PET/CT and PET/MRI in ophthalmic oncology (Review).

Orbital and ocular anatomy is quite complex, consisting of several tissues, which can give rise to both benign and malignant tumors, while several primary neoplasms can metastasize to the orbital and ocular space. Early detection, accurate staging and re‑staging, efficient monitoring of treatment response, non‑invasive differentiation between benign and malignant lesions, and accurate planning of external radiation treatment, are of utmost importance for the optimal and individualized management of ophthalmic oncology patients. Addressing these challenges requires the employment of several diagnostic imaging techniques, such as high‑definition digital fundus photography, ultrasound imaging, optical coherence tomography, optical coherence tomography (OCT)‑angiography, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).