Nutritional Prehabilitation in Patients Undergoing Abdominal Surgery-A Narrative Review.

Malnutrition plays a crucial role as a risk factor in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery. To mitigate the risk of complications, nutritional prehabilitation has been recommended for malnourished patients and those at severe metabolic risk. Various approaches have been devised, ranging from traditional short-term conditioning lasting 7-14 days to longer periods integrated into a comprehensive multimodal prehabilitation program.

Malnutrition Screening with Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 prior to Assessment as Part of GLIM Criteria in Patients Undergoing Major Abdominal Surgery for Gastrointestinal Cancer.

Introduction: For diagnosing malnutrition as an important modifiable risk factor in surgical cancer patients, GLIM criteria offer a standardised diagnostic pathway. Before assessing malnutrition, it is suggested to screen for malnutrition with an implemented screening tool, i.e.

ESPEN Guidelines on Clinical nutrition in surgery - Special issues to be revisited.

The ESPEN Guidelines on Clinical nutrition in Surgery from 2017 has been also available as practical guideline with algorithms since 2021 (www.espen.org).

Postoperative Nutrition Management: Who Needs What?

Background: Early oral feeding after major abdominal surgery has been clearly shown to be safe and not a risk factor for anastomotic dehiscence. Within the Enhanced Recovery after Surgery protocol, it is the nutritional plan A. Nonetheless, one must consider that postoperative protein and energy requirements will often be not covered by oral food intake alone.

Evaluation of malnutrition in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery using GLIM criteria and comparing CT and BIA for muscle mass measurement.

Background & Aims: GLIM criteria have become a worldwide standard for diagnosing malnutrition. They emphasize the measurement of muscle mass but do not provide clear recommendations for the use of different diagnostic tools and cut-offs. Measurements of body composition by using computerized tomography (CT) and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) are both easily accessible in hospitalized patients.

Oral Nutritional Supplements and Enteral Nutrition in Patients with Gastrointestinal Surgery.

Nowadays, patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery are following perioperative treatment in enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols. Although oral feeding is supposed not to be stopped perioperatively with respect to ERAS, malnourished patients and inadequate calorie intake are common. Malnutrition, even in overweight or obese patients, is often underestimated.

Needle Catheter Jejunostomy in Patients Undergoing Surgery for Upper Gastrointestinal and Pancreato-Biliary Cancer-Impact on Nutritional and Clinical Outcome in the Early and Late Postoperative Period.

The metabolic risk for patients undergoing abdominal cancer resection increases in the perioperative period and malnutrition may be observed. In order to prevent further weight loss, the guidelines recommend for high-risk patients the placement of a needle catheter jejunostomy (NCJ) for supplementing enteral feeding in the early and late postoperative period. Our aim was to evaluate the safety of NCJ placement and its potential benefits regarding the nutritional status in the postoperative course.

Predictors of New Cerebral Microbleeds in Patients with Antiplatelet Drug Therapy.

Background: Cerebral microbleeds (CMB) are associated with an increased risk for ischemic and especially hemorrhagic stroke. The aim of the present study is to identify patients at high risk for the development of new CMB after initiation of an antiplatelet drug therapy.

Methods: Patients received magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) within 1 week after initiation of an antiplatelet drug treatment due to a first ischemic stroke (n = 58) and after a follow-up period of 6 months (n = 40).