Impact of knowledge of HPV positivity on cervical cytology performance in latin america.

Background: Cervical cytology is recommended by WHO as a triage option in HPV-based cervical cancer screening programmes. We assessed the performance of cytology to detect CIN3+ without and with knowledge of HPV positivity.

Methods: Women were screened with cytology and HPV across ESTAMPA study centres in Latin America.

Transcriptome and microbiome-immune changes across preinvasive and invasive anal cancer lesions.

Anal squamous cell carcinoma (ASCC) is a rare gastrointestinal malignancy linked to high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, which develops from precursor lesions like low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HGSILs). ASCC incidence varies across populations and poses increased risk for people living with HIV. Our investigation focused on transcriptomic and metatranscriptomic changes from squamous intraepithelial lesions to ASCC.

Identification of a new polyomavirus in distinct human populations and tissues.

Several human polyomaviruses (HPyVs) have been described in the last 15 years. This work aimed to characterize a novel HPyV with cutaneous tropism. Swabs of healthy skin (forehead) of 75 immunocompetent individuals from Argentina were screened for HPyV through sequence amplification techniques.

Performance of cervical cytology and HPV testing for primary cervical cancer screening in Latin America: an analysis within the ESTAMPA study.

Background: Cervical cytology remains widely used as the initial tool in cervical cancer screening worldwide. WHO guidelines recommend replacing cytology with primary HPV testing to reach cervical cancer elimination goals. We assessed the performance of cytology and high-risk HPV testing to detect cervical precancer, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade 3 or worse (CIN3+) among women aged 30-64 years participating in the ESTAMPA study.

Quality assurance in human papillomavirus testing for primary cervical screening.

The recommendation for cervical screening is that it should be based on human papillomavirus (HPV) molecular testing. For all screening programs, attention to quality assurance is required to fully realize the benefits. Internationally recognized quality assurance recommendations for HPV-based screening are needed that are ideally applicable for a variety of settings, including in low- and middle-income countries.

Performance of standardised colposcopy to detect cervical precancer and cancer for triage of women testing positive for human papillomavirus: results from the ESTAMPA multicentric screening study.

Background: Colposcopy, currently included in WHO recommendations as an option to triage human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive women, remains as the reference standard to guide both biopsy for confirmation of cervical precancer and cancer and treatment approaches. We aim to evaluate the performance of colposcopy to detect cervical precancer and cancer for triage in HPV-positive women.

Methods: This cross-sectional, multicentric screening study was conducted at 12 centres (including primary and secondary care centres, hospitals, laboratories, and universities) in Latin America (Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Honduras, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, and Uruguay).

Implementing HPV testing in 9 Latin American countries: The laboratory perspective as observed in the ESTAMPA study.

Background: Replacement of cytology screening with HPV testing is recommended and essential for cervical cancer elimination. HPV testing for primary screening was implemented in 12 laboratories within 9 Latin American countries, as part of the ESTAMPA cervical cancer screening study. Our observations provide information on critical operational aspects for HPV testing implementation in diverse resource settings.

Human papillomavirus genotyping using next generation sequencing (NGS) in cervical lesions: Genotypes by histologic grade and their relative proportion in multiple infections.

Sensitive and specific genotyping of human papillomaviruses (HPVs) is critical for the surveillance and monitoring of the vaccine effectiveness. Here, HPV genotypes were identified in 137 cervical samples with different histology (79 ≤CIN1 and 58 CIN3+) using Nested-PCR followed by Next-Generation sequencing (NGS) and relative proportions for each genotype in multiple infections were computed. All samples had been previously genotyped by PCR-Reverse Blotting Hybridization (PCR-RBH) thus allowing for a concordance analysis between both techniques.

Distribution of human papillomavirus genotypes by severity of cervical lesions in HPV screened positive women from the ESTAMPA study in Latin America.

The proportion of HPV16 and 18-associated cervical cancer (CC) appears rather constant worldwide (≥70%), but the relative importance of the other HR-HPV differs slightly by geographical region. Here, we studied the HPV genotype distribution of HPV positive Latin American (LA) women by histological grade, in a sub-cohort from the ESTAMPA study; we also explored the association of age-specific HPV genotypes in severe lesions. Cervical samples from 1,252 participants (854 ≤CIN1, 121 CIN2, 194 CIN3 and 83 CC) were genotyped by two PCRs-Reverse Blotting Hybridization strategies: i) Broad-Spectrum General Primers 5+/6+ and ii) PGMY9/11 PCRs.

A comprehensive HPV-STI NGS assay for detection of 29 HPV types and 14 non-HPV sexually transmitted infections.

Background: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are prevalent throughout the world and impose a significant burden on individual health and public health systems. Missed diagnosis and late treatment of STIs can lead to serious complications such as infertility and cervical cancer. Although sexually transmitted co-infections are common, most commercial assays target one or a few STIs.

Genetic variation in the E6 and E7 genes of human papillomavirus type 16 in northeastern Argentina.

