Unravelling the immunomodulatory role of apple phenolic rich extracts on human THP-1- derived macrophages using multiplatform metabolomics.

Apples represent a significant source of dietary phenolic compounds with evidenced anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities. Nevertheless, the effect of the whole apple matrix on human macrophages is unknown. In this context, our study attempts to evaluate the effect of apple-derived phenolic compounds-rich extracts (pulp, peel and leaf) on IL-1β production in THP-1-differentiated macrophages and derived metabolic alterations through untargeted metabolomics.

New-Level Insights into the Effects of Grape Seed Polyphenols on the Intestinal Processing and Transport of a Celiac Disease Immunodominant Peptide.

The effect of three dietary tannins (procyanidin B3, B6, and T2) on the bioavailability of the 32-mer gliadin-derived immunogenic peptide was evaluated. An enterocyte-like Caco-2 cell line was used to mimic the epithelial transport of the 32-mer peptide, which was modeled by kinetic parameters with a mass spectrometry approach. The hydrolysis pattern on the enterocytes was analyzed, and the released peptides were quantified during the assay.

Metabolomics Insights of the Immunomodulatory Activities of Phlorizin and Phloretin on Human THP-1 Macrophages.

Dihydrochalcones, phlorizin (PZ) and its aglycone phloretin (PT), have evidenced immunomodulatory effects through several mechanisms. However, the differential metabolic signatures that lead to these properties are largely unknown. Since macrophages play an important role in the immune response, our study aimed to characterise human THP-1 macrophages under PZ and PT exposure.

A Critical Review of the Characterization of Polyphenol-Protein Interactions and of Their Potential Use for Improving Food Quality.

Background: Interest in protein-phenol interactions in biological systems has grown substantially in recent decades.

Methods: The interest has focused largely on food systems in response to reports on the prominent roles of phenolic compounds in nutrition and health.

Results: Phenolic compounds can have both favourable and adverse nutritional effects.

Interaction study between wheat-derived peptides and procyanidin B3 by mass spectrometry.

Tannins have the ability to complex and precipitate proteins, being particularly reactive towards the proline-rich ones. The main structural feature of the wheat peptides responsible for the onset of Celiac Disease (CD) is their high content in proline residues. The aim of this work was to characterize the binding between a common food tannin (procyanidin B3) and different wheat-derived peptidic fractions.

New procyanidin B3-human salivary protein complexes by mass spectrometry. Effect of salivary protein profile, tannin concentration, and time stability.

Several factors could influence the tannin-protein interaction such as the human salivary protein profile, the tannin tested, and the tannin/protein ratio. The goal of this study aims to study the effect of different salivas (A, B, and C) and different tannin concentrations (0.5 and 1 mg/mL) on the interaction process as well as the complex's stability over time.