Topography of mutational signatures in human cancer.

The somatic mutations found in a cancer genome are imprinted by different mutational processes. Each process exhibits a characteristic mutational signature, which can be affected by the genome architecture. However, the interplay between mutational signatures and topographical genomic features has not been extensively explored.

DNA damage and somatic mutations in mammalian cells after irradiation with a nail polish dryer.

Ultraviolet A light is commonly emitted by UV-nail polish dryers with recent reports suggesting that long-term use may increase the risk for developing skin cancer. However, no experimental evaluation has been conducted to reveal the effect of radiation emitted by UV-nail polish dryers on mammalian cells. Here, we show that irradiation by a UV-nail polish dryer causes high levels of reactive oxygen species, consistent with 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine damage and mitochondrial dysfunction.

Modelling Mutation Spectra of Human Carcinogens Using Experimental Systems.

Mutation spectra in cancer genomes provide information on the disease aetiology and the causality underlying the evolution and progression of cancer. Genome-wide mutation patterns reflect the effects of mutagenic insults and can thus reveal past carcinogen-specific exposures and inform hypotheses on the causative factors for specific cancer types. To identify mutation profiles in human cancers, single-gene studies were first employed, focusing mainly on the tumour suppressor gene TP53.