Description of Specific Portals for Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Tenoscopy: Anatomical Safety Study.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to describe potential working portals positioned directly over the extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU) tendon and assess their safety in relation to the dorsal branch of the ulnar nerve (DBUN).

Methods: A descriptive anatomical study was conducted on 15 fresh human cadaver upper limbs. Five distinct portals over the ECU were examined, and the shortest distances from these portals to the DBUN were measured.

The legal and ethical framework governing body donation in Europe - 2nd update on current practice.

Background: In 2008, members of the TEPARG provided first insights into the legal and ethical framework governing body donation in Europe. In 2012, a first update followed. This paper is now the second update on this topic and tries to extend the available information to many more European countries.

Body Donation, Teaching, and Research in Dissection Rooms in Spain in Times of Covid-19.

The state of alarm due to Covid-19 pandemic in Spain stopped all educational and most university research activities. The Spanish Anatomical Society (SAE) Consensus Expert Group on Body Donations piloted a study based on a questionnaire to know the status of body donations and dissection activities during the lockdown, as well as the future implications of Covid-19 pandemic for body donation programs and anatomy teaching. The questionnaire results show that Spanish Universities refused body donations and stopped all dissection research and teaching.

[Head and neck paragangliomas. Embryological origin and anatomical characteristics: topographic distribution and vascularization pattern].

Paragangliomas are tumors that arise in the extraadrenal paraganglia and result from migration of neural crest cells during embryonic development. Based on their anatomical distribution, innervation and microscopic structure, these tumors can be classified into interrelated families: branchiomeric paraganglia (related to the branchial clefts and arches), intravagal, aortic-sympathetic and visceral-autonomic. Head and neck paragangliomas belong mainly to the first two of these families.