Dopamine D and Adenosine A Receptors Interaction on Ca Current Modulation in a Rodent Model of Parkinsonism.

A receptor required previous D receptor activation to modulate Ca currents. Istradefylline decreases pramipexole modulation on Ca currents. Istradefylline reduces A + neurons activity in striatial microcircuit, but pramipexole failed to further reduce neuronal activity.

Characterization of Phosphoranes Obtained by the Spontaneous Carbonyl-Catalyzed Phosphorylation of Monosaccharides and Polyols in Aqueous Media.

Phosphorylation is a very important biochemical process in metabolism and biochemical marking. The mechanism for the biophosphorylation of substrates and the hydrolysis/transesterification of RNA has been suggested to proceed through phosphorane intermediates. Although the phosphorane intermediate/transition state has long been a subject of many theoretical models and studies, it has neither been isolated nor characterized, with most information derived from the hydrolysis and radiolabeling of cyclic phosphotriesters.

Modulation of direct pathway striatal projection neurons by muscarinic M₄-type receptors.

Models of basal ganglia (BG) function posit a dynamic balance between two classes of striatal projection neurons (SPNs): direct pathway neurons (dSPNs) that facilitate movements, and indirect pathway neurons (iSPNs) that repress movement execution. Two main modulatory transmitters regulate the output of these neurons: dopamine (DA) and acetylcholine (ACh). dSPNs express D1-type DA, M1-and M4-type ACh receptors, while iSPNs express D2-type DA and M1-type ACh receptors.

Contribution of different classes of glutamate receptors in the corticostriatal polysynaptic responses from striatal direct and indirect projection neurons.

Background: Previous work showed differences in the polysynaptic activation of GABAergic synapses during corticostriatal suprathreshold responses in direct and indirect striatal projection neurons (dSPNs and iSPNs). Here, we now show differences and similarities in the polysynaptic activation of cortical glutamatergic synapses on the same responses. Corticostriatal contacts have been extensively studied.

[Evaluation of the LightCycler® SeptiFast test in newborns and infants with clinical suspicion of sepsis].

Introduction: Neonatal sepsis is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Early diagnosis and prompt antimicrobial therapy are crucial for a favorable outcome of the newborn child. Blood culture, the current "gold standard" method for diagnosing bloodstream infections, has a low sensitivity in newborns.

[Hysteroscopy used in infertility. Diagnosis and therapy].

The purpose of this study is to review the prevalence of different uterine defects associated with infertility, recurrent pregnancy loss, and preterm pregnancies. Various infertility etiologies are analyzed, mainly that of uterine basis (adhesions, septa, myomas, polyps, pelvic inflammations or infection, and endometriosis). Importance of surgical techniques with minimal invasion is studied, basically hysteroscopy as a diagnosis and therapeutic method, which is compared with the rest of techniques.

[Intradiverticular bladder tumor: C.T. assessment].

Objectives: To review the role of computerized tomography on the diagnosis of intradiverticulum bladder cancer. We present images of various cases and perform a bibliographic review.

Methods: 5 cases of intra-diverticulum bladder cancer were identified after a retrospective review.