Ginsenosides in cancer: Targeting cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.

Despite the existence of extensive clinical research and novel therapeutic treatments, cancer remains undefeated and the significant cause of death worldwide. Cancer is a disease in which growth of cells goes out of control, being also able to invade other parts of the body. Cellular division is strictly controlled by multiple checkpoints like G1/S and G2/M which, when dysregulated, lead to uncontrollable cell division.

A clindamycin acetylated derivative with reduced antibacterial activity inhibits articular hyperalgesia and edema by attenuating neutrophil recruitment, NF-κB activation and tumor necrosis factor-α production.

We recently demonstrated that clindamycin exhibits activities in acute and chronic models of pain and inflammation. In the present study, we investigated the effects of clindamycin and a clindamycin acetylated derivative (CAD) in models of acute joint inflammation and in a microbiological assay. Joint inflammation was induced in mice by intraarticular (i.

Phenolics Profiling by HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS of the Scientific Unknown Michx. and Its Antioxidant and Anti-Methicillin-Resistant Activities.

Michx. is an Asian native plant species that is also widely distributed in the Americas. Despite its traditional uses, is scarcely scientifically exploited.

Less. (Asteraceae Bercht. & Presl), a Natural Source of Bioactive Compounds with Antibiotic Effect against Multidrug-Resistant .

is a medicinal plant used to treat many disorders, including infectious diseases. This study investigated the chemical constituents and the antibacterial activity of leaf rinse extract (Vp-LRE). The chemical characterization of Vp-LRE was established using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC/Q-TOF-MS), and glaucolide A was identified through H and C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass fragmentation.

Uncovering the Anticancer Potential of Polydatin: A Mechanistic Insight.

Polydatin or 3--β-d-resveratrol-glucopyranoside (PD), a stilbenoid component of (Polygonaceae), has a variety of biological roles. In traditional Chinese medicine, extracts are used for the treatment of infections, inflammation, and cardiovascular disorders. Polydatin possesses a broad range of biological activities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, and immunostimulatory effects.

Chemical characterisation by UPLC-Q-ToF-MS/MS and antibacterial potential of Coffea arabica L. leaves: A coffee by-product.

Introduction: Coffea arabica L. leaves are considered a by-product of the coffee industry however they are sources of several bioactive compounds.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the chemical composition and the in vitro antibacterial activity of the lyophilised ethanol extract of arabica coffee leaves (EE-CaL).

Bioactive compounds: a goldmine for defining new strategies against pathogenic bacterial biofilms?

Most human infectious diseases are caused by microorganisms growing as biofilms. These three-dimensional self-organized communities are embedded in a dense matrix allowing microorganisms to persistently inhabit abiotic and biotic surfaces due to increased resistance to both antibiotics and effectors of the immune system. Consequently, there is an urgent need for novel strategies to control biofilm-associated infections.

Mitracarpus frigidus (Rubiaceae) inhibits inflammatory and oxidative stress mediators in Salmonella sp. mouse infection.

Objectives: Evaluation of the in-vivo anti-inflammatory activity of the methanolic extract obtained from the aerial parts of Mitracarpus frigidus (MFM) in the infection caused by two Salmonella strains and its chemical fingerprint by UFLC-quadrupole time of flight-MS.

Methods: The efficacy of MFM was investigated in a classical in-vivo Salmonella infection mouse model. A Salmonella reference strain (ATCC 13311) and a clinical isolate were used to infect mice and then MFM was orally administered during 14 days.

Evolution of altitudinal migration in passerines is linked to diet.

Bird migration is typically associated with a latitudinal movement from north to south and vice versa. However, many bird species migrate seasonally with an upslope or downslope movement in a process termed altitudinal migration. Globally, 830 of the 6,579 Passeriformes species are considered altitudinal migrants and this pattern has emerged multiple times across 77 families of this order.

Copaiba oil suppresses inflammation in asthmatic lungs of BALB/c mice induced with ovalbumin.

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease that represents high hospitalizations and deaths in world. Copaiba oil (CO) is popularly used for relieving asthma symptoms and has already been shown to be effective in many inflammation models. This study aimed to investigate the immunomodulatory relationship of CO in ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic asthma.

Cambess., a Promising Natural Source of Antioxidant and Antibiotic Agents against Multidrug-Resistant Pathogens for the Treatment of Gastroenteritis.

Cambess. is a native Brazilian plant popularly known as "saião", and the juice of its fresh leaves is traditionally used to treat several disorders, including inflammatory and infectious processes such as dysentery. The goals of this study were to characterize the phytochemical composition and investigate the antioxidant activity, the antibiotic effect, and the mode of action against of the hydroethanolic extracts from leaves collected in the summer and spring Brazilian seasons.

Diversity of clonal types of Klebsiella pneumoniae causing infections in intensive care neonatal patients in a large urban setting.

Background: Klebsiella infections are reported from neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) worldwide, but data on their incidence and genetic diversity remain scarce.

Objective: We determined the incidence and genetic diversity of Klebsiella infections in NICU patients in Rio de Janeiro.

Methods: This was a prospective study including newborns admitted to NICU in three hospitals during April 2005-November 2006 and March 2008-February 2009.

A promising antibiotic, synergistic and antibiofilm effects of Vernonia condensata Baker (Asteraceae) on Staphylococcus aureus.

Vernonia condensata Baker is traditionally used to treat several inflammatory and infectious processes. So, this study evaluated the antibiotic, synergistic and antibiofilm effects, and the mode of action of ethyl acetate fraction from V. condensata leaves (Vc-EAF) against Staphylococcus aureus.

