Decomposition of Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Signals Using Oblique Subspace Projections: Applications in Brain Hemodynamic Monitoring.

Clinical data is comprised by a large number of synchronously collected biomedical signals that are measured at different locations. Deciphering the interrelationships of these signals can yield important information about their dependence providing some useful clinical diagnostic data. For instance, by computing the coupling between Near-Infrared Spectroscopy signals (NIRS) and systemic variables the status of the hemodynamic regulation mechanisms can be assessed.

Cortical mapping of 3D optical topography in infants.

Precise localisation of cortical activation in the early development of the infant brain remains unclear. It is challenging to co-register haemodynamic responses during functional activation in infants with the underlying anatomy of the brain. We used a multispectral imaging algorithm to reconstruct 3D optical topographic images of haemodynamic responses in an infant during voice processing.

Wavelet cross-correlation to investigate regional variations in cerebral oxygenation in infants supported on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation can potentially affect cerebral blood flow dynamics and consequently influence cerebral autoregulation. We applied wavelet cross-correlation (WCC) between multichannel cerebral oxyhemoglobin concentration (HbO(2)) and mean arterial pressure (MAP), to assess regional variations in cerebral autoregulation. Six infants on veno-arterial (VA) ECMO were studied during sequential changes in the ECMO flows.

Canonical correlation analysis in the study of cerebral and peripheral haemodynamics interrelations with systemic variables in neonates supported on ECMO.

Neonates supported on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) are at high risk of brain injury due to haemodynamic instability. In order to monitor cerebral and peripheral (muscle) haemodynamic and oxygenation changes in this population we used a dual-channel near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) system. In addition, to assess interrelations between NIRS and systemic variables, collected simultaneously, canonical correlation analysis (CCA) was employed.

Multichannel near infrared spectroscopy indicates regional variations in cerebral autoregulation in infants supported on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

Assessing noninvasively cerebral autoregulation, the protective mechanism of the brain to maintain constant cerebral blood flow despite changes in blood pressure, is challenging. Infants on life support system (ECMO) for cardiorespiratory failure are at risk of cerebral autoregulation impairment and consequent neurological problems. We measured oxyhaemoglobin concentration (HbO(2)) by multichannel (12 channels) near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in six infants during sequential changes in ECMO flow.

Optical topography to measure variations in regional cerebral oxygenation in an infant supported on veno-arterial extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation.

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a rescue therapy for patients with cardio-respiratory failure which exposes the patient to the risk for intracranial injury. We used a 12-channel optical topography system to monitor cerebral oxygenation in a venoarterial (VA) ECMO patient during alterations in the ECMO flows. Changes in oxy-(HbO), deoxy-(HHb) and total-(HbT) haemoglobin concentrations were measured simultaneously with systemic and ECMO circuit parameters.

Cerebral and peripheral tissue oxygenation in children supported on ECMO for cardio-respiratory failure.

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a rescue therapy for patients with cardio-respiratory failure. Establishing, maintaining and weaning from ECMO may increase the risk for intracranial injury. We used a dual channel near infrared system to monitor cerebral and peripheral tissue oxygenation in 3 venoarterial (VA) and 1 venovenous (VV) ECMO patients undergoing manipulations in the ECMO circuit flows.