Molecular and biochemical evaluation of oxidative effects of cord blood CD34+ MPs on hematopoietic cells.

A graft source for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is umbilical cord blood, which contains umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells (MNCs and mesenchymal stem cells, both an excellent source of extracellular microparticles (MPs). MPs act as cell communication mediators, which are implicated in reactive oxygen species formation or detoxification depending on their origin. Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in both the development of cancer and its treatment by triggering apoptotic mechanisms, in which CD34+ cells are implicated.

Administration of probiotics affects metanauplii intestinal ultrastructure and offers resistance against a ssp induced oxidative stress response.

The effects of ssp (Phdp) on immune responses and intestinal ultrastructure of following infection and their amelioration by the probiotic bacteria and were evaluated. Pathogen growth inhibition in coculture with each probiotic and its virulence against were confirmed with an LC of 10 CFU mL. Phdp administration to at sublethal levels resulted in depletion of superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase, glutathione transferase and phenoloxidase activities, extensive lipid peroxidation and reduced survival.

Probiotic-Derived Bioactive Compounds in Colorectal Cancer Treatment.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a multifactorial disease with increased morbidity and mortality rates globally. Despite advanced chemotherapeutic approaches for the treatment of CRC, low survival rates due to the regular occurrence of drug resistance and deleterious side effects render the need for alternative anticancer agents imperative. Accumulating evidence supports that gut microbiota imbalance precedes the establishment of carcinogenesis, subsequently contributing to cancer progression and response to anticancer therapy.

Interactions of Bisphenol A with Artemia franciscana and the ameliorative effect of probiotics.

In the present study, the bidirectional interactions of Artemia franciscana with BPA, administered either alone or following treatment with the probiotics Bacillus subtilis, Lactococcus lactis or Lactobacillus plantarum, were evaluated. A 24 h exposure to BPA below LC induced oxidative stress to Artemia, indicated by diminished activity of superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase, glutathione transferase and phenoloxidase, increased lipid peroxidation and decreased survival. Probiotic treatment prior to BPA exposure, led to increased survival, reduced lipid peroxidation and increased enzyme activities.

Simultaneous Quantification of Bisphenol-A and 4-Tert-Octylphenol in the Live Aquaculture Feed and in Its Culture Medium Using HPLC-DAD.

Aquaculture, a mass supplier of seafood, relies on plastic materials that may contain the endocrine disruptors bisphenol-A (BPA) and tert-octylphenol (t-OCT). These pollutants present toxicity to , the live aquaculture feed, and are transferred through it to the larval stages of the cultured organisms. The purpose of this work is the development and validation of an analytical method to determine BPA and t-OCT in and their culture medium, using n-octylphenol as the internal standard.

Bisphenol A removal and degradation pathways in microorganisms with probiotic properties.

Bisphenol-A (BPA) is a constituent of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins, widely applied on food packaging materials. As BPA exposure results in health hazards, its efficient removal is of crucial importance. In our study five potentially probiotic microorganisms, namely Lactococcus lactis, Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus plantarum, Enterococcus faecalis, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, were tested for their toxicity tolerance to BPA and their BPA removal ability.

Characterization and Quantitative Determination of a Diverse Group of Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis NCIB 3610 Antibacterial Peptides.

Five antibacterial peptides produced by Bacillus subtilis NCIB 3610 were purified, quantified, characterized, and identified in the present study. Cell-free extracts were subjected to three purification protocols employing ammonium sulfate or organic solvent precipitation and their combination, followed by ion-exchange chromatography, solid-phase extraction, and preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The combined ammonium sulfate and organic solvent precipitation extraction protocol presented the best results for peptide purification.

β-Ν-Methylamino-L-alanine interferes with nitrogen assimilation in the cyanobacterium, non-BMAA producer, Synechococcus sp. TAU-MAC 0499.

The production of β-Ν-methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA) in cyanobacteria is triggered by nitrogen-starvation conditions and its biological role, albeit unknown, is associated with nitrogen assimilation. In the present study, the effect of BMAA (773 μg L) on nitrogen metabolism and physiology of the non-diazotrophic cyanobacterium and non-BMAA producer, Synechococcus sp. TAU-MAC 0499, was investigated.

Identification of bacteriocins secreted by the probiotic Lactococcus lactis following microwave-assisted acid hydrolysis (MAAH), amino acid content analysis, and bioinformatics.

A novel, generally applicable method of identifying peptides using HPLC, microwave-assisted acid hydrolysis (MAAH), and bioinformatics is described. Method validation was performed on bacteriocins-antibacterial peptides produced by probiotic bacteria-using nine different bacteriocin isolates secreted by the probiotic Lactococcus lactis. Calibration curves were constructed for 23 amino acid PTH derivatives, and analysis was performed using norleucine as the internal standard.

Defense systems in developing Artemia franciscana nauplii and their modulation by probiotic bacteria offer protection against a Vibrio anguillarum challenge.

The alterations of immune responses of Artemia franciscana nauplii as a function of culture time and after a challenge with the pathogen Vibrio anguillarum were studied. The effect of the administration of the probiotic bacteria Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactococcus lactis either alone or in combination with the pathogen was evaluated. The activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), Glutathione reductase (GRed), Glutathione transferase (GST) and Phenoloxidase (PO) presented a significant increase as a function of culture time, appeared elevated following probiotic administration and were depleted 48 h following the experimental challenge.

Monitoring of multiple bacteriocins through a developed dual extraction protocol and comparison of HPLC-DAD with turbidometry as their quantification system.

The present study describes the development of a simple and efficient screening system that allows identification and quantification of nine bacteriocins produced by Lactococcus lactis. Cell-free L. lactis extracts presented a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, including Gram-negative bacteria, Gram-positive bacteria, and fungi.

Evaluation of the probiotics Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus plantarum bioencapsulated in Artemia nauplii against vibriosis in European sea bass larvae (Dicentrarchus labrax, L.).

Two potential probiotics Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus plantarum were evaluated for use in aquaculture as preventive measures against vibriosis. In vitro evaluation of the probiotics using co-culture assays with the pathogen Vibrio anguillarum and testing for the production of antibacterial substances showed the presence of antagonism and confirmed the production of antibacterial substances. Both potential probiotics were administered to the live fish feed Artemia franciscana nauplii, offering protection against a subsequent challenge of the nauplii with the fish pathogen V.