Implementing surgical services in a rural, resource-limited setting: a study protocol.

Introduction: There are well-established protocols and procedures for the majority of common surgical diseases, yet surgical services remain largely inaccessible for much of the world's rural poor. Data on the process and outcome of surgical care expansion, however, are very limited, and the roll-out process of rural surgical implementation in particular has never been studied. Here, we propose the first implementation research study to assess the surgical scale-up process in the rural district of Achham, Nepal.

Relationship of perioperative hyperglycemia and postoperative infections in patients who undergo general and vascular surgery.

Objective: Evaluate the association of perioperative hyperglycemia and postoperative infections (POI) in patients who had undergone general surgery.

Background: Intensive glucose control leads to less postoperative infections (POI) in critically ill surgical patients, but the relationship of hyperglycemia and POI in a general surgical population remains unknown.

Methods: A retrospective study of 995 patients who had undergone general and vascular surgery investigated the association of perioperative acute hyperglycemia and risk of 30-day POI over an 18-month period.