Review of Advancements in Managing Cardiogenic Shock: From Emergency Care Protocols to Long-Term Therapeutic Strategies.

Cardiogenic shock (CS) is a complex multifactorial clinical syndrome of end-organ hypoperfusion that could be associated with multisystem organ failure, presenting a diverse range of causes and symptoms. Despite improving survival in recent years due to new advancements, CS still carries a high risk of severe morbidity and mortality. Recent research has focused on improving early detection and understanding of CS through standardized team approaches, detailed hemodynamic assessment, and selective use of temporary mechanical circulatory support devices, leading to better patient outcomes.

Case Report: emergent percutaneous directional thrombectomy in a patient with cardiogenic shock and large mobile thrombus in the right atrium.

Background: New percutaneous techniques for the management of acute pulmonary embolism (PE) are emerging, but there is lack of data regarding the approach of mobile thrombus in the right chambers, with the added risk of potential thrombus dislodgement that may prevent from mechanical circulatory support devices to be implanted in unstable patients.

Case Summary: We present the case of a 65-year-old male with cardiogenic shock of unknown aetiology, severe biventricular dysfunction, and large mobile thrombus in the right atrium. Mechanical circulatory support devices could not be implanted, and current thromboaspiration systems were either too small or not available at that time.

Vaccine-carditis study: Spanish multicenter registry of inflammatory heart disease after COVID-19 vaccination.

Introduction And Objectives: Vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 have been a major scientific and medical achievement in the control of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, very infrequent cases of inflammatory heart disease have been described as adverse events, leading to uncertainty in the scientific community and in the general population.

Methods: The Vaccine-Carditis Registry has included all cases of myocarditis and pericarditis diagnosed within 30 days after COVID-19 vaccination since August 1, 2021 in 29 centers throughout the Spanish territory.

VA-ECMO rescue therapy in propofol infusion syndrome after cardiac surgery.

Introduction: Propofol infusion syndrome (PRIS) is a rare entity that could lead to profound cardiogenic shock (CS). Mitochondrial toxicity and sympathetic blockade are the mechanisms leading to CS in PRIS.

Case Report: We present a 22-year-old woman who developed refractory CS due to PRIS after aortic valve replacement surgery secondary to infective endocarditis.

Sustained Improvement of Left Ventricular Strain following Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement.

Purpose: Left ventricular (LV) mechanics are impaired in patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS). Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has become a widespread technique for patients with severe AS considered inoperable or high risk for open surgery. This procedure could have a positive impact in LV mechanics.

Contemporary differences between men and women with acute coronary syndromes: CIAM multicenter registry.

Aim: Differences exist in the diagnosis and treatment of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) between men and women. However, recent advancements in the management of ACSs might have attenuated this sex gap. We evaluated the status of ACS management in a multicenter registry in 10 tertiary Spanish hospitals.

Prognostic value of left atrial function by cardiovascular magnetic resonance feature tracking in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Left atrium (LA) size has an important role in determining prognosis and risk stratification in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Cardiovascular magnetic resonance myocardial feature tracking (CMR-FT) is a novel technique for the quantification of LA function. Our aim was first to evaluate LA function by CMR-FT and volumetric analysis in patients with HCM; and secondly we sought to determine the association of LA-longitudinal strain (LA-LS) with major cardiovascular outcomes, particularly all cause mortality and heart failure.

Immediate improvement of left ventricular mechanics following transcatheter aortic valve replacement.

Background: Left ventricular (LV) mechanics are impaired in patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS). Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has become a widespread technique for patients with severe AS considered inoperable or high risk for traditional open-surgery. This procedure could have a positive impact in LV mechanics.

Prognostic implications of global myocardial mechanics in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy by cardiovascular magnetic resonance feature tracking. Relations to left ventricular hypertrophy and fibrosis.

Background: Interstitial fibrosis, myocardial fiber disarray and non-uniform shortening are common histological features of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). The degree of LV hypertrophy and fibrosis are postulated to contribute to the impairment of myocardial shortening. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance myocardial (CMR) feature tracking (CMR-FT) has emerged as a robust method that provides quantitative measurements of myocardial deformation.

ESC sudden-death risk model in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: Incremental value of quantitative contrast-enhanced CMR in intermediate-risk patients.

Background: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) remains the most common cause of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in the young; however, current strategies do not identify all HCM patients at risk. A novel validated algorithm was proposed by the last European Society of Cardiology guidelines to guide implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) therapy. Recently, extensive myocardial fibrosis was independently associated with increased risk of SCD events.