Cerebral Myiasis, An Unexpected Intraoperative Finding - A Case Report and Systematic Review.

Postoperative complications, exemplified by surgical site infections, are commonplace in the realm of daily surgical interventions. Conversely, certain infectious entities, such as cerebral myiasis (CM), are distinctly rare. This report elucidates the clinical presentation of a 74-year-old female afflicted with a CSF fistula, within the context of a preceding surgical microvascular decompression employing a suboccipital craniotomy approach.

Augmented reality for intracranial meningioma resection: a mini-review.

Augmented reality (AR) integrates computer-generated content and real-world scenarios. Artificial intelligence's continuous development has allowed AR to be integrated into medicine. Neurosurgery has progressively introduced image-guided technologies.

Skull base osteomyelitis mimicking skull base tumor in immunocompetent pediatric patient: case report.

Central skull base osteomyelitis (CSBO) is a rare complication of infection in pediatric patients, especially when there are no comorbidities like immunosuppression or metabolic illness. The diagnosis of CSBO is a challenge in children, and imaging findings can mimic skull base tumor. We describe the clinical history and image diagnosis of a case in a 6-year-old girl with no relevant history who presented an extensive skull base lesion.

Dermal Sinus Tract associated with Type I and Type II Split Cord Malformation.

The dermal sinus tract of the spine is associated with other occult spinal dysraphisms, such as the split cord malformation (diastematomyelia) in a 40% of the cases and embryologically is not clearly defined if the dermal sinus and split cord malformation have origin in gastrulation or late primary neurulation, but the most accepted theory of the dermal sinus tract consists in early incomplete disjunction, which explains the relation with other spinal dysraphisms. Here, we present two cases, with a dermal sinus tract of the spine associated with Type I and Type II split cord malformation.

Meningitis for Secondary to Paradoxical Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea as a Complication of Retrosigmoid Approach.

Rhinorrhea secondary to a retrosigmoid approach is rare, but when it manifests, it is due to a paradoxical cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak, as a result of the communication between the mastoid cells, middle ear, and eustachian tube, which finally ends on the release of CSF through the nasopharynx. Abnormal communications increases the risk of infections, not only at the surgical site but also through an ascending path. Magnetic resonance cisternography (MRC) with intrathecal gadolinium injection through a lumbar puncture not only allows an adequate diagnosis but also helps to establish management plans.

Utility of the claw sign in spine magnetic nuclear resonance with diffusion to differentiate Modic type I changes for degenerative disease versus infection.

Background: In 1988, Modic and his colleagues described changes in the subchondral bone marrow of the vertebral plates in patients with degenerative disease or other pathologies, which were observed in the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) of the spine and were subdivided into three patterns of signal changes, called Modic type I, Modic type II and Modic type III. The main differential diagnosis of the Modic I changes of the vertebral plates due to degenerative disease in spine NMR, is infection in its early stages. In their study in 2014, Patel and collaborators, using a protocol and the concept of diffusion in spine MRI, were able to demonstrate that by means of the "claw sing", a degenerative disease with Modic type I changes, can be differentiated from an infection in early stages.