Ceftaroline for bloodstream infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: a multicentre retrospective cohort study.

Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of ceftaroline vs. vancomycin or daptomycin in the treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infections (BSIs) (MRSA-BSIs).

Methods: This multicentre retrospective study conducted in 15 Spanish hospitals included data from the first MRSA-BSIs of adult patients between January 2019 and December 2022.

Early antibiotic de-escalation in patients with severe infections due to bloodstream infection by enterobacterales: A post hoc analysis of a prospective multicentre cohort.

Background: Data about antibiotic de-escalation in sepsis associated with the bloodstream and caused by Enterobacterales are scarce. The objectives of this study are to identify factors associated with early de-escalation and to analyse the impact of de-escalation on mortality in patients with Enterobacterales bloodstream infection (BSI) with a Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score ≥ 2.

Methods: A prospective, multicentre cohort study was performed including episodes of BSI due to Enterobacterales and a SOFA score ≥ 2 who were receiving an active antipseudomonal β-lactam; the isolate should be susceptible to at least 1 narrower-spectrum antibiotic.

A Phase III Randomized Controlled Trial of Plitidepsin, a Marine-Derived Compound, in Hospitalized Adults With Moderate COVID-19.

Background: Plitidepsin has shown potent preclinical activity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and was generally well tolerated in a phase I trial of hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). NEPTUNO, a phase III, multicenter, randomized, controlled trial, was designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of plitidepsin in the management of moderate COVID-19 in hospitalized adult patients.

Methods: Included patients had documented severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, required oxygen therapy, and had adequate organ function.

Clinical characteristics, predisposing factors and outcomes for Enterococcus faecalis versus Enterococcus faecium bloodstream infections: a prospective multicentre cohort study.

Purposes: Enterococcal BSI is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, with fatality rates of approximately 20-30%. There are microbiological and clinical differences between E. faecalis and E.

A comprehensive, predictive mortality score for patients with bloodstream infections (PROBAC): a prospective, multicentre cohort study.

Objectives: Bloodstream infections (BSI) are an important cause of mortality, although they show heterogeneity depending on patients and aetiological factors. Comprehensive and specific mortality scores for BSI are scarce. The objective of this study was to develop a mortality predictive score in BSI based on a multicentre prospective cohort.

Mortality impact of further delays in active targeted antibiotic therapy in bacteraemic patients that did not receive initial active empiric treatment: Results from the prospective, multicentre cohort PROBAC.

Objectives: The early initiation of the empirical antibiotic treatment and its impact on mortality in patients with bacteraemia has been extensively studied. However, information on the impact of precocity of the targeted antibiotic treatment is scarce. We aimed to study the impact of further delay in active antibiotic therapy on 30-day mortality among patients with bloodstream infection who had not received appropriate empirical therapy.

Efficacy and safety of a structured de-escalation from antipseudomonal β-lactams in bloodstream infections due to Enterobacterales (SIMPLIFY): an open-label, multicentre, randomised trial.

Background: De-escalation from broad-spectrum to narrow-spectrum antibiotics is considered an important measure to reduce the selective pressure of antibiotics, but a scarcity of adequate evidence is a barrier to its implementation. We aimed to determine whether de-escalation from an antipseudomonal β-lactam to a narrower-spectrum drug was non-inferior to continuing the antipseudomonal drug in patients with Enterobacterales bacteraemia.

Methods: An open-label, pragmatic, randomised trial was performed in 21 Spanish hospitals.

Computing thickness of irregularly-shaped thin walls using a locally semi-implicit scheme with extrapolation to solve the Laplace equation: Application to the right ventricle.

Cardiac Magnetic Resonance (CMR) Imaging is currently considered the gold standard imaging modality in cardiology. However, it is accompanied by a tradeoff between spatial resolution and acquisition time. Providing accurate measures of thin walls relative to the image resolution may prove challenging.

Comparison of dalbavancin with standard of care in the management of infective endocarditis: efficacy, safety, and cost analysis.

Objectives: Due to its long half-life, dalbavancin offers benefits for long-duration treatments, especially osteoarticular and infective endocarditis (IE). We evaluated the efficacy and costs of IE treatment, comparing dalbavancin with standard of care (SOC).

Methods: Retrospective multicenter cohort study of adult patients with Gram-positive cocci definite IE.

Cloxacillin plus fosfomycin versus cloxacillin alone for methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia: a randomized trial.

Treatment failure occurs in about 25% of patients with methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) bacteremia. We assessed whether cloxacillin plus fosfomycin achieves better treatment success than cloxacillin alone in hospitalized adults with MSSA bacteremia. We conducted a multicenter, open-label, phase III-IV superiority randomized clinical trial.

Tension pneumothorax in small odontocetes.

Pneumothorax, the accumulation of air in the pleural cavity, occurs when air enters the pleural space by the pleuro-cutaneous, pleuro-pulmonary, or pleuro-oesophageal-mediastinal route. Tension pneumothorax is an infrequent and severe form of pneumothorax where a positive pressure in the pleural space is built up during at least part of the respiratory cycle, with compression of both lungs and mediastinal vessels, and, if unilateral, with midline deviation towards the unaffected hemithorax. We describe 9 cases of tension pneumothorax in 3 species of small cetaceans (striped dolphin Stenella coeruleoalba, common dolphin Delphinus delphis, and common bottlenose dolphin Tursiops truncatus) from the western Mediterranean coast of Spain, and one case from a dolphinarium.

