Examining for an association between candidate gene polymorphisms in the metabolic syndrome components on excess weight and adiposity measures in youth: a cross-sectional study.

Background: A polymorphism in a gene may exert its effects on multiple phenotypes. The aim of this study is to explore the association of 10 metabolic syndrome candidate genes with excess weight and adiposity and evaluate the effect of perinatal and socioeconomic factors on these associations.

Methods: The anthropometry, socioeconomic and perinatal conditions and 10 polymorphisms were evaluated in 1081 young people between 10 and 18 years old.

Variant in CAPN10 gene and environmental factors show evidence of association with excess weight among young people in a Colombian population.

Unlabelled: Introduction : Obesity results from interaction between genetic and environmental risk factors.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of three gene variants and environmental factors on obesity and overweight in young people aged 10 to 18 years in a Colombian population.

Materials And Methods: A total of 424 subjects were selected and separated into three groups for a cross-sectional study; 100 obese and 112 overweight subjects were matched with 212 normal-weight controls.

[Association and interaction of AGT, AGTR1, ACE, ADRB2, DRD1, ADD1, ADD2, ATP2B1, TBXA2R and PTGS2 genes on the risk of hypertension in Antioquian population].

Introduction: Hypertension is a multifactorial disease influenced by genetic and environmental components, with its prevalence varying across ethnic groups. Manifold studies on blood pressure regulatory system genes have been carried out -such as the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, the sympathetic nervous system, endothelial factor, and sodium balance-, but the results yielded were inconsistent among populations.

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of both variants in genes AGT, AGTR1, ACE, ADRB2, DRD1, ADD1, ADD2, ATP2B1, TBXA2R PTGS2, and the result of the individual ancestry component on hypertension and blood pressure levels among population in Antioquia.

Reconstructing Native American population history.

The peopling of the Americas has been the subject of extensive genetic, archaeological and linguistic research; however, central questions remain unresolved. One contentious issue is whether the settlement occurred by means of a single migration or multiple streams of migration from Siberia. The pattern of dispersals within the Americas is also poorly understood.

Amerind ancestry, socioeconomic status and the genetics of type 2 diabetes in a Colombian population.

The "thrifty genotype" hypothesis proposes that the high prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Native Americans and admixed Latin Americans has a genetic basis and reflects an evolutionary adaptation to a past low calorie/high exercise lifestyle. However, identification of the gene variants underpinning this hypothesis remains elusive. Here we assessed the role of Native American ancestry, socioeconomic status (SES) and 21 candidate gene loci in susceptibility to T2D in a sample of 876 T2D cases and 399 controls from Antioquia (Colombia).

Contrasting patterns of nuclear and mtDNA diversity in Native American populations.

We report an integrated analysis of nuclear (autosomal, X- and Y-chromosome) short tandem repeat (STR) data and mtDNA D-loop sequences obtained in the same set of 22 Native populations from across the Americas. A north to south gradient of decreasing population diversity was observed, in agreement with a settlement of the Americas from the extreme northwest of the continent. This correlation is stronger with "least cost distances," which consider the coasts as facilitators of migration.

Genetic make up and structure of Colombian populations by means of uniparental and biparental DNA markers.

Colombia is a country with great geographic heterogeneity and marked regional differences in pre-Columbian native population density and in the extent of past African and European immigration. As a result, Colombia has one of the most diverse populations in Latin America. Here we evaluated ancestry in over 1,700 individuals from 24 Colombian populations using biparental (autosomal and X-Chromosome), maternal (mtDNA), and paternal (Y-chromosome) markers.

[Association between polymorphism in uncoupling proteins and type 2 diabetes in a northwestern Colombian population].

Introduction: The uncoupling proteins belong to the family of anion transporting proteins which uncouple the ATP production from the mitochondrial respiration, cause proton leakage through the inner mitochondrial membrane, and release energy as heat. Although uncoupling protein function has not been well established, specific polymorphisms in these proteins have been associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity and insulin resistance.

Objective: The association was assessed between the polymorphisms in uncoupling protein genes 1, 2 and 3 genes and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Geographic patterns of genome admixture in Latin American Mestizos.

The large and diverse population of Latin America is potentially a powerful resource for elucidating the genetic basis of complex traits through admixture mapping. However, no genome-wide characterization of admixture across Latin America has yet been attempted. Here, we report an analysis of admixture in thirteen Mestizo populations (i.

Genetic variation and population structure in native Americans.

We examined genetic diversity and population structure in the American landmass using 678 autosomal microsatellite markers genotyped in 422 individuals representing 24 Native American populations sampled from North, Central, and South America. These data were analyzed jointly with similar data available in 54 other indigenous populations worldwide, including an additional five Native American groups. The Native American populations have lower genetic diversity and greater differentiation than populations from other continental regions.

Convergent linkage evidence from two Latin-American population isolates supports the presence of a susceptibility locus for bipolar disorder in 5q31-34.

We performed a whole genome microsatellite marker scan in six multiplex families with bipolar (BP) mood disorder ascertained in Antioquia, a historically isolated population from North West Colombia. These families were characterized clinically using the approach employed in independent ongoing studies of BP in the closely related population of the Central Valley of Costa Rica. The most consistent linkage results from parametric and non-parametric analyses of the Colombian scan involved markers on 5q31-33, a region implicated by the previous studies of BP in Costa Rica.