Pediatric subspecialty workforce: what is needed to secure its vitality and survival?

The pediatric subspecialty workforce is challenged by shortages and geographic maldistribution of subspecialists. We invited leaders in pediatrics to discuss how the field's vitality and survival can be secured. These leaders presented their own opinions and not the opinion of the society or organization that they are presenting.

Healthcare professional students' skills in sexual health communication and history taking: inter-rater reliability of standardized patients and faculty ratings in dar es Salaam, tanzania- a cross-sectional study.

Background: Low- and middle-income countries face a disproportionate impact of sexual health problems compared to high-income countries. To address this situation proper interpersonal communication skills are essential for clinician to gather necessary information during medical history-taking related to sexual health. This study aimed to evaluate the interrater reliability of ratings on sexual health-related interpersonal communication and medical history-taking between SPs and trained HCP faculty for health care professional students.

The need for and acceptability of a cancer training course for medical and nursing students in Tanzania: a convergent mixed methods study.

Background: The cancer burden in Africa is on the rise. A Cancer Training Course on screening, prevention, care, and community education is crucial for addressing a wide range of cancer health issues. When appropriately educated healthcare providers on cancer provide care, patient care improves, and healthcare costs decrease.

Discordant and Concordant Substance Use and Daily Partner Violence in Adolescent and Young Adult Relationships With Baseline Dating Violence.

Purpose: Intimate partner violence (IPV) and substance use in adolescents and young adults (AYAs) are significant public health issues in the United States. Together, they can harm emotional regulation and romantic relationship functioning. This study examines the role of concordant and discordant substance use on IPV within AYA relationships.

Undermining the Translational Potential of Clinical Research With Adolescents and Young Adults: Differential Enrollment in Randomized Clinical Trials During COVID-19.

Background: COVID-19 stay-at-home orders and research restrictions halted recruitment and follow-up of clinical research patients. Although clinical research has resumed, it is an open question whether research participation has returned to levels similar to those before COVID-19.

Methods: We used data from the TECH-PN (NCT No.

The need for and acceptability of a curriculum to train nursing and medical students in the sexual healthcare of clients with female genital mutilation/cutting in Tanzania.

Background: Female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) is tied to one of the most conservative cultures in the Mediterranean and Sub-Saharan Africa. More than 200 million girls and women in 30 African, Asian and the middle Eastern countries have undergone FGM/C. However, healthcare professionals are not adequately trained to prevent and manage FGM/C-related complications including sexual health problems.

Addressing sexual health concerns in Tanzania: perceived barriers among healthcare professionals and students in the "training for health professionals" study.

Little is known about the factors that may prevent healthcare professionals as key stakeholders from exploring sexual health issues in Tanzania. This study examined healthcare professionals' perspectives on the barriers to addressing sexual health concerns in practice. In June 2019, we conducted an exploratory qualitative study involving 18 focus group discussions among healthcare professionals ( = 60) and students ( = 61) in the health professions (midwifery, nursing, medicine) in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

Not Lost in Translation: The Use of Standardized Patients Technology among Health Professional Students in Tanzania.

Health professionals in Tanzania report a perceived need for sexual and reproductive health communication training to meet patient needs and reduce disparities. Simulation optimizes clinical performance and public entrustment. The study describes the development, feasibility, and acceptability measures of evidence-based, Afrocentric, standardized patient scenarios to train nursing, medical, and midwifery students in sexual and reproductive health in Tanzania.

Evaluating the History-Taking Process of Sexual Reproductive Health Problems in Tanzania: Lessons from a Study of Health Students and Practitioners.

Building trust and therapeutic relationships between healthcare providers and patients are crucial for delivering high-quality, comprehensive sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services. Yet, while patients face substantial SRH disparities in Tanzania, little is known about health care professionals' [HCPs] SRH history-taking practices and experiences. This paper describes HCPs' interdisciplinary practices, experience in conducting SRH taking, and the critical lessons learned to optimize quality SRH care.

Identifying Children in Foster Care and Improving Foster Care Documentation in Primary Care.

Background: Children and youth in foster care (CYFC) are a population with special healthcare needs, and the American Academy of Pediatrics has healthcare standards to care for this population, but implementation challenges include identifying clinic patients in foster care (FC). Documentation of FC status in the Electronic Health Record (EHR) can support the identification of CYFC to tailor care delivery. Therefore, we aimed to improve the percentage of CYFC with problem list (PL) documentation of FC status from 20% to 60% within 12 months.

Patient Portal Privacy: Perspectives of Adolescents and Emerging Adults Living with HIV and the Parental/Guardian Role in Supporting Their Care.

Background: Increasing the percentage of people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), including youth, who are virally suppressed to 95% is an overall goal of the ending the HIV epidemic initiative. While patient portals have become ubiquitous, questions remain about how best to operationalize parental/guardian access to youth's patient portals in alignment with optimizing HIV care outcomes and patient preferences. This qualitative study focuses on understanding perspectives among youth with HIV (YHIV) about parental access to patient portals.

