Impact of Universal Use of the McGrath Videolaryngoscope as a Device for All Intubations in the Cardiac Operating Room. A Prospective Before-After VIDEOLAR-CAR Study.

Objective: Tracheal intubation in cardiac surgery patients has a higher incidence of difficult laryngoscopic views compared with patients undergoing other types of surgery. The authors hypothesized that using the McGrath Mac videolaryngoscope as the first intubation option for cardiac surgery patients improves the percentage of patients with "easy intubation" compared with using a direct Macintosh laryngoscope.

Design: A prospective, observational, before-after study.

Children with influenza admitted at a children's hospital in Argentina in the 2019-2022 period: What has changed after the COVID-19 pandemic?

Introduction. During 2020 and 2021, the circulation of influenza virus remained below expectations worldwide. In Argentina, in 2022, we observed an uninterrupted circulation of influenza all year round.

[Circulation dynamics of respiratory syncytial virus and its relationship with ambient temperature. 25-year series in Buenos Aires].

Objective: To evaluate changes in RSV seasonality in the last 25 years and their correlation with the mean annual temperature.

Methods: Cross-sectional study, based on RSV and temperature data from the City of Buenos Aires (1995-2019). For each year, we describe the beginning, end, and duration of the RSV season and the correlation with the mean annual temperature.

SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among health care workers from a children's hospital.

Introduction. In Argentina, health care workers have been the first ones to receive the COVID-19 vaccine, but there are still few data on the production of anti-S IgG antibodies. Objectives.

The return of RSV during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) hospitalizations practically disappeared in 2020. Now, with Southern Hemisphere 2021 winter behind us, RSV has returned. Despite it is difficult to weigh the impact of pandemic mitigation measures on common respiratory virus circulation, it appears that acute respiratory infections in children are returning to their usual epidemiology.

Conversion from Calcineurin Inhibitor- to Belatacept-Based Maintenance Immunosuppression in Renal Transplant Recipients: A Randomized Phase 3b Trial.

Background: Calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) are standard of care after kidney transplantation, but they are associated with nephrotoxicity and reduced long-term graft survival. Belatacept, a selective T cell costimulation blocker, is approved for the prophylaxis of kidney transplant rejection. This phase 3 trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of conversion from CNI-based to belatacept-based maintenance immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients.

[Seroprevalence of anti-Mycoplasma pneumoniae antibodies in otherwise healthy children].

Introduction: Mycoplasma pneumoniae (Mypn) infection could be occurring at an earlier age due to social pheno mena such as attending daycare centers more frequently and earlier than decades ago.

Objective: to estimate the prevalence of anti-Mypn antibodies in children aged 0-12 years, and to explore whether age, attendance to daycare center/school, overcrowding or the presence of children aged below 12 years in the households increase the risk of seropositivity.

Patients And Method: Cross-sectional stu dy including healthy children aged 0-12 years which required blood draws for routine laboratory tests.

Adverse Events and Discontinuation Rates Associated with Sirolimus Treatment in Adult Renal Transplant Patients in Latin America vs Non-Latin American Countries.

Background: Sirolimus is approved for prophylaxis of organ rejection following renal transplantation. Rates of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) leading to sirolimus discontinuation differ geographically.

Methods: Rates of TEAEs, serious AEs (SAEs), and discontinuations were evaluated in 3 clinical trials of conversion from calcineurin inhibitors to sirolimus.

Reintubation in the ICU following cardiac surgery: is it more difficult than first-time intubation in the operating room?: A prospective observational study.

Background: After cardiac surgery, a patient's trachea is usually extubated; however, 2 to 13% of cardiac surgery patients require reintubation in the ICU.

Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the initial intubation in the cardiac operating room with reintubation (if required) in the ICU following cardiac surgery.

Design: A prospective, observational study.

Seasonality of respiratory syncytial virus in Buenos Aires. Relationship with global climate change.

Introduction: Global climate change circulation pattern respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). We assessed whether RSV season has changed over the past 20 years and its correlation with mean annual temperature.

Methods: Cross-sectional study that included records of RSV and temperatures from Buenos Aires (1995-2014).

[Inter-society consensus for the management of respiratory infections: acute bronchitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease].

The Argentine Society for Infectious Diseases and other national societies issued updated practical guidelines for the management of acute bronchitis (AB) and reactivations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with the aim of promoting rational use of diagnostic and therapeutic resources. AB is a condition characterized by inflammation of the bronchial airways which affects adults and children without underlying pulmonary disease. It is usually caused by a virus.