Methyl Chavicol and Its Synthetic Analogue as Possible Antioxidant and Antilipase Agents Based on the and In Silico Assays.

This study investigated the and in silico biological properties of the methyl chavicol (MC) and its analogue 2-[(4-methoxyphenyl)methyl]oxirane (MPMO), emphasizing the antioxidant and antilipase effects. MPMO was synthesized from MC that reacted with -chloroperbenzoic acid and, after separation and purification, was identified by H and C NMR and GC-MS. The antioxidant activity was investigated by DPPH, cooxidation -carotene/linoleic acid, and thiobarbituric acid assays.

New aspects on the hepatoprotective potential associated with the antioxidant, hypocholesterolemic and anti-inflammatory activities of Vernonia condensata Baker.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Vernonia condensata Baker (Asteraceae) is traditionally used in South American Countries as an anti-inflammatory, analgesic and hepatoprotective.

Aim Of The Study: This study aimed to investigate the in vivo hepatoprotective and antioxidant, and the in vitro anti-inflammatory activities of the ethyl acetate partition (EAP) from the ethanolic extract of this medicinal plant leaves.

Materials And Methods: For the in vivo hepatoprotective activity, rats were pretreated orally for seven days with vehicle, silymarin 100mg/kg or EAP 50, 100 and 200mg/kg.

Evidence of Bioactive Compounds from Vernonia polyanthes Leaves with Topical Anti-Inflammatory Potential.

Less. (Asteraceae), popularly known as "assa-peixe", is a plant species used in Brazilian traditional medicine for the treatment of cutaneous damage, cicatrization, inflammation, and rheumatism. Based on these ethnopharmacological findings, the current study evaluated the topical anti-inflammatory effects of the hexane (HEVP) and ethyl acetate (EAEVP) extracts from leaves in experimental models of skin inflammation.

Bioactivities of the ethanol extract from Ageratum fastigiatum branches: antioxidant, antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory.

The present study was designed to investigate the antioxidant, antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of the ethanol extract from Ageratum fastigiatum branches. Phytochemical screening and total phenol and flavonoid contents were determined. The antioxidant activity was assessed by 2,2-diphenyl-1-pycrilhydrazin (DPPH) and iron reducing power methods.

Anti-inflammatory effects of Bryophyllum pinnatum (Lam.) Oken ethanol extract in acute and chronic cutaneous inflammation.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Bryophyllum pinnatum (Lam.) Oken (Crassulaceae), popularly known in Brazil as "folha-da-fortuna", is a plant species used in folk medicine for the external and internal treatment of inflammation, infection, wound, burn, boil, ulcers and gastritis, and several other diseases. The present study aimed to perform the chemical characterization and the evaluation of the topical anti-inflammatory effect of the ethanol extract of Bryophyllum pinnatum leaves (EEBP) in acute and chronic mice ear edema models induced by different irritant agents.

Vernonia condensata Baker (Asteraceae): a promising source of antioxidants.

The present study evaluated the antioxidant potential of Vernonia condensata Baker (Asteraceae). Dried and powdered leaves were exhaustively extracted with ethanol by static maceration followed by partition to obtain the hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and butanol fractions. Total phenols and flavonoids contents were determined through spectrophotometry and flavonoids were identified by HPLC-DAD system.

Hepatic trauma: a 21-year experience.

Objective: To evaluate the epidemiological aspects, behavior, morbidity and treatment outcomes for liver trauma.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of patients over 13 years of age admitted to a university hospital from 1990 to 2010, submitted to surgery or nonoperative management (NOM).

Results: 748 patients were admitted with liver trauma.

Effect of telmisartan on levels of IL-1, TNF-α, down-regulated COX-2, MMP-2, MMP-9 and RANKL/RANK in an experimental periodontitis model.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of telmisartan (TELM) on inflammation, oxidation and the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and the expression RANKL/RANK/OPG in the periodontal tissue of a rat model for ligature-induced periodontitis.

Materials And Methods: Male Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into five groups of 10 rats each: (i) non-ligated, given water; (ii) ligated, given water; (iii) ligated, given 1 mg/kg TELM; (iv) ligated, given 5 mg/kg TELM; and (v) ligated, given 10 mg/kg TELM. All groups were treated with saline or TELM for 10 days.

Chemical composition and biological activities of essential oils of Eremanthus erythropappus (DC) McLeisch (Asteraceae).

The chemical composition of the essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation of different parts of Eremanthus erythropappus, including leaves, branches and inflorescences, was investigated by Gas Chromatography and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry. The antimicrobial activity of the oils was assessed by the disc diffusion and microdilution methods, while the antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH and reducing power tests. The main compounds found in the essential oils derived from the inflorescences and leaves were β-caryophyllene, germacrene-D, α-copaene and β-pinene.

Canine ocular thelaziosis caused by Thelazia callipaeda in Portugal.

Ocular thelaziosis caused by Thelazia callipaeda is a vector-borne disease affecting dogs and humans. We report a case of thelaziosis in a 10-year-old German Shepherd dog from Vila Real city (Portugal). Ophthalmological examination revealed bulbar and nictitating membrane conjunctival hyperemia with serous discharge noted at the left medial canthus and blepharitis.

Chemical composition and biological activities of the essential oils from Duguetia lanceolata St. Hil. barks.

Essential oils of Duguetia lanceolata barks, obtained at 2 (T2) and 4 h (T4), were identified by gas chromatography and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. β-elemene (12.7 and 14.