Pediatric spinal anesthesia at a tertiary care hospital: Eleven years after.

Background: Pediatric spinal anesthesia is an old technique whose use is not widespread, in spite of reducing the risk of cardiorespiratory events (hypoxemia, bradycardia, and hypotension) associated with general anesthesia, especially in neonates and infants. This retrospective cohort study aimed to assess the safety and effectiveness of the pediatric spinal anesthesia program at our tertiary care hospital over 11 years.

Methods: Two hundred children, between 8 days and 13 years of age, who underwent lower body surgery under spinal anesthesia from May 2010 to July 2021 were included.

Strengths-Weaknesses-Opportunities-Threats Analysis for a Pediatric Anesthesia Program.

Unlabelled: Risk management in healthcare institutions begins by first identifying the potential risks within a certain organization or specific area and then goes on to develop further strategies to reduce harm. The most common tool for this type of analysis is Strengths-Weaknesses-Opportunities-Threats (SWOT).

Methods: We conducted a SWOT analysis in our pediatric anesthesia program: key factors were identified in a matrix, prioritized in a score table, represented in a graph, and finally analyzed.

How to Manage Kidney Transplant Recipients: Deciding Between Glomerular Filtration Rate-Estimating Equations, Creatinine Clearance and Albumin-Creatinine Ratio, or Albumin Excretion.

Objectives: Management of renal transplant recipients involves measuring glomerular filtration rate and albuminuria; however, data are conflicting on the use of estimating equations or creatinine clearance and albumin-creatinine ratio in early morning urine or albumin excretion in 24-hour urine. We aimed to determine the performance of creatinine clearance and 3 estimated creatinine-based formulas and compare the usefulness of albumin-creatinine ratio related to albumin excretion in kidney transplant patients.

Materials And Methods: This cross-sectional study examined 300 consecutive kidney transplant patients.

Spinal Anesthesia for Pediatric Laparoscopic Hernia Repair: A Case Report.

Spinal anesthesia is practical and safe in infants and toddlers and prevents perioperative complications including cardiorespiratory instability and apnea. Other perioperative advantages include reduced time from surgery completion to operating room exit and first feed. This article presents the case of an ex-premature infant who underwent laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair under spinal anesthesia.

Neurotoxicity versus Neuroprotection of Anesthetics: Young Children on the Ropes?

Normal brain development in young children depends on a balance between excitation and inhibition of neurons, and alterations to this balance may cause apoptosis. During the perioperative period, both surgical stimuli and anesthetics can induce neurotoxicity. This article attempts to expand the perspective of a topical issue-anesthetic-induced neurotoxicity-by also considering the protective effect of general anesthetics against surgery-induced neurotoxicity, all of which may generate some controversy in the current literature.

Unfavorable cytokine and adhesion molecule profiles during and after pregnancy, in women with gestational diabetes mellitus.

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus is a significant risk factor for metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease.

Aims: To assess the relationships between components of the metabolic syndrome and cytokine and adhesion molecule levels in women with GDM during pregnancy and after delivery.

Patients And Methods: A prospective case-control study on a sample of 126 pregnant women (63 with and 63 without gestational diabetes mellitus).

Magnesium sulfate in pediatric anesthesia: the Super Adjuvant.

Magnesium is an essential chemical element in all organisms, intervening in most cellular enzymatic reactions; thus, its importance in homeostasis and as a therapeutic tool in highly challenging patients such as pediatrics. The primary purpose of this paper was to review the role of magnesium sulfate as an adjuvant drug in pediatric anesthesia. This compound already has the scientific backing in certain aspects such as analgesia or muscle relaxation, but only theoretical or empirical backing in others such as organ protection or inflammation, where it seems to be promising.

Nocturnal blood pressure is associated with the progression of microvascular complications and hypertension in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Aims: To evaluate relationships between early alterations in blood pressure and the progression of microvascular complications of diabetes in clinically-normotensive patients with type 1 diabetes (T1DM).

Methods: In a prospective observational study of 85 normotensive T1DM patients without microalbuminuria, blood pressure (BP) was monitored over 24h using the ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) system at baseline and 7years later. Development or progression of microalbuminuria, retinopathy and hypertension was evaluated.

Lipid rescue in children: The prompt decision.

We report the case of a 17-month-old child who underwent laparotomy under general anesthesia and caudal block. Electrocardiogram ST-T changes were observed after local anesthetic injection. The prompt use of Intralipid 30% was successful in normalizing ECG alterations.

Does nebulized epinephrine improve the efficacy of hypertonic saline solution in the treatment of hospitalized moderate acute bronchiolitis? A double blind, randomized clinical trial.

Background: Nebulized 3% hypertonic saline solution (HSS 3%) has proven to reduce hospital stay in infants with acute bronchiolitis, as compared with nebulized physiological saline solutions. There are no studies assessing the effectiveness of nebulized epinephrine in patients treated with HSS 3%. The aim of this study was to compare the length of stay (LOS) in hospitalized patients treated with HSS 3% with placebo vs.

Adipokines and metabolic syndrome risk factors in women with previous gestational diabetes mellitus.

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has been recognized as a significant risk factor for metabolic syndrome and CVD. The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationships between levels of cytokines, components of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular risk markers in women with previous gestational diabetes.

Methods: Women (n = 41) with gestational diabetes background (cases) and 21 healthy women (controls) in the postpartum period were enrolled.

Impact of computerised chemotherapy prescriptions on the prevention of medication errors.

Objectives: The authors sought to evaluate the impact of computerised chemotherapy prescription on the reduction of medication errors. The purpose of this study was to assess the incidence of errors present in electronic versus manual prescription.

Material And Methods: The data gathered from computerised chemotherapy prescription sheets were submitted to a prospective analysis as cases of the intervention groups.