Publications by authors named "Maria Salman"

Disease screening aims to identify individuals at risk for specific conditions. It is expected that an early detection allows for early intervention, with improved outcomes. However, large scale screening programs may not only have implications on resources, patient outcomes may not improve but may worsen if screening for the targeted disease has not been carefully designed and executed.

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Background: Electrolytes (sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, chloride, phosphate) are required in specific amounts for proper functioning of the human body. Although the body has different organ systems, such as the kidneys, that regulate electrolyte levels in the blood, electrolyte abnormalities occur frequently in people with eating disorders. The objective of this review will be to examine the association between electrolyte imbalances and adverse outcomes in people with eating disorders.

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Wilson disease is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder of copper metabolism that leads to copper accumulation and subsequent organ dysfunction. While classically considered a condition that primarily affects the liver and nervous system, Wilson disease and its treatments can also result in a wide range of kidney complications as well. We present the case of a 31-year-old female with a longstanding (> 10 year) history of Wilson disease who developed acute-onset nephrotic syndrome including heavy proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, and edema after being transitioned from zinc to D-penicillamine for copper chelation therapy.

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Article Synopsis
  • Clinicians often rely on estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) to guide medication dosing for kidney transplant recipients (KTRs), but the most effective eGFR equations for this purpose are still unclear.
  • A study of 415 stable KTRs in Canada and New Zealand compared various eGFR equations, looking at factors such as medication dosing accuracy relative to established metrics like Cockcroft-Gault creatinine clearance and measured GFR.
  • Results indicated that using nonindexed eGFR equations (which consider actual body surface area) significantly reduced medication dosing errors, especially in obese patients, and highlighted the superiority of specific recent equations for accurate dosing guidance.
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Background: Equity, diversity and inclusion (EDI) in the healthcare field are crucial in meeting the healthcare needs of a progressively diverse society. In fact, a diverse healthcare workforce enables culturally sensitive care, promotes health equity and enhances the understanding of various needs and patients' viewpoints, potentially resulting in more effective patient treatment and improved patient outcomes. Despite this, information on the effectiveness of policies or programmes promoting EDI in health institutions is scarce.

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Article Synopsis
  • Social determinants of health, like education, employment, marital status, and living situation, significantly affect whether patients with chronic kidney disease choose haemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis.
  • A study of 981 patients showed that lower levels of education and being unemployed reduced the likelihood of selecting peritoneal dialysis, while being single and living alone also had similar negative impacts on this decision.
  • The findings suggest that addressing these social factors could help improve access and outcomes for patients transitioning from advanced chronic kidney disease to kidney failure.
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Background: Peer-assisted learning (PAL) using peer-led web-based platforms (PWPs), including social media, can be a highly effective method of supporting medical trainees. PWPs, such as mobile apps for sharing anesthesia resources and social media groups or discussion forums pertaining to anesthesia training, may play a role in facilitating anesthesia trainee-led web-based education. However, there have been many challenges facing anesthesia trainees when it comes to incorporating PWPs, especially social media and mobile apps for PAL.

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Sensorimotor integration refers to the process of combining incoming sensory information with outgoing motor commands to control movement. Short-latency afferent inhibition (SAI), and long-latency afferent inhibition (LAI) are neurophysiological measures of sensorimotor integration collected using transcranial magnetic stimulation. No studies to date have investigated the influence of tactile discrimination training on these measures.

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Cis-Diamminedichloroplatinum II- (CP-) induced neurotoxicity is one of the least explored aspects of this drug. Dorsal root ganglia (DRG) cells are considered as the primary target, and their damage plays a vital role in pathogenesis and etiology of CP-induced neurotoxicity. The present study is aimed at confirming if riboflavin (RF) has any protective role in shielding the DRG from CP-induced toxicity.

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Cisplatin used in treatment of solid tumor induces oxidative stress which leads to hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. New strategies are therefore needed to combat toxicity and optimize its therapeutic potential. Riboflavin (VitaminB2) under photoillumination works as an anti proliferative agent and induces apoptosis.

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Cyclophosphamide (CYC) is a known chemotherapeutic drug used widely for the treatment of leukemias, lymphomas and some solid tumors. Copper is an essential constituent of chromatin and its level is usually elevated in various malignancies. Combined modality chemotherapy involves the use of drug with other components for cancer treatment, such as radiation therapy or surgery.

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