Oral and non-oral lichen planus show genetic heterogeneity and differential risk for autoimmune disease and oral cancer.

Lichen planus (LP) is a T-cell-mediated inflammatory disease affecting squamous epithelia in many parts of the body, most often the skin and oral mucosa. Cutaneous LP is usually transient and oral LP (OLP) is most often chronic, so we performed a large-scale genetic and epidemiological study of LP to address whether the oral and non-oral subgroups have shared or distinct underlying pathologies and their overlap with autoimmune disease. Using lifelong records covering diagnoses, procedures, and clinic identity from 473,580 individuals in the FinnGen study, genome-wide association analyses were conducted on carefully constructed subcategories of OLP (n = 3,323) and non-oral LP (n = 4,356) and on the combined group.

Oral erythroplakia and oral erythroplakia-like oral squamous cell carcinoma - what's the difference?

Background: Oral erythroplakia (OE) is a rare oral potentially malignant disorder, that has a high rate of malignant transformation. The definition of OE still lacks uniformity. In particular, lesions that look clinically like erythroplakias, but are histopathologically diagnosed as squamous cell carcinomas are still sometimes called erythroplakias.

Lichenoid lesions of the upper labial mucosa: a systematic review and a report of a new case with extensive follow-up.

Objectives: The paper reports the demographic characteristics of patients with lichenoid lesions affecting only the upper labial mucosa, with or without associated lesions in the maxillary anterior gingiva, alongside the lesions' clinical and histopathological features, treatment, follow-up and prognosis. Also, a new case with lengthy follow-up is presented.

Materials And Methods: A systematic review was performed in line with PRISMA guidelines.

Biopsy quality is essential for preoperative prognostication in oral tongue cancer.

A role for incisional biopsy in preoperative prognostication is increasingly being advocated in oral tongue squamous cell carcinomas (OTSCC). Biopsies at two locations were compared, and prognostic factors in biopsies and their corresponding resections were evaluated. A total of 138 OTSCC biopsy slides from Finland and Saudi Arabia were compared for size (horizontal and vertical) and invasive front.

Fluctuating role of antimicrobial peptide hCAP18/LL‑37 in oral tongue dysplasia and carcinoma.

Oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC), the most common cancer in the oral cavity, is aggressive and its incidence is increasing globally. Human host defense cationic antimicrobial peptide‑18/antimicrobial peptide leucine‑leucine‑37 (hCAP18/LL‑37) plays a complex role in various types of cancers. In the present study, we characterized the effects of exogenous LL‑37 on three OTSCC cell lines and determined the expression of hCAP18/LL‑37 in oral dysplastic and OTSCC patient samples.

No detection of TSH or TSHR in oral lichen planus lesions in patients with or without hypothyroidism.

An association between hypothyroidism (HT) and oral lichen planus (OLP) has been reported. However, the mechanisms that could explain this association remain unresolved. This study aimed to evaluate the expression of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) in healthy oral mucosa and in OLP lesions of individuals with and without HT.

Alterations in the expression of EMT-related proteins claudin-1, claudin-4 and claudin-7, E-cadherin, TWIST1 and ZEB1 in oral lichen planus.

Background: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic T-cell-mediated inflammatory disease, which is associated with increased risk of developing oral squamous cell carcinoma. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition is a physiological phenomenon occurring during growth and organogenesis, but it has also an important role in tumorigenesis. In the present work, we studied the expression of known epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition markers in oral lichen planus.

Immune checkpoints indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 and programmed death-ligand 1 in oral mucosal dysplasia.

Background: Oral mucosal dysplasia is a histologic feature of potentially malignant disorders that is associated with the risk of transformation to carcinoma. Dysplastic cells use many strategies during their transformation to cancer, including escape from the immune mediated destruction. We hypothesized that adaptive immunity is inhibited by activation of distinct immune checkpoint molecules, such as indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1).

Oral lichen sclerosus: a systematic review of reported cases and two new cases.

Lichen sclerosus (LS) is a chronic inflammatory mucocutaneous disease with uncertain etiology. It occurs as white plaque-like lesions mostly in the anogenital skin. Oral mucosal involvement is extremely rare.

Evaluation of the budding and depth of invasion (BD) model in oral tongue cancer biopsies.

It is of great clinical importance to identify simple prognostic markers from preoperative biopsies that could guide treatment planning. Here, we compared tumor budding (B), depth of invasion (D), and the combined scores (i.e.

Histamine H receptor signalling in tongue cancer and its potential role in oral carcinogenesis - a short report.

Purpose: Recent reports indicate that histamine and its novel, high-affinity histamine H receptor (HR) play a role in carcinogenesis, and thus HR signalling has become a focus of increasing interest in the pathogenesis of many cancers. The roles of HR in oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) and oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC) are unknown. The purpose of this study was to assess HR expression in OTSCC patients and in OTSCC-derived cell lines.

