Comparing condylar height/width in patients with and without posterior crossbites.

Background: The purpose of this research was to determine the presence of asymmetry of the mandibular condyle in children aged between 7 and 9 years, with a unilateral posterior crossbite, and compare it with a sample of patients without malocclusion.

Material And Methods: The right and left condylar height and width of 401 orthopantomography of children with and without crossbite were measured.

Results: When comparing the height and width of the mandibular condyle in the sample with posterior crossbite we observed that the height and width were almost the same in both condyles.

Could the Adoptive Transfer of Memory Lymphocytes be an Alternative Treatment for Infections?

We evaluated the efficacy of the adoptive transfer of memory B, CD4+, and CD8+ T lymphocytes compared with sulbactam and tigecycline in an experimental murine pneumonia model by two multidrug-resistant strains, colistin-susceptible AbCS01 and colistin-resistant AbCR17. Pharmacodynamically optimized antimicrobial dosages were administered for 72 h, and intravenous administration of 2 × 10 of each of the memory cells in a single dose 30 min post-infection. Bacterial lung and blood counts and mortality rates were analyzed.

Mitomycin C as an Anti-Persister Strategy against Toxicity and Synergy Studies.

The combination of several therapeutic strategies is often seen as a good way to decrease resistance rates, since bacteria can more easily overcome single-drug treatments than multi-drug ones. This strategy is especially attractive when several targets and subpopulations are affected, as it is the case of persister cells, a subpopulation of bacteria able to transiently survive antibiotic exposures. This work aims to evaluate the potential of a repurposed anticancer drug, mitomycin C, combined with the lytic phage vB_KpnM-VAC13 in vitro and its safety in an in vivo murine model against two clinical isolates of this pathogen, one of them exhibiting an imipenem-persister phenotype.

May Measurement Month 2021: an analysis of blood pressure screening results from Paraguay.

The aim of this study was to highlight the importance of measuring blood pressure (BP) to identify new, known, and treated individuals with hypertension and to raise awareness in the general population about the importance of good BP control. In Paraguay, 3663 individuals aged ≥18 years of both sexes were recruited from May to November 2021 as part of the May Measurement Month (MMM) campaign, which was initiated by the International Society of Hypertension in 2017. Volunteers of 18 regional health teams applied the questionnaire provided by the MMM 2021 organization throughout the country.

Effectiveness and Safety of the Double Intracervical Balloon vs Dinoprostone in Patients with Previous Cesarean Section.

To compare effectiveness and safety of the Cook's balloon with vaginal dinoprostone to induce labor in patients with previous cesarean section. Observational, and retrospective study that included pregnant women at ≥ 37 weeks' gestation, with unfavorable cervix, singleton pregnancy, intact membranes, and a previous cesarean section, who had undergone labor induction in the period 2014-2019. 170 patients (86 balloon-84 dinoprostone) were analyzed.

Mortality and Morbidity in Adults With Rheumatic Heart Disease.

Importance: Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) remains a public health issue in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). However, there are few large studies enrolling individuals from multiple endemic countries.

Objective: To assess the risk and predictors of major patient-important clinical outcomes in patients with clinical RHD.

Examining the immune signatures of SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnancy and the impact on neurodevelopment: Protocol of the longitudinal study.

The COVID-19 pandemic represents a valuable opportunity to carry out cohort studies that allow us to advance our knowledge on pathophysiological mechanisms of neuropsychiatric diseases. One of these opportunities is the study of the relationships between inflammation, brain development and an increased risk of suffering neuropsychiatric disorders. Based on the hypothesis that neuroinflammation during early stages of life is associated with neurodevelopmental disorders and confers a greater risk of developing neuropsychiatric disorders, we propose a cohort study of SARS-CoV-2-infected pregnant women and their newborns.

May Measurement Month 2017-19: an analysis of blood pressure screening results from Paraguay.

The aim of this study was to highlight the importance of measuring blood pressure (BP) and to identify and reduce the BPs of those people who require intervention to lower their BP according to current guidelines. A total of 7782 individuals aged ≥18 years were recruited during the 3 years of the May Measurement Month (MMM) campaign (2017: 1196, 2018: 2285, 2019: 4301). Recruitment was through opportunistic sampling at a variety of screening sites distributed throughout the country.

Rivaroxaban in Rheumatic Heart Disease-Associated Atrial Fibrillation.

Background: Testing of factor Xa inhibitors for the prevention of cardiovascular events in patients with rheumatic heart disease-associated atrial fibrillation has been limited.

Methods: We enrolled patients with atrial fibrillation and echocardiographically documented rheumatic heart disease who had any of the following: a CHADSVASc score of at least 2 (on a scale from 0 to 9, with higher scores indicating a higher risk of stroke), a mitral-valve area of no more than 2 cm, left atrial spontaneous echo contrast, or left atrial thrombus. Patients were randomly assigned to receive standard doses of rivaroxaban or dose-adjusted vitamin K antagonist.

The INVICTUS rheumatic heart disease research program: Rationale, design and baseline characteristics of a randomized trial of rivaroxaban compared to vitamin K antagonists in rheumatic valvular disease and atrial fibrillation.

