction of the penis in Fournier's gangrene and our full-thickness grafting technique to cover the penis rod.

A Woman's Place Is in Theatre, but Are Theatres Designed with Women in Mind? A Systematic Review of Ergonomics for Women in Surgery.

Background: Literature regarding ergonomic protocols for surgery is lacking, and there is a paucity of information on how this impacts on gender differences with regards to the barriers faced by women in surgery.

Methods: This article reviews current literature addressing women in surgery and ergonomics through a systematic search including the Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed databases.

Results: Searches retrieved 425 items, and after a thorough evaluation for inclusion, 15 studies were examined-predominantly surveys (n = 9) and originating from the USA (n = 9).

Evaluation of Browning Markers in Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue of Newly Diagnosed Gastrointestinal Cancer Patients with and without Cachexia.

We assessed the molecular phenotype of the browning of white adipose tissue in newly diagnosed cancer patients and controls undergoing surgery for gastrointestinal tumors and for non-malignant diseases, respectively. We collected subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) samples and using RT-PCR, we analyzed the expression of markers of browning and using Western blot the protein levels of UCP1 and PGC1α. The mRNA levels were lower in cancer patients vs.

Thyroid Diseases and Breast Cancer.

Epidemiological studies aimed at defining the association of thyroid diseases with extra-thyroidal malignancies (EM) have aroused considerable interest in the possibility of revealing common genetic and environmental factors underlying disease etiology and progression. Over the years, multiple lines of evidence indicated a significant relationship between thyroid carcinomas and other primary EM, especially breast cancer. For the latter, a prominent association was also found with benign thyroid diseases.

Mesenteric Cyst with GI Symptoms: A Fluid Approach to Treatment-Case Report and Literature Review.

Mesenteric cysts are defined as a heterogeneous group of intra-abdominal cystic lesions of the mesentery or omentum that may be found in any portion of the gastrointestinal tract from the duodenum to the rectum. The clinical condition is entirely asymptomatic in many patients, particularly with small cysts. The diagnosis is typically incidental and secondary to imaging performed for other purposes.

Histomorphological and inflammatory changes of white adipose tissue in gastrointestinal cancer patients with and without cachexia.

Background: During cancer cachexia, several alterations occur in peripheral tissues, and the adipose tissue may be involved during the catabolic state. We aimed at investigating histological rearrangement and infiltration of inflammatory cells in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) of patients with cancer undergoing surgery, according to the presence/absence of cachexia.

Methods: We considered gastrointestinal cancer patients and controls with non-malignant diseases undergoing surgery.

Papillary Thyroid Cancer Prognosis: An Evolving Field.

Over the last few years, a great advance has been made in the comprehension of the molecular pathogenesis underlying thyroid cancer progression, particularly for the papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), which represents the most common thyroid malignancy. Putative cancer driver mutations have been identified in more than 98% of PTC, and a new PTC classification into molecular subtypes has been proposed in order to resolve clinical uncertainties still present in the clinical management of patients. Additionally, the prognostic stratification systems have been profoundly modified over the last decade, with a view to refine patients' staging and being able to choose a clinical approach tailored on single patient's needs.

Coincidental or Causal? Concurrence of Colorectal Carcinoma with Primary Breast Cancer.

Multiple primary malignant neoplasms (MPMN) represent the occurrence of a second malignancy in the same patient within 6 months after the detection of first primary (synchronous) tumor, or > 6 months after primary detection (metachronous). We present a case of a patient treated for carcinoma of the breast who developed a metachronous primary malignancy in the colorectal tract. These tumors were histologically different with distinct immune-histochemical parameters.

Effects of Inositol Hexaphosphate and Myo-Inositol Administration in Breast Cancer Patients during Adjuvant Chemotherapy.

Background: Treatment of breast cancer (BC) includes locoregional and systemic therapies depending on tumor and patient's characteristics. Inositol hexaphosphate (IP6) is known as a strong antioxidant agent, able to improve local (i.e.

Algorithm of rational approach to reconstruction in Fournier's disease.

Background: Fournier's gangrene is a rare form of necrotizing fasciitis that affects the genital area up to the perineal region and sometimes the abdominal wall.

Objectives: Our article aims to show that in the treatment of extensive forms of Fournier's gangrene, correct use of flap and skin grafts and a quick reconstruction of the exposed tissues avoid scarring retraction of the testicles and deformation of the penis.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical and photographic data of Fournier's gangrene cases treated at our Institute.

Large cell anaplastic lymphoma associated with breast implant: a rare case report presentation and discussion of possible management.

Anaplastic large cell lymphomas (ALCL) are a rare type of primary breast lymphoma. The association between breast implants and ALCL was first described in 1997. Breast implant associated (BIA)-ALCL arises from the inflammatory T cells surrounding the fibrous capsule, and most tumors are .

First Surgical National Consensus Conference of the Italian Breast Surgeons association (ANISC) on breast cancer management in neoadjuvant setting: Results and summary.

Rationale: On October 15th, 2020, the first Surgical National Consensus Conference on neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) was promoted by the Italian Association of Breast Surgeons (ANISC).

Method: The Consensus Conference was entirely held online due to anti-Covid-19 restrictions and after an introductory four lectures held by national and international experts in the field, a total of nine questions were presented and a digital "real-time" voting system was obtained. A consensus was reached if 75% or more of all panelists agreed on a given question.

New classifications of axillary lymph nodes and their anatomical-clinical correlations in breast surgery.

Background: In the last decade, two research groups, the French group by Clough et al. (Br J Surg. 97:1659-65, 2010) and the Chinese one by Li et al.

Cancer-associated anorexia: Validity and performance overtime of different appetite tools among patients at their first cancer diagnosis.

Background & Aims: Anorexia is a frequent symptom in cancer and we aimed to assess its prevalence among patients at their first cancer diagnosis by different appetite tools and the relationship between each tool with self-reports of food intake. We also tested whether cancer anorexia influences outcomes independently of reduced food intake or body weight loss (BWL) overtime and whether BWL was associated with complications during anticancer-therapy.

Methods: Functional Assessment of Anorexia/Cachexia Therapy (FAACT) score, self-assessment of appetite, Anorexia Questionnaire (AQ) and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) were administered.

Assessing Kidney Graft Viability and Its Cells Metabolism during Machine Perfusion.

Kidney transplantation is the golden treatment for end-stage renal disease. Static cold storage is currently considered the standard method of preservation, but dynamic techniques, such as machine perfusion (MP), have been shown to improve graft function, especially in kidneys donated by extended criteria donors and donation after circulatory death. With poor organ quality being a major reason for kidneys not being transplanted, an accurate, objective and reliable quality assessment during preservation could add value and support to clinicians' decisions.