The province of Misiones is considered a region with a high mortality rate due to cervical cancer (CC). To gain insight into this problem, we explored the association between genetic variation in the E6 and E7 oncogenes of HPV16 and the risk of CC. We studied 160 women with cytological diagnoses of negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignity, low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion/CC and a positive test for HPV16 infection.

A clinical and molecular portrait of non-metastatic anal squamous cell carcinoma.

Anal squamous cell carcinoma (ASCC) is a rare gastrointestinal malignancy associated with high-risk Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Despite improved outcomes in non-metastatic ASCC, definitive chemoradiotherapy constitutes the standard treatment for localized disease. Evidences for predictive and prognostic biomarkers are limited.

Strong reduction in prevalence of HPV16/18 and closely related HPV types in sexually active adolescent women following the introduction of HPV vaccination in Argentina.

• HPV16/18 decreased by >93% in vaccinated sexually active Argentine girls. • Detected reduction of HPV31 and 45 would add to the success of immunization. • No genotype replacement was observed.

Baseline prevalence and type distribution of Human papillomavirus in sexually active non-vaccinated adolescent girls from Argentina.

In 2011, Argentina launched a government-funded national Human papillomavirus (HPV) immunization program incorporating a bivalent HPV vaccine, with a 0-1-6-month schedule, for girls 11 years of age, born after January 2000. Monitoring the changes of HPV infection prevalence among young women has been proposed as an endpoint for early assessment of HPV vaccination programs. However, the data on HPV prevalence at young ages are very limited.

Multicentric study of cervical cancer screening with human papillomavirus testing and assessment of triage methods in Latin America: the ESTAMPA screening study protocol.

Introduction: Human papillomavirus (HPV) testing is replacing cytology in primary screening. Its limited specificity demands using a second (triage) test to better identify women at high-risk of cervical disease. Cytology represents the immediate triage but its low sensitivity might hamper HPV testing sensitivity, particularly in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), where cytology performance has been suboptimal.

Human papillomavirus genotype distribution in cervical cancer biopsies from Nepalese women.

Background: Cervical cancer (CC) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality from cancer in Nepalese women. Nearly all cases of CC are caused by infection with certain genotypes of human papillomavirus (HPV). Data on HPV genotype distribution in Nepalese CC patients is sparse.

Mitochondrial DNA ancestry, HPV infection and the risk of cervical cancer in a multiethnic population of northeastern Argentina.

Background: Misiones Province in northeastern Argentina is considered to be a region with a high prevalence of HPV infection and a high mortality rate due to cervical cancer. The reasons for this epidemiological trend are not completely understood. To gain insight into this problem, we explored the relationship between mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) ancestry, HPV infection, and development of cervical lesions/cancer in women from the city of Posadas in Misiones Province.

Cutaneous human papillomavirus genotypes in different kinds of skin lesions in Argentina.

Cutaneous human papillomaviruses (HPVs) comprise a large and highly heterogeneous virus group. Some of the cutaneous HPVs of the genus Beta have been suggested as a co-factor in the development of non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC). The aim of this study was to determine cutaneous HPV prevalence and type-specific distribution in different kinds of skin lesions from Argentine patients visiting Dermatology Departments of three hospitals from Buenos Aires.

Epstein-Barr virus load in transplant patients: Early detection of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders.

High levels of circulating EBV load are used as a marker of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD). There is no consensus regarding the threshold level indicative of an increase in peripheral EBV DNA. The aim of the study was to clinically validate a developed EBV quantification assay for early PTLD detection.

Global Genomic Diversity of Human Papillomavirus 11 Based on 433 Isolates and 78 Complete Genome Sequences.

Unlabelled: Human papillomavirus 11 (HPV11) is an etiological agent of anogenital warts and laryngeal papillomas and is included in the 4-valent and 9-valent prophylactic HPV vaccines. We established the largest collection of globally circulating HPV11 isolates to date and examined the genomic diversity of 433 isolates and 78 complete genomes (CGs) from six continents. The genomic variation within the 2,800-bp E5a-E5b-L1-upstream regulatory region was initially studied in 181/207 (87.

Distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes and bacterial vaginosis presence in cervical samples from Paraguayan indigenous.

Objective: To determine the frequency of human papillomavirus (HPV) types and to assess bacterial vaginosis (BV) possible associations with cervical infections in indigenous Paraguayan women of the Department of Presidente Hayes.

Methods: This study included 181 sexually active women without cervical lesions. HPV typing was performed by polymerase chain reaction with primers PGMY 09/11 followed by reverse line hybridization.

Genetic characterization and clinical implications of human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) variants from northeastern Argentina.

Background: Human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) plays a central role in the development of cervical cancer. Worldwide studies indicate the existence of HPV16 variants that show different geographic distributions and oncogenic potential.

Objective: Our goal was to describe the genetic variation of HPV16 isolates identified in urban women with different grades of cervical lesions living in northeastern Argentina.

Geographical distribution and risk association of human papillomavirus genotype 52-variant lineages.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) genotype 52 is commonly found in Asian cases of cervical cancer but is rare elsewhere. Analysis of 611 isolates collected worldwide revealed a remarkable geographical distribution, with lineage B predominating in Asia (89.0% vs 0%-5.