T-Cell Immune Responses in Newborns and Long-Term Sequelae in Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection (CYTRIC Study).

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the role of T-lymphocyte immune responses in newborns with congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection (cCMV) and their potential association with the development of long-term sequelae.

Study Design: A multicenter, prospective study from 2017 to 2022 was conducted across 8 hospitals in Spain. Blood samples were collected within the first month of life from neonates diagnosed with cCMV.

Antibiotic use in infants at risk of early-onset sepsis: results from a unicentric retrospective cohort study.

Background: Antibiotic use for early-onset sepsis represents a high percentage of antibiotic consumption in the neonatal setting. Measures to assess infants at risk of early-onset sepsis are needed to optimize antibiotic use. Our primary objective was to assess the impact of a departmental guideline on antibiotic use among term infants with suspected EOS not confirmed, in our neonatal unit.

Architectural design, facilities and family participation in neonatal units in Spain: A multicentre study.

Aim: The architecture of neonatal units plays a key role in developmental strategies and preterm outcomes. The aim was to evaluate the design of Spanish neonatal units and its impact on the participation of parents in neonatal care.

Methods: A web-based survey was sent to all level III Spanish neonatal units, including questions about hospital data, architectural design, facilities and family participation.

XIII International Conference on Kangaroo Mother Care - Different opinions, experiences and related KMC issues: Good practices, stabilisation concept, nutrition and basic respiratory support.

Aim: This study aimed to summarise the views and experiences of the participants in the workshop of the XIII International Conference on Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC).

Methods: The results of the discussions held during the workshop of the XIII International Conference on KMC were summarised. There were 152 participants from 47 countries.

Clinical outcomes and antibody transfer in a cohort of infants with in utero or perinatal exposure to SARS-CoV-2 (Coronascope Study).

Unlabelled: We aimed to describe the outcomes, focusing on the hearing and neurological development, of infants born to mothers with COVID-19 during pregnancy and to evaluate the persistence of maternal antibodies in the first months of life. An observational, prospective study at a tertiary hospital in Madrid (Spain) on infants born to mothers with COVID-19 during pregnancy between March and September 2020 was conducted. A follow-up visit at 1-3 months of age with a physical and neurological examination, cranial ultrasound (cUS), SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR on nasopharyngeal swab, and SARS-CoV-2 serology were performed.

Prenatal Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator Modulator Therapy: A Promising Way to Change the Impact of Cystic Fibrosis.

Introduction: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a potentially severe disease. The development of new therapies with cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulators has been a great advance in the management of this condition because they improve the function of the faulty CFTR protein rather than palliate its consequences. CFTR modulator therapy improves pancreatic and lung function and, therefore, quality of life, with greater benefits the sooner treatment is started.

Antimicrobial Defined Daily Dose in Neonatal Population: Validation in the Clinical Practice.

Background: Currently, there is no validated method for estimating antimicrobial consumption in the neonatal population, as it exists for adults using Defined Daily Doses (DDD). In neonatology, although there are different methods, each one with advantages and disadvantages, there is no unified criterion for use. The aim of this study is to validate the neonatal DDD designed as a new standardised form of antimicrobial consumption over this population.

Feasibility of three-dimensional nasal imaging and printing in producing customized nasal masks for non-invasive ventilation in extremely low birth weight infant: A pilot study.

72Several studies have been conducted to investigate the feasibility of customized nasal masks produced by three-dimensional (3D) facial imaging and printing for continuous positive airway pressure in adults and in premature mannequin. In addition to replicating the entire process, we applied the customized nasal mask to a premature patient who weighed less than 1,000 g. Facial scanning was performed.

Randomized Trial on Echocardiography-Guided Ductus Arteriosus Treatment to Reduce Necrotizing Enterocolitis.

Objective: Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) approach remains controversial. We aim to evaluate whether echocardiography-guided (EchoG) PDA closure (to reduce drug exposure) and 24-h continuous ibuprofen infusion (24 h-IB) (to reduce peak concentration), compared with EchoG PDA closure plus conventional bolus (bolus-IB), reduces severe bowel adverse event rate in preterm infants with hemodynamically significant (hs) PDA.

Study Design: The study design is a multicenter, blinded, randomized controlled trial.

Effect of intrahospital growth rate on somatometric measurements at 2 years old in children with a birth weight of less than 1500 grams.

Objective: To determine the association between intrahospital growth rate (GR) and breast milk fortification and somatometry, and risk for death after discharge or severe disability at 2 years of corrected age (CA).