Association of Adolescents' Body Mass Index Classification With Preventive Clinical Care Receipt.

Purpose: To examine differences in screening and advising for modifiable risk behaviors during well-visits based on adolescents' body mass index categories.

Methods: Retrospective analyses were conducted with the National Institute of Health's NEXT Generation Health Study data, a nationally representative cohort of 10th graders. In wave 1 (2010), adolescents were classified as being underweight (<4.

The Future of Sexually Transmitted Infection Research: Understanding Adolescent Perspectives for Implementation of a Chlamydia Vaccine.

Purpose: Despite advancements in developing a vaccine for Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), vaccine hesitancy has historically limited the adoption of sexually transmitted infection immunization. This report investigates adolescent perspectives toward a potential CT vaccine and vaccine research.

Methods: As part of the Technology Enhanced Community Health Nursing (TECH-N) study, conducted from 2012-2017, we surveyed 112 adolescents and young adults aged 13-25 years who presented with pelvic inflammatory disease regarding their perspectives on a CT vaccine and willingness to participate in vaccine research.

Correction: Desires for Individual- and Interpersonal-Level Patient Portal Use for HIV Prevention Among Urban Sexual Minority Men: Cross-sectional Study.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.2196/43550.].

The Perfect Storm: Perceptions of Influencing Adults Regarding Latino Teen Pregnancy in Rural Communities.

Introduction: Recognition of the importance of adolescents' environments in influencing their sexual and reproductive health (SRH) decision-making necessitates a deeper understanding of the role that community stakeholders play in shaping Adolescent and Young Adults (AYA) access to SRH education and care. We describe community stakeholders' knowledge, beliefs, and attitudes about AYA's SRH needs in three rural Latino communities in Kansas.

Methods: Key stakeholders completed a written survey incorporating the theory of Planned Behavior to assess attitudes, norms, and intentions to support AYA's SRH education and access to care.

Desires for Individual- and Interpersonal-Level Patient Portal Use for HIV Prevention Among Urban Sexual Minority Men: Cross-sectional Study.

Background: Gay, bisexual, and other sexual minority men have expressed the acceptability of patient portals as tools for supporting HIV prevention behaviors, including facilitating disclosure of HIV and other sexually transmitted infection (STI/HIV) laboratory test results to sex partners. However, these studies, in which Black or African American sexual minority men were undersampled, failed to determine the relationship of reported history of discussing HIV results with sex partners and anticipated willingness to disclose web-based STI/HIV test results using a patient portal.

Objective: Among a sample of predominantly Black sexual minority men, this study aimed to (1) determine preferences for patient portal use for HIV prevention and (2) test the associations between reported history of discussing HIV results and anticipated willingness to disclose web-based STI/HIV test results with most recent main and nonmain partners using patient portals.

Management of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease in Clinical Practice.

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is a common reproductive health disorder among women of reproductive age. The treatment of PID has slowly evolved, reflecting changing antibiotic susceptibility and advancements in therapeutics and research; however, it has been largely unchanged over the last several decades. The most recent treatment recommendations consider the severity of infection, clinical presentation, and the polymicrobial nature of the disease.

Community myths and misconceptions about sexual health in Tanzania: Stakeholders' views from a qualitative study in Dar es Salaam Tanzania.

Introduction: Sexual and reproductive health problems are one of the top five risk factors for disability in the developing world. The rates of sexual health problems in most African countries are overwhelming, which is why HIV and other STIs are still such a challenge in sub-Saharan Africa. Talking about sex in most African countries is a taboo, leading to common myths and misconceptions that ultimately impact community sexual health.

Understanding Perceived Risks and Sexual Behavior Among Adolescents and Young Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Purpose: We sought to describe the relationship between COVID-19 risk perception and sexual behaviors among urban adolescents and young adults (AYA).

Methods: Data were collected from 159 urban AYAs on COVID-19 risk perception, COVID-19 infections and deaths, romantic relationships, and sexual behavior during the stay-at-home order using a telephone survey.

Results: Seventy-nine percent of the study participants engaged in sexual intercourse during the stay-at-home order.

Disparities in Sexually Transmitted Infection/HIV Testing, Contraception, and Emergency Contraception Care Among Adolescent Sexual Minority Women Who Are Racial/Ethnic Minorities.

Purpose: Sexual minority women and racial/ethnic minority women in the United States are at increased risk for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and unintended pregnancy. Yet, we know little about STI/HIV testing and contraceptive care among women who have sex with women only and women who have sex with both women and men, and who are racial/ethnic minorities. This study examined receipt of STI/HIV testing and contraceptive care among sexually active adolescent women by sex of sexual contact(s) and race/ethnicity.