Evaluation of the effectiveness of a bMSC and BMP-2 polymeric trilayer system in cartilage repair.

In this study a poly(lactide-co-glycolide) acid (PLGA) tri-layer scaffold is proposed for cartilage repair. The trilayer system consists of a base layer formed by a tablet of PLGA microspheres, a second layer composed of a microsphere suspension placed on top of the tablet, and the third layer, which constitutes an external electrospun PLGA thin polymeric membrane. Combinations of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) encapsulated in the microspheres of the suspension layer, and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (bMSC) seeded on the electrospun membrane, are evaluated by histologic analyses and immunohistochemistry in a critical size osteochondral defect in rabbits.

Biodistribution of radiolabeled polyglutamic acid and PEG-polyglutamic acid nanocapsules.

Recently we reported the development of 100nm polyglutamic acid (PGA)-based nanocapsules, which were intended to carry anticancer drugs to the lymphatic system (Abellan-Pose et al., 2016). In this work, the objective was to further assess the potential "lympho-targeting" properties of radiolabeled In-PGA and In-PGA-PEG, following intravenous or subcutaneous administration.

BMP-2, PDGF-BB, and bone marrow mesenchymal cells in a macroporous β-TCP scaffold for critical-size bone defect repair in rats.

The aim of this work was to study the bone repair induced by bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), rat mesenchymal stem cells (rMSCs), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF-BB) incorporated in a macroporous beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) system fabricated by robocasting, and to identify the most beneficial combination in a critical rat calvaria defect. BMP-2 was formulated in microspheres to provide a prolonged, local concentration, whereas PDGF-BB, which acts during the initial stage of defect repair, was incorporated in a thin layer of crosslinked alginate. Approximately 80% of PDGF-BB and 90% of BMP-2 were released into the defect during the first 2 d and 3 weeks, respectively.

Evaluation of nanostructure and microstructure of bone regenerated by BMP-2-porous scaffolds.

In this study, three systems containing BMP-2 were fabricated, including two electrospun sandwich-like-systems of PLGA 75:25 and PLGA 50:50 and a microsphere system of PLGA 50:50 to be implanted in a critical size defect in rat calvaria. The in vivo BMP-2 release profiles of the three systems were similar. The total dose was released during the first two weeks.

Smurf1 knocked-down, mesenchymal stem cells and BMP-2 in an electrospun system for bone regeneration.

A sandwich-like system, fabricated with electrospun, poly(lactic-co-glycolic-acid) (PLGA) membranes incorporating either human recombinant bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) enriched microspheres, rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rMSC), or rMSC with their Smurf1 (SMAD ubiquitin regulatory factor-1) expression knocked down by means of siRNA (rMSC573) at varying densities was evaluated in a rat calvarial, critical-size defect. The behavior of four membrane varieties, fabricated with different PLGA copolymers, was initially studied in rMSC cultures to decide on optimal membrane degradation and cell proliferation and differentiation characteristics. PLGA75:25 provided the most stable structure, and favored the cell environment.

In vivo osteogenic response to different ratios of BMP-2 and VEGF released from a biodegradable porous system.

Bone regeneration and vascularization with porous PLGA scaffolds loaded with VEGF (0.35 and 1.75 μg) and BMP-2 (3.