Cathepsin K expression is increased in oral lichen planus.

Background: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is an idiopathic T-cell-mediated mucosal inflammatory disease. Cathepsin K (Cat K) is one of the lysosomal cysteine proteases. It is involved in many pathological conditions, including osteoporosis and cancer.

Altered expression of hyaluronan, HAS1-2, and HYAL1-2 in oral lichen planus.

Background: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is an immune-mediated mucosal disease of unclear etiology and of unresolved pathogenesis. Hyaluronan (HA) is an extracellular matrix glycosaminoglycan involved in inflammation and tumor progression. However, its presence in OLP has not been reported.

Claudins 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7 in solar keratosis and squamocellular carcinoma of the skin.

Claudins are tight junction proteins regulating the paracellular permeability of cell layers. We investigated the expression of claudins 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7 in a sample set consisting of a total of 93 cases representing normal skin, actinic keratoses and squamous cell carcinomas of the skin. There were several changes found in claudin expression.

TLR4 and TLR9 are induced in oral lichen planus.

Background: The role of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) has been elucidated in many human infectious, autoimmune and neoplastic diseases. Previously, TLR2 and TLR4 expression in oral lichen planus (OLP) was described. The aim of our study was to examine expression patterns of TLR4 and TLR9 in normal oral mucosa and OLP and describe the effect of topical tacrolimus treatment on the expression of TLR4 and TLR9 in OLP.

Pain and pain behavior in burning mouth syndrome: a pain diary study.

Aims: To characterize pain related to primary burning mouth syndrome (BMS) in terms of intensity, interference, and distress caused by the pain, as well as factors influencing the pain across a period of 2 weeks, and to study the use of coping and management strategies on a daily basis.

Methods: Fifty-two female patients with primary BMS completed a 2-week pain diary. Pain intensity, interference, distress, and mood on a 0 to 10 numeric rating scale (NRS), as well as pain amplifying and alleviating factors, were recorded three times a day.

Multifocal lateral periodontal cysts: a report of 4 cases and review of the literature.

Lateral periodontal cyst (LPC) is a developmental jaw cyst of odontogenic origin. It has characteristic histopathologic features that are identical to those seen in the peripherally occurring gingival cyst of adults (GCA). The polycystic variant of LPC is termed the botryoid odontogenic cyst (BOC).

Association of oral lichen planus with thyroid disease in a Finnish population: a retrospective case-control study.

Objective: The objective of this study was to estimate the association between the history of thyroid disease and the prevalence of oral lichen planus (OLP)/oral lichenoid lesions (OLL).

Study Design: This was a retrospective case-control study using data from the medical records of 222 OLP/OLL patients and 222 age- and sex-matched controls who had visited the Institute of Dentistry, University of Oulu or the Oral and Maxillofacial Department, Oulu University Hospital, from 1992 to 2001. Clinical characteristics of OLP/OLL lesions, other oral mucosal diseases, presence of cutaneous LP, history of allergies, medical history, and the use of regular medications were recorded.

Sialometaplasia of the soft palate in a 2-year-old girl.

A case of sialometaplasia of the soft palate is reported in a 2-year-old girl three months after she had an adenoidectomy. Dental practitioners should be aware of the possible causes of intraoral swellings in both children and adults. The appearance of some conditions in children may differ from their characteristic appearance in adults.

Healing of extraction sockets in collagenase-2 (matrix metalloproteinase-8)-deficient mice.

Matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) participates in skin wound healing and inflammation. We hypothesized that MMP-8 plays a role in wound healing after tooth extraction and in periapical inflammation. Bone formation, collagen metabolism, and inflammation in tooth extraction socket and in periapical lesions were analyzed in wild-type mice and in MMP-8-deficient (MMP-8(-/-)) mice.

Widening of the inferior alveolar canal: a case report with atypical lymphocytic infiltration of the nerve.

Widening of the inferior alveolar (mandibular) canal is a rare radiological finding. It is most often associated with neurofibromatosis. Rarely, a malignant process such as lymphoma may cause ill-defined enlargement of the mandibular canal.

Sialometaplasia of the soft palate in a 2-year-old girl.

A case of sialometaplasia of the soft palate is reported in a 2-year-old girl 3 months after she had an adenoidectomy. Dental practitioners should be aware of the possible causes of intraoral swellings in both children and adults. The appearance of some conditions in children may differ from their characteristic appearance in adults.

Multiple orofacial intraneural perineuriomas in a patient with hemifacial hyperplasia.

Perineurioma is a rare benign nerve sheath tumor derived of perineurial cells. There are two main types of perineurioma which differ histologically and clinically: intraneural and extraneural (soft tissue) perineurioma. Intraoral perineurioma is extremely rare.