Population And Method: Retrospective analysis of GR and subsequent course. Infants born in the 1990-2015 period with a birth weight < 1500 g were included.

[Breastfeeding practices in neonatal wards in Spain. Neo-BFHI international survey].

Introduction: In 2017, a worldwide survey was conducted on compliance with the practices promoted by Neo-BFHI (Baby-friendly Hospital Initiative expansion to neonatal wards).

Objective: Present the results of the Spanish wards that participated in the global survey and compare them with those obtained internationally.

Material And Methods: Cross-sectional study through a survey on compliance with the Neo-BFHI ("Three basic principles", "Ten steps adapted to neonatal wards" and "the compliance with the International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes" and subsequent relevant World Health Assembly resolutions).

Safety of tocilizumab in COVID-19 pregnant women and their newborn: A retrospective study.

What Is Known And Objective: Tocilizumab is an IL-6 receptor inhibitor agent which has been proposed as a candidate to stop the inflammatory phase of infection by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). However, safety data of tocilizumab in pregnant women and their newborn are scarce. We aimed to describe maternal and neonatal safety outcomes associated with tocilizumab treatment in pregnant women with severe COVID-19.

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Vertical Transmission from an Asymptomatic Mother.

In utero transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection is a point of debate. We report a case of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 vertical transmission from asymptomatic mother, with molecular detection in mother's blood at delivery and neonatal nasopharyngeal swabs at 5 and 28 hours of life and later IgG seroconversion. The newborn was asymptomatic.

Percutaneous Inserted Venous Catheter via Femoral Vein in Extremely Low-Birth-Weight Infants: A Single-Center Experience.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the applicability of the insertion of small diameter catheters through the femoral vein in extremely low-birth-weight (ELBW) infants.

Study Design: All femoral small diameter catheters (Silastic or femoral arterial catheter [FAC]) inserted in ELBW infants in a tertiary level neonatal intensive care unit were retrospectively reviewed. Success rate, dwelling time, and percutaneously inserted central venous catheter-related complications were recorded.

Topiramate plus Cooling for Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy: A Randomized, Controlled, Multicenter, Double-Blinded Trial.

Background And Objectives: Therapeutic interventions to improve the efficacy of whole-body cooling for hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) are desirable. Topiramate has been effective in reducing brain damage in experimental studies. However, in the clinical setting information is limited to a small number of feasibility trials.

Congenital Laser-Induced Burns: A Potential Complication after Laser Photocoagulation in Monochorionic Twin Pregnancy.

Fetoscopic laser photocoagulation can directly injure fetal skin and may at birth resemble aplasia cutis congenita (ACC). A twin monochorionic pregnancy was complicated by twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome requiring in utero laser photocoagulation, resulting in the death of one twin. After birth, the viable baby presented skin lesions in both legs that were congruent with laser-induced burns.

Evolution of Energy Related Metabolites in Plasma from Newborns with Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy during Hypothermia Treatment.

Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) initiated within 6 h from birth is the most effective therapeutic approach for moderate to severe hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). However, underlying mechanisms and effects on the human metabolism are not yet fully understood. This work aims at studying the evolution of several energy related key metabolites in newborns with HIE undergoing TH employing gas chromatography - mass spectrometry.

[More than 3 hours and less than 3 years: Safety of anaesthetic procedures in infants less than 3 years old subected to surgery for more the 3 hours].

An FDA alert in December 2016 on the safety of general anesthesia and sedations in patients less than 3 years of age and pregnant women has raised doubts in relation to the attitude that professionals implicated in these procedures should adopt in relation to these specific group of patients. Confronted with this situation, the following medical scientific societies: Sociedad Española de Anestesia y Reanimación (SEDAR), Sociedad Española de Cirugía Pediátrica (SECP), Sociedad Española de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos (SECIP) y Sociedad Española de Neonatología (SENeo), have established a working group to analyze and clarify the safety of these techniques. In the present article we conclude that at present both general anesthesia and profound sedation are considered safe procedures because there is no evidence of the opposite in studies with human beings.

[Real-time safety audits in a neonatal unit].

Background: Random audits are a safety tool to help in the prevention of adverse events, but they have not been widely used in hospitals. The aim of the study was to determine, through random safety audits, whether the information and material required for resuscitation were available for each patient in a neonatal intensive care unit and determine if factors related to the patient, time or location affect the implementation of the recommendations.

Material And Methods: Prospective observational study conducted in a level III-C neonatal intensive care unit during the year 2012.