Non-toxigenic - just another cause of vibriosis or a potential new pandemic?

Although nontoxigenic usually stands in the shadow of the two serogroups (O1 and O139) that cause pandemic cholera, its role in human pathology is increasingly recognized and described in the literature. The habitat of these pathogens is brackish seawater or even freshwater, and the infections caused by them include contact with these waters or consumption of seafood originating in this habitat, which is constantly expanding because of global warming. This habitat extension is a typical example of climate change's impact on infectious diseases.

A Possible Tool for Guiding Therapeutic Approaches to Urinary Infections with : Analyzing a Dataset from a Romanian Tertiary Hospital.

The emergence of carbapenem-resistant pathogenic bacteria is a growing global public health concern. Carbapenem-resistant uropathogenic strains of can cause uncomplicated or complicated urinary tract infections, leading to a high risk of treatment failure and the spread of resistance determinants. The objectives of this 24-month study were to identify the prognostic characteristics of patients who were infected with carbapenem-resistant () and to create a tool to estimate the probability of a infection before having the complete results of a patient's antibiogram.

Carbapenem-Resistant NDM and OXA-48- Producing : From Menacing Superbug to a Mundane Bacteria; A Retrospective Study in a Romanian Tertiary Hospital.

Background: Carbapenem-resistant (Cr-Kpn) is becoming a growing public health problem through the failure of adequate treatment. This study's objectives are to describe the sources of Cr-Kpn in our hospital over 22 months, associating factors with the outcome of Cr-Kpn-positive patients, especially those with NDM+OXA-48- (New Delhi Metallo-β-Lactamase and oxacillinase-48) and the effectiveness of the treatments used.

Methods: A retrospective observational cohort study including all hospitalized patients with Cr-Kpn isolates.

Brain opportunistic infections and tumors in people living with HIV - still a challenge in efficient antiretroviral therapy era.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the incidence of brain opportunistic pathologies and survival in patients living with HIV from a Romanian tertiary center. A 15-year prospective observational study of brain opportunistic infections diagnosed in HIV-infected patients was performed at Victor Babes Hospital, Bucharest, between January 2006 and December 2021. Characteristics and survival were compared related to modes of HIV acquisition and type of opportunistic infection.

Anthrax meningoencephalitis complicated with brain abscess - A case report.

Bacillus anthracis is a sporulating gram-positive rod whose main route of entry into the human body is cutaneous. Anthrax meningitis is usually fulminant and fatal. We present here a successfully treated case of anthrax meningoencephalitis complicated with brain abscess.

Incidence and predictive biomarkers of Clostridioides difficile infection in hospitalized patients receiving broad-spectrum antibiotics.

Trial enrichment using gut microbiota derived biomarkers by high-risk individuals can improve the feasibility of randomized controlled trials for prevention of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI). Here, we report in a prospective observational cohort study the incidence of CDI and assess potential clinical characteristics and biomarkers to predict CDI in 1,007 patients ≥ 50 years receiving newly initiated antibiotic treatment with penicillins plus a beta-lactamase inhibitor, 3/4 generation cephalosporins, carbapenems, fluoroquinolones or clindamycin from 34 European hospitals. The estimated 90-day cumulative incidences of a first CDI episode is 1.

Investigating the potential use of an Antarctic variant of Janthinobacterium lividum for tackling antimicrobial resistance in a One Health approach.

The aim of this paper is to describe a new variant of Janthinobacterium lividum - ROICE173, isolated from Antarctic snow, and to investigate the antimicrobial effect of the crude bacterial extract against 200 multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria of both clinical and environmental origin, displaying various antibiotic resistance patterns. ROICE173 is extremotolerant, grows at high pH (5.5-9.

Proceedings of The 8th Romanian National HIV/AIDS Congress and The 3rd Central European HIV Forum : Sibiu, Romania. 5-7 May 2016.

O1 HIV-1 diversity in Bulgaria (current molecular epidemiological picture) Ivailo Alexiev, Reneta Dimitrova, Anna Gancheva, Asya Kostadinova, Mariyana Stoycheva, Daniela Nikolova, Ivaylo Elenkov O2 Knowledge, attitudes and practices of the general population on HIV/AIDS, hepatitis B and C in Romania Cătălin Tilișcan, Mioara Predescu, Bogdan Păunescu, Anca Streinu-Cercel, Oana Săndulescu, Claudiu Mihai Șchiopu, Mădălina Hristache, Lăcrămioara Aurelia Brîndușe, Adrian Streinu-Cercel O3 The prevalence of human leukocyte antigen-B*57:01 allele carriers and CXCR4 tropism among newly diagnosed HIV infected patients in Serbia Marija Todorovic, Marina Siljic, Dubravka Salemovic, Valentina Nikolic, Ivana Pesic-Pavlovic, Jovan Ranin, Djordje Jevtovic, Maja Stanojevic O4 HIV transmission among stable serodiscordant couples from the former Pediatric Cohort follow up in the National Institute of Infectious Diseases Ana Maria Tudor, Delia Vlad, Mariana Mărdărescu, Sorin Petrea, Cristina Petre, Ruxandra Neagu-Drăghicenoiu, Rodica Ungurianu, Alina Cibea, Odette Chirilă, Cristian Anghelina, Ileana Coserea O5 Unemployment is associated with syringe sharing among people who inject drugs in Greece Pantelia-Amalia Krikelli, Eirini Pavlitina, Mina Psichogiou, Demetris Lamnisos, Leslie Williams, Anya Korobchuk, Britt Skaathun, Pavlo Smyrnov, John Schneider, Vana Sypsa, Dimitrios Paraskevis, Angelos Hatzakis, Samuel R. Friedman, Georgios K. Nikolopoulos O6 Correlation of adipocytokine levels in different types of lipodystrophy in HIV/AIDS patients Gordana Dragović, Danica Srdić, Al Musalhi Khawla, Ivan Soldatović, Jelena Nikolić, Djordje Jevtović, Devaki Nair O7 IP10 – a possible biomarker for the progression of HIV infection Aura Temereanca, Adelina Rosca, Luminita Ene, Benchawa Soontornniyomkij, Carmen Diaconu, Claudia Dita, Cristian Achim, Simona Ruta O8 A permanent challenge: persistent low viremia in HIV positive patients on ART Șerban Benea, Ruxandra Moroti, Raluca Jipa, Eliza Manea, Andrada Stan, Elisabeta Benea, Dan Oțelea, Adriana Hristea O9 Infections in IDUs according to their HIV status Adriana Hristea, Irina Lăpădat, Raluca Jipa, Ruxandra Moroti, Șerban Benea, Doina Antonică, Irina Panait, Roxana Petre O10 Trends in combined antiretroviral therapy used in methadone program integrated with HIV care - 20