[Consensus guidelines for the management of upper respiratory tract infections].

Upper respiratory tract infections are the most common source of antibiotic prescriptions. Acute pharyngitis is caused mainly by viruses, viral cases can be distinguished from acute streptococcal pharyngitis using Centor clinical epidemiological criteria, by rapid antigen tests or throat culture. Treatment of choice for streptococcal infection is penicillin V given in two daily doses.

Improvement in renal function in kidney transplant recipients switched from cyclosporine or tacrolimus to belatacept: 2-year results from the long-term extension of a phase II study.

Kidney transplant recipients who switched from a calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) to belatacept demonstrated higher calculated glomerular filtration rates (cGFRs) at 1 year in a Phase II study. This report addresses whether improvement was sustained at 2 years in the long-term extension (LTE). Patients receiving cyclosporine or tacrolimus were randomized to switch to belatacept or continue CNI.

Portuguese guidelines for the use of biological agents in rheumatoid arthritis - October 2011 update.

The authors present the revised version of the Portuguese Society of Rheumatology (SPR) guidelines for the treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) with biological therapies. In these guidelines the criteria for introduction and maintenance of biological agents are discussed as well as the contraindications and procedures in the case of nonresponders. Biological treatment (with a tumour necrosis factor antagonist, abatacept or tocilizumab) should be considered in RA patients with a disease activity score 28 (DAS 28) equal to or greater than 3.

[Validation of a simplified prediction rule to identify etiology in children with pneumonia].

Introduction: Identifying on admission those children with bacterial pneumonia could reduce inappropriate antibiotic use. The BPS (Bacterial Pneumonia Score) is a clinical prediction rule that accurately identifies children with bacterial pneumonia. Because the interpretation of chest X-ray included in this model could be considered difficult, a simplified version was developed, but this version has not yet been validated in a different population.

Lower malignancy rates in renal allograft recipients converted to sirolimus-based, calcineurin inhibitor-free immunotherapy: 24-month results from the CONVERT trial.

Background: Long-term immunosuppression imposes increased malignancy risk in renal allograft recipients, significantly contributing to overall morbidity and mortality. This study examined malignancy rates in renal allograft recipients at 2 years after conversion to a sirolimus (SRL)-based, calcineurin inhibitor (CNI)-free regimen.

Methods: This open-label, randomized, multicenter study (the CONVERT Trial) randomly assigned 830 patients to SRL conversion (n=555) or CNI continuation (n=275).

Belatacept-based regimens versus a cyclosporine A-based regimen in kidney transplant recipients: 2-year results from the BENEFIT and BENEFIT-EXT studies.

Background: At 1 year, belatacept was associated with similar patient/graft survival, better renal function, and an improved cardiovascular/metabolic risk profile versus cyclosporine A (CsA) in the Belatacept Evaluation of Nephroprotection and Efficacy as Firstline Immunosuppression Trial (BENEFIT) and Belatacept Evaluation of Nephroprotection and Efficacy as Firstline Immunosuppression Trial-EXTended criteria donors (BENEFIT-EXT) studies. Acute rejection was more frequent with belatacept in BENEFIT. Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD)--specifically central nervous system PTLD--was observed more frequently in belatacept-treated patients.

Pandemic influenza A/H1N1 virus infection in solid organ transplant recipients: a multicenter study.

Background: The 2009 novel influenza A/H1N1 virus pandemic did not spare solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients. We aimed to describe the behavior of pandemic influenza infection in a group of SOT recipients in Argentina.

Methods: Data from 10 transplant (Tx) centers were retrospectively collected for SOT that presented with a respiratory illness compatible with pandemic influenza A infection, between May and September 2009.

Portuguese guidelines for the use of biological agents in rheumatoid arthritis - March 2010 update.

The authors present the revised version of the Portuguese Society of Rheumatology (SPR) guidelines for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with biological therapies. In these guidelines the criteria for introduction and maintenance of biological agents are discussed as well as the contraindications and procedures in the case of non-responders. Biological treatment should be considered in RA patients with a disease activity score 28 (DAS 28) superior to 3.

[Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections in children: multicenter trial].

Introduction: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates are increasingly frequent causes of skin and soft-tissue infections or invasive infections in many communities. Local data are scarce.

Objective: To determine the frequency, clinical features and outcome of infections caused by MRSA.