Background: Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is a neglected disease affecting 33 million people, mainly in low and middle income countries. Yet very few large trials or registries have been conducted in this population. The INVICTUS program of research in RHD consists of a randomized-controlled trial (RCT) of 4500 patients comparing rivaroxaban with vitamin K antagonists (VKA) in patients with RHD and atrial fibrillation (AF), a registry of 17,000 patients to document the contemporary clinical course of patients with RHD, including a focused sub-study on pregnant women with RHD within the registry.

Similar recovery of liver function after response to all-oral HCV therapy in patients with cirrhosis with and without HIV coinfection.

Among patients with cirrhosis, recovery of liver function after SVR to all-oral direct-acting antivirals (DAA) in HIV/HCV coinfection could be different to that in HCV monoinfection. Because of this, we compared the changes in several markers of liver function between HCV-monoinfected and HIV/HCV-coinfected patients with cirrhosis who achieved SVR12 to DAA combinations. In this retrospective cohort study, cirrhotics included in the HEPAVIR-DAA and GEHEP-MONO cohorts were selected if they had SVR12 to all-oral DAAs.

Atherogenic Dyslipidemia in Latin America: Prevalence, causes and treatment: Expert's position paper made by The Latin American Academy for the Study of Lipids (ALALIP) Endorsed by the Inter-American Society of Cardiology (IASC), the South American Society of Cardiology (SSC), the Pan-American College of Endothelium (PACE), and the International Atherosclerosis Society (IAS).

Unlabelled: This is an executive summary made by a group of experts named Latin American Academy for the study of Lipids (ALALIP). In the current clinical guidelines, atherogenic dyslipidemia (AD) is a poorly recognized entity. Due to the frequent lipid alterations associated with AD in Latin America (LA), we organized a group of experts named (ALALIP) to generate a document in order to analyze their prevalence and to offer practical recommendations.

Evaluation of humoral immunity profiles to identify heart recipients at risk for development of severe infections: A multicenter prospective study.

Background: New biomarkers are necessary to improve detection of the risk of infection in heart transplantation. We performed a multicenter study to evaluate humoral immunity profiles that could better enable us to identify heart recipients at risk of severe infections.

Methods: We prospectively analyzed 170 adult heart recipients at 8 centers in Spain.

Different sensitization to storage mites depending on the co-exposure to house dust mites.

Background: Co-sensitization to house dust mites (HDMs) and storage mites (SMs) is very frequent, although the clinical relevance is not well established.

Objective: To describe the pattern of sensitization and immunologic characterization of patients with positive skin prick test reactions to HDMs and SMs in 4 areas of Spain, selected according to high exposure to HDMs and variable exposure to SMs.

Methods: One hundred sixty-nine individuals with positive skin prick test reactions to HDMs and SMs were included.

Rejection after conversion to a proliferation signal inhibitor in chronic heart transplantation.

We sought to determine the incidence, risk factors, and consequences of acute rejection (AR) after conversion from a calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) to a proliferation signal inhibitor (PSI) in maintenance heart transplantation. Relevant clinical data were retrospectively obtained for 284 long-term heart transplant recipients from nine centers in whom CNIs were replaced with a PSI (sirolimus or everolimus) between October 2001 and March 2009. The rejection rate at one yr was 8.

Availability and characteristics of cardiovascular rehabilitation programs in South America.

Purpose: Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programs decrease morbidity and mortality rates in patients with coronary artery disease, the leading cause of death in Latin America. This study was carried out to assess the characteristics and current level of CR program implementation in South America.

Methods: We carried out a survey of CR programs that were identified using the directory of the South American Society of Cardiology and through an exhaustive search by the investigators.

Mitochondrial haplogroups H and J: risk and protective factors for ischemic cardiomyopathy.

Background: Since mitochondria are the principal source of reactive oxygen species (ROS), these organelles may play an important role in ischemic cardiomyopathy (IC) development. The mitochondrial genome may influence this disease. The aim of the present study was to test the relationship between IC development and the impact of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) defining the mitochondrial haplogroups in a population study.

Withdrawal of proliferation signal inhibitors due to adverse events in the maintenance phase of heart transplantation.

Background: The increasing use of proliferation signal inhibitors (PSIs) has raised the issue of their risk profile. We sought to determine the causes, incidence, risk factors, and consequences of withdrawal due to adverse events of PSIs in maintenance heart transplantation.

Methods: This was a retrospective study from 9 centers of the Spanish Registry for Heart Transplantation.

Risk factors associated with moderate-to-severe renal dysfunction among heart transplant patients: results from the CAPRI study.

The longer survival of patients with heart transplantation (HT) favors calcineurin inhibitor-related chronic kidney disease (CKD). It behoves to identify risk factors. At 14 Spanish centers, data on 1062 adult patients with HT (age 59.

Prevalence and severity of renal dysfunction among 1062 heart transplant patients according to criteria based on serum creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate: results from the CAPRI study.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is staged on the basis of glomerular filtration rate; generally, the MDRD study estimate, eGFR, is used. Renal dysfunction (RD) in heart transplant (HT) patients is often evaluated solely in terms of serum creatinine (SCr). In a cross-sectional, 14-center study of 1062 stable adult HT patients aged 59.