Wild Fruits of Jacq. and (L.) Crantz: From Traditional Foods to Innovative Sources of Pigments and Antioxidant Ingredients for Food Products.

Hawthorn ( Jacq.) and whitebeam ( (L.) Crantz) are wild species traditionally used as ethnic foods in the Mediterranean area.

Effect of somatic antigens of Dirofilaria repens adult worms on angiogenesis, cell proliferation and migration and pseudo-capillary formation in human endothelial cells.

Background: Angiogenesis is defined as the formation of new vessels by sprouting of endothelial cells from pre-existing vessels in response to stimuli, such as hypoxia or inflammation. Subcutaneous dirofilariasis, caused by Dirofilaria repens, is a zoonotic disease characterized by the formation of subcutaneous nodules with the presence of at least one encapsulated worm, showing perivascular vascularization around it. The aim of this study is to analyze whether the somatic antigen of adult D.

The Use and Effectiveness of Ceftazidime-Avibactam in Real-World Clinical Practice: EZTEAM Study.

Introduction: Ceftazidime-avibactam has proven activity against multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria in clinical trials and real-world studies. This study was conducted to describe the patterns of use of ceftazidime-avibactam (including indications and associated antibiotics), and the effectiveness and safety of ceftazidime-avibactam in real-world clinical practice.

Methods: This non-interventional medical chart review study was conducted in 11 countries across the European and Latin American (LATAM) regions.

Conventional Hospitalization versus Sequential Outpatient Parenteral Antibiotic Therapy for Bacteremia: Post-Hoc Analysis of a Multicenter Observational Cohort.

It is not known whether sequential outpatient parenteral antimicrobial (OPAT) is as safe and effective as conventional hospitalization in patients with S. aureus bacteremia (SAB). A post-hoc analysis of the comparative effectiveness of conventional hospitalization versus sequential OPAT was performed in two prospective Spanish cohorts of patients with S.

Antimicrobial stewardship in hospitals: Expert recommendation guidance document for activities in specific populations, syndromes and other aspects (PROA-2) from SEIMC, SEFH, SEMPSPGS, SEMICYUC and SEIP.

In 2012, The Spanish Societies of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC), Hospital Pharmacy (SEFH), and Preventive Medicine, Public Health and Healthcare Management (SEMPSGS) lead a consensus document including recommendations for the implementation of antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) programs (AMSP; PROA in Spanish) in acute care hospitals in Spain. While these recommendations were critical for the development of these programs in many centres, there is a need for guidance in the development of AMS activities for specific patient populations, syndromes or other specific aspects which were not included in the previous document or have developed significantly since then. The objective of this expert recommendation guidance document is to review the available information about these activities in these patient populations or circumstances, and to provide guidance recommendations about them.

Dwarf Kiwi ( Miq.), a Source of Antioxidants for a Healthy and Sustainable Diet.

The feasibility of using dwarf kiwi fruits ( Miq.) as a healthy and sustainable food, compared to other types of commercial kiwi fruits, was evaluated in the present study. The overall antioxidant capacity of these fruits was assessed by either extraction-dependent methods (ABTS, ORAC) or the direct method called Quick, Easy, New, CHEap, Reproducible (QUENCHER) (DPPH, FRAP, Folin-Ciocalteu), applied for the first time to analyze kiwi fruits.

Halotolerant native bacteria Enterobacter 64S1 and Pseudomonas 42P4 alleviate saline stress in tomato plants.

Salinity is one of the principal abiotic stresses that limit the growth and productivity of crops. The use of halotolerant plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) that increase the growth of salt-stressed crops is an environmentally friendly alternative to promote plant yield under salinity. The aim of this study was to test native PGPR, isolated according to their tolerance to NaCl, and to evaluate their influence on morphological, physiological, and biochemical traits promoted by salt stress in tomato plants.

Cerebrospinal fluid drainage-related ventriculitis due to multidrug-resistant microorganisms.

Introduction: The aim of the study was to analyze the clinical and microbiological characteristics of adult patients with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage-related ventriculitis.

Methods: Retrospective study from January 2010 to June 2019 performed in the Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo (Spain). Cases of CSF drainage-related ventriculitis in patients ≥18-year-old were gathered.

Clinical characteristics, aetiology and mortality/recurrence risk factors of acute cholangitis in patients with and without biliary stent.

Objectives: Acute cholangitis is one of the most frequent complications in patients carrying biliary stents. The aim of our study is to analyze the demographic and clinical characteristics, as well as the microbiological profile and evolution of patients with acute bacteremic cholangitis, comparing them based upon they were or not biliary stent carriers.

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of all consecutive patients over 18 years-old with a stent placement in our center between 2008 and 2017 were included.

Multicentre, randomised, open-label, phase IV-III study to evaluate the efficacy of cloxacillin plus fosfomycin versus cloxacillin alone in adult patients with methicillin-susceptible bacteraemia: study protocol for the SAFO trial.

Introduction: Methicillin-susceptible (MSSA) bacteraemia is a frequent condition, with high mortality rates. There is a growing interest in identifying new therapeutic regimens able to reduce therapeutic failure and mortality observed with the standard of care of beta-lactam monotherapy. In vitro and small-scale studies have found synergy between cloxacillin and fosfomycin against .