Port-wine stain as a clue for two rare coexisting entities.

Phakomatosis pigmentovascularis (PPV) is an uncommon dermatosis characterised by the presence of both pigmentary and vascular abnormalities. Its pathogenesis is not elucidated, and the prognosis is mainly determined by the presence of extracutaneous manifestations, such as Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome (KTS), that is defined by the triad of a port-wine stain (PWS), anomalous veins and progressive overgrowth of the affected extremity. Herein, we report a case of an adult patient, who presented with a large PWS, nevus of Ota, ocular melanosis, and limb hypertrophy and varicosities.

Cutaneous nocardiosis by a new pathogenic species: .

Nocardiosis is a rare, predominantly opportunistic, suppurative disease caused by bacteria of the order Actinomycetales. There are currently more than 100 species of described, less than half are pathogenic to humans. Cutaneous nocardiosis can be caused by direct inoculation from a contaminated material or by secondary dissemination.

Tungiasis: a poorly-known diagnosis in Europe. Two paradigmatic cases from Portugal.

Tungiasis is a cutaneous parasitosis caused by infestation of the skin by gravid fleas of the genus Tunga, mainly Tunga penetrans. This flea is very common in tropical and subtropical regions of the globe, but not in Europe. The infestation is acquired by walking barefoot or lying in places where the flea is present, usually beaches or sandy soils.

Kikuchi's disease of the xanthomathous type with cutaneous manifestations.

Kikuchi's disease is a benign, self-limiting disease, whose pathogenesis remains unknown. Patients most often present with cervical lymphadenopathy, sometimes associated with fever and leukopenia. It has been reported that up to 40% of patients with Kikuchi's disease have also cutaneous eruptions, but no specific skin changes have been described.

Giant pilomatricoma in a patient with tuberous sclerosis, both diagnosed in the adult life.

Pilomatricoma is a relatively common benign skin neoplasm originating from the hair follicle matrix cells. β-Catenin is a subunit of the cadherin protein complex. It acts as an intracellular signal transducer that influences cell differentiation and proliferation.

Cutaneous Phaeohyphomycosis Caused by Alternaria alternata Unresponsive to Itraconazole Treatment.

Cutaneous alternariosis is an opportunistic infection that has been described mainly in patients treated with corticosteroids. We report a case of dermal alternariosis occurring in a woman treated with corticosteroids after a neurosurgery that was unresponsive to itraconazole. Treatment with intravenous voriconazole was initiated, followed by oral protocol, with marked improvement of the lesions.

Indeterminate cell histiocytosis in association with acute myeloid leukemia.

Indeterminate cell histiocytosis (ICH) is a rare proliferative disorder, in which the predominant cells share morphologic and immunophenotypic features from both Langerhans and non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis. We describe a 62-year-old man presenting a 2-month history of firm nodular lesions on the upper lip. Histopathology, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural analysis showed typical findings of ICH.