Validation of the delirium diagnostic tool-provisional (DDT-Pro) in geriatric medical inpatients with diagnostic permutations of the 3Ds with and without delirium.

Objective: Validations of brief delirium tools have not included analysis of psychiatric disorders comorbidities or control groups. We validated the Delirium Diagnostic Tool-Provisional (DDT-Pro) in 422 geriatric inpatients with high incidence of depression and/or dementia.

Methods: Cross-sectional study using two delirium reference standards, DSM-5-TR and Delirium Rating Scale-Revised-98 (DRS-R98).

Practical Application of a Battery of Brief Tools to Evaluate Geriatric Medical Inpatients for the Three Ds.

Objective: The investigators aimed to identify the clinical characteristics of patients with or without delirium and preexisting depression, dementia, both, or neither by using validated tools easily administered in clinical practice.

Methods: In this cross-sectional prospective observational study conducted in Medellín, Colombia, 200 geriatric inpatients were evaluated with the Delirium Diagnostic Tool-Provisional (DDT-Pro), Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly, Hachinski Ischemic Scale, Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia, and Charlson Comorbidity Index-short form. Delirium motor subtype, mortality, and length of hospital stay were assessed.

Variables associated with concordance or discordance for delirium diagnosis between referring and consulting physicians at a Tertiary Hospital in Colombia: Prospective observational study.

Delirium is an acute state of impaired consciousness and a medical urgency. Its broad range of alterations in mental status make diagnosis challenging. Awareness and accurate provisional diagnosis by nonpsychiatric clinicians are important for prompt management.

Utility and health-related quality of life measures in adult Colombian patients with solid tumours.

According to a 2020 report, the World Health Organization explained how, in 20 years, the prevalence of cancer cases will increase by 60% worldwide. In lower-middle-income countries, this figure will be 74.07%.

Delirium diagnostic tool-provisional (DDT-Pro) scores in delirium, subsyndromal delirium and no delirium.

Objective: To evaluate whether the Delirium Diagnostic Tool-Provisional (DDT-Pro), a 0-9 point scale with three items each representing symptoms from delirium's three core domains, differentiates subsyndromal delirium (SSD) from delirium and no delirium.

Methods: We applied cluster analyses of DDT-Pro scores from 200 consecutive inpatients using three reference standards for delirium diagnosis to determine DDT-Pro cutoff values for delirium, SSD and no delirium groups. Clinical validators and DDT-Pro item scores were compared among groups.

Discriminant Performance of Dysexecutive and Frontal Release Signs for Delirium in Patients With High Dementia Prevalence: Implications for Neural Network Impairment.

Background: Prevalence of signs of abnormal executive function (EF) and primitive reflexes (PR) with delirium in older hospitalized patients with or without comorbid dementia has not been reported.

Objective: To describe prevalence of signs of EF deficits and PR in older inpatients and their discriminant value for delirium while accounting for dementia.

Methods: Participants were evaluated for delirium using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5th edition and the Delirium Rating Scale Revised-98, dementia using Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly, and signs of PR (n = 5) and EF deficits (n = 3) using bedside neuropsychiatric examination.

Validation of the Delirium Diagnostic Tool-Provisional (DDT-Pro) With Medical Inpatients and Comparison With the Confusion Assessment Method Algorithm.

Objective: Delirium remains underdetected as a result of its broad constellation of symptoms and the inadequate neuropsychiatric expertise of most medical-surgical clinicians. Brief, accurate tools are needed to enhance detection.

Methods: The authors extended validation of the Delirium Diagnostic Tool-Provisional (DDT-Pro), originally validated in a study of inpatients with traumatic brain injury for diagnosis of delirium by nonexpert clinicians, for 200 general medical inpatients in Colombia.

Neurocognitive subtypes of schizophrenia.

Objective: To empirically identify schizophrenia neurocognitive subtypes and establish their association with clinical characteristics.

Methods: Sustained attention, executive function, facial emotion recognition, verbal learning, and working memory tests were applied to 253 subjects with schizophrenia. We identified neurocognitive subtypes by a latent class analysis of the tests results.

MMSE items that predict incident delirium and hypoactive subtype in older medical inpatients.

Because hypoactive delirium is especially under-recognized, we analyzed which Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) items predicted incident delirium and its hypoactive motor presentation. Over a 1-year period, older medical inpatients (n=291) were consecutively screened on admission with the Confusion Assessment Method-Spanish (CAM-S) to exclude prevalent delirium. Nondelirious patients were evaluated the same day with the MMSE, followed by daily ratings with the CAM-S.

Verbal working memory in individuals with schizophrenia and their first degree relatives: relationship with negative and disorganized symptoms.

Objective: To determine whether there are differences in verbal working memory amongst subjects with schizophrenia, their first degree relatives and controls, and to evaluate the influence of symptoms on these differences, as an initial step to assess whether this cognitive function is an endophenotype.

Methods: We examined 197 cases with schizophrenia, 197 first degree relatives and 200 controls through psychiatric interviews and the Letters and Numbers Sequencing test (LNS). Performance was compared among the three groups adjusting for age, sex and education level.

[Clinical Characteristics of 276 Patients Treated with Electroconvulsive Therapy at a University Clinic in Medellín, Colombia].

Objective: To describe the socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of patients undergoing Electroconvulsive Therapy with Anesthesia and Relaxation (ECTAR) for 10 years in a university clinic.

Methodology: Review of 276 medical records of patients who had undergone ECTAR between 1997 and 2007 at the Clínica Universitaria Bolivariana de Medellín, Colombia. Data was collected through an instrument designed for that purpose and then was analyzed.

Relationship between cognitive status at admission and incident delirium in older medical inpatients.

To evaluate the relationship between cognitive status and incident delirium, 291 geriatric patients on internal medicine wards were evaluated on admission with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Confusion Assessment Method-Spanish. Those with incident delirium were assessed using the Delirium Rating Scale-Revised-98 (DRS-R98). Delirium incidence was 11.