Agreement between a web collaborative dataset and an administrative dataset to assess the retail food environment in Mexico.

Background: Latin American countries are often limited in the availability of food outlet data. There is a need to use online search engines that allow the identification of food outlets and assess their agreement with field observations. We aimed to assess the agreement in the density of food outlets provided by a web collaborative data (Google) against the density obtained from an administrative registry.

[Spatial analysis of maternal morbidity and mortality in users of the Brazilian Unified National Health System in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2014-2016].

The objective of this study is to analyze the maternal morbidity and mortality of women treated in hospitals of the Brazilian Unified National Health System (SUS) in the city of Rio de Janeiro in the period 2014-2016. An ecological study was conducted using data from the Brazilian Information System on Live Birth (SINASC), the Brazilian Mortality Information System (SIM), and the Brazilian Hospital Information System (SIH/SUS). For the analysis of the maternal mortality ratio (MMR), data from the SIM were used.

Urban landscape and street-design factors associated with road-traffic mortality in Latin America between 2010 and 2016 (SALURBAL): an ecological study.

Background: Road-traffic injuries are a key cause of death and disability in low-income and middle-income countries, but the effect of city characteristics on road-traffic mortality is unknown in these countries. The aim of this study was to determine associations between city-level built environment factors and road-traffic mortality in large Latin American cities.

Methods: We selected cities from Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Mexico, Panama, and Peru; cities included in the analysis had a population of at least 100 000 people.

Associations of Sociodemographic Factors and Health Behaviors with the Emotional Well-Being of Adolescents during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Brazil.

This cross-sectional study utilizes data from a nationwide web-based survey aimed to identify the factors affecting the emotional well-being of Brazilian adolescents aged 12-17 during the period of school closures and confinement. Data collection took place from 27 June to 17 September 2020. We used the "virtual snowball" sampling method, and students from private and public schools were included.

Spatial Patterns in Hospital-Acquired Infections in Portugal (2014-2017).

Background: Hospital-Acquired Infections (HAIs) represent the most frequent adverse event associated with healthcare delivery and result in prolonged hospital stays and deaths worldwide.

Aim: To analyze the spatial patterns of HAI incidence from 2014 to 2017 in Portugal.

Methods: Data from the Portuguese Discharge Hospital Register were used.

Web Data Mining: Validity of Data from Google Earth for Food Retail Evaluation.

To overcome the challenge of obtaining accurate data on community food retail, we developed an innovative tool to automatically capture food retail data from Google Earth (GE). The proposed method is relevant to non-commercial use or scholarly purposes. We aimed to test the validity of web sources data for the assessment of community food retail environment by comparison to ground-truth observations (gold standard).

The COVID-19 Pandemic and changes in adult Brazilian lifestyles: a cross-sectional study, 2020.

Objective: To describe lifestyle changes with regard to consumption of tobacco and alcohol, food intake and physical activity, in the period of social restriction resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted in Brazil with data from the ConVid online health behavior survey. The data were collected via an online questionnaire answered by the survey participants.

Antimicrobial Polymers: The Potential Replacement of Existing Antibiotics?

Antimicrobial resistance is now considered a major global challenge; compromising medical advancements and our ability to treat infectious disease. Increased antimicrobial resistance has resulted in increased morbidity and mortality due to infectious diseases worldwide. The lack of discovery of novel compounds from natural products or new classes of antimicrobials, encouraged us to recycle discontinued antimicrobials that were previously removed from routine use due to their toxicity, e.

Polyhexamethylene Biguanide and Nadifloxacin Self-Assembled Nanoparticles: Antimicrobial Effects against Intracellular Methicillin-Resistant .

The treatment of skin and soft tissue infections caused by methicillin-resistant (MRSA) remains a challenge, partly due to localization of the bacteria inside the host's cells, where antimicrobial penetration and efficacy is limited. We formulated the cationic polymer polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB) with the topical antibiotic nadifloxacin and tested the activities against intracellular MRSA in infected keratinocytes. The PHMB/nadifloxacin nanoparticles displayed a size of 291.

Engineering of Nanofibrous Amorphous and Crystalline Solid Dispersions for Oral Drug Delivery.

Poor aqueous solubility (<0.1 mg/mL) affects a significant number of drugs currently on the market or under development. Several formulation strategies including salt formation, particle size reduction, and solid dispersion approaches have been employed with varied success.

Does community deprivation determine longevity after the age of 75? A cross-national analysis.

Objectives: Analyze the association between socioeconomic deprivation and old-age survival in Europe, and investigate whether it varies by country and gender.

Methods: Our study incorporated five countries (Portugal, Spain, France, Italy, and England). A 10-year survival rate expressing the proportion of population aged 75-84 years who reached 85-94 years old was calculated at area-level for 2001-11.

The influence of socioeconomic, biogeophysical and built environment on old-age survival in a Southern European city.

Old-age survival is a good indicator of population health and regional development. We evaluated the spatial distribution of old-age survival across Porto neighbourhoods and its relation with physical (biogeophysical and built) and socioeconomic factors (deprivation). Smoothed survival rates and odds ratio (OR) were estimated using Bayesian spatial models.

Solid microcrystalline dispersion films as a new strategy to improve the dissolution rate of poorly water soluble drugs: A case study using olanzapine.

In this study, we evaluate the dissolution rate enhancement of solid microcrystalline dispersion (SMD) films of olanzapine (OLZ) formulated with four water-soluble polymers namely poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP), poloxamer 188 (P188), poloxamer 407 (P407) and Soluplus(®) (SLP). Prepared formulations were characterised to determine particle size, morphology, hydrogen bonding interactions, thermal characteristics as well as in vitro dissolution studies conducted under sink conditions (pH 6.8).

Development of a measure of multiple physical environmental deprivation. After United Kingdom and New Zealand, Portugal.

Background: Spatial inequalities in health have been identified, but the contribution of physical environment has been largely ignored. In Portugal, strong spatial differences in morbidity and mortality remain unexplained. Based on previous United Kingdom (UK) and New Zealand (NZ) research, we aimed to develop a Portuguese measure of multiple environmental deprivation (PT-MEDIx) to assist in understanding spatial inequalities in health.

Physical activity-friendly neighbourhood among older adults from a medium size urban setting in Southern Europe.

Objective: In this cross-sectional study, we examined the relationship between socio-environmental characteristics of neighborhood of residence and the frequency of leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) among older adults from Porto (Portugal).

Method: Data from EpiPorto - a prospective adult cohort study from Porto (Portugal) - were used. Only adults aged ≥ 65 at baseline (1999-2003) were included (n=580).

Sociodemographic determinants of prevalence and incidence of Helicobacter pylori infection in Portuguese adults.

Background: Understanding the determinants of Helicobacter pylori infection in adults is essential to predict the burden of H. pylori-related diseases. We aimed to estimate the prevalence and incidence of H.

MIQuant--semi-automation of infarct size assessment in models of cardiac ischemic injury.

Background: The cardiac regenerative potential of newly developed therapies is traditionally evaluated in rodent models of surgically induced myocardial ischemia. A generally accepted key parameter for determining the success of the applied therapy is the infarct size. Although regarded as a gold standard method for infarct size estimation in heart ischemia, histological planimetry is time-consuming and highly variable amongst studies.

International survey of primary and revision total knee replacement.

Purpose: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is currently the international standard of care for treating degenerative and rheumatologic knee joint disease, as well as certain knee joint fractures. We sought to answer the following three research questions: (1) What is the international variance in primary and revision TKA rates around the world? (2) How do patient demographics (e.g.

[Evaluation of operational conditions in the Adolescent Health Care Program, Rio de Janeiro].

This study focuses on conditions in the public health centers providing comprehensive care to the adolescent population in the city of Rio de Janeiro. A structured questionnaire was administered to the coordinators of 70 public health centers (70/78). Based on the data, the public health centers were stratified according to basic conditions for providing full care to adolescents.