Effect of kidney replacement therapy modality after first kidney graft failure on second kidney transplantation outcomes.

Background: There is a lack of information regarding which is the best dialysis technique after kidney transplant (KT) failure. The aim of this study is to compare the effect of kidney replacement therapy modality-peritoneal dialysis (TX-PD-TX), haemodialysis (TX-HD-TX) and preemptive deceased donor retransplantation (TX-TX) on patient survival and second KT outcomes.

Methods: A retrospective observational study from the Catalan Renal Registry was carried out.

The Role of Vascular Lesions in Diabetes Across a Spectrum of Clinical Kidney Disease.

Introduction: The clinical-histologic correlation in diabetic nephropathy is not completely known.

Methods: We analyzed nephrectomy specimens from 90 patients with diabetes and diverse degrees of proteinuria and glomerular filtration rate (GFR).

Results: Thirty-six (40%) subjects had normoalbuminuria, 33 (37%) microalbuminuria, and 21 (23%) non-nephrotic proteinuria.

Obesity in Renal Transplantation.

Background: Data from the WHO show an increasing rate of overweight and obesity in general population in the last decades. This increase in obesity also affects population with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and kidney transplant (KT) candidates.

Summary: In this review, we focused on how obesity impacts on KT stages: access to KT and outcomes of KT candidates; how to reduce weight and its consequences; short and long-term outcomes in obese recipients and the impact of weight variations; and the implications of obesity in living donor KT.

Treatment for severe COVID-19 with a biomimetic sorbent haemoperfusion device in patients on haemodialysis.

Haemodialysis (HD) patients present more morbidity and mortality risk in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In patients who may develop severe symptoms, the process called 'viral sepsis' seems to be a crucial mechanism. In those cases, the HD procedure provides an excellent tool to explore the benefit of some extracorporeal therapies.

Impact of obesity on the evolution of outcomes in peritoneal dialysis patients.

Background: Some studies reveal that obesity is associated with a decrease in mortality in haemodialysis (HD) patients. However, few studies have addressed the association between body mass index (BMI) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients.

Methods: We performed this longitudinal, retrospective study to evaluate the impact of obesity on PD patients, using data from the Catalan Registry of Renal Patients from 2002 to 2015 ( = 1573).

Beneficial effect of corticosteroids in preventing mortality in patients receiving tocilizumab to treat severe COVID-19 illness.

Objectives: To assess the characteristics and risk factors for mortality in patients with severe coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) treated with tocilizumab (TCZ), alone or in combination with corticosteroids (CS).

Methods: From March 17 to April 7, 2020, a real-world observational retrospective analysis of consecutive hospitalized adult patients receiving TCZ to treat severe COVID-19 was conducted at our 750-bed university hospital. The main outcome was all-cause in-hospital mortality.

Clinical features and outcomes in a cohort of patients with immunoglobulin G4-related disease at a university hospital in Spain.

Background: Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a fibro-inflammatory, immune-mediated disorder, which characteristically affects the glandular tissue but has the potential to affect any organ.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed clinical, laboratory, histological characteristics and treatment response during 12 months of follow-up of a cohort of patients with IgG4-RD diagnosed at a tertiary public hospital. Disease activity was assessed by means of the IgG4-RD responder index (IgG4-RD RI).

Exploring Frequencies of Circulating Specific Th17 Cells against Myeloperoxidase and Proteinase 3 in ANCA Associated Vasculitis.

Unlabelled: Background: The role of the T helper 17 (Th17) cell subset in anti-neutrophil cytoplasm antibodies (ANCA) associated vasculitis (AAV) is controversial. We hypothesized that a specific Th17 response to myeloperoxidase (MPO) or proteinase 3 (PR3) is detectable in AAV patients and is different among the disease phases.

Methods: We analyzed 43 AAV patients with renal involvement (21 acute and 22 remission patients), and 12 healthy controls.

Effects of body weight variation in obese kidney recipients: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Obese kidney allograft recipients have worse results in kidney transplantation (KT). However, there is lack of information regarding the effect of body mass index (BMI) variation after KT. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of body weight changes in obese kidney transplant recipients.

Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Inhibitors Combined With Calcineurin Inhibitors as Initial Immunosuppression in Renal Transplantation: A Meta-analysis.

Background: The current standard of care immunosuppressive regimen in kidney transplantation (KT) includes a combination of mycophenolates (MMF/MPA) with a calcineurin inhibitor (CNI).

Methods: We designed a systematic review including all randomized clinical trials (RCTs) assessing the outcomes in KT recipients receiving mTORi + CNI compared with regimens containing MMF/MPA or azathioprine with CNI.

Results: A total of 24 studies with 7356 participants were included.

Effector Antitumor and Regulatory T Cell Responses Influence the Development of Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer in Kidney Transplant Patients.

Background: Chronic immunosuppression promotes nonmelanocytic squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) after kidney transplantation. Adaptive and innate immunity play a key role controlling tumor growth and are influenced by different immunosuppressive agents. We hypothesized that functional impairment of tumor-specific T cell responses due to calcineurin inhibitors (CNI) could contribute to SCC development, whereas conversion to mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors (mTOR-i) could recover this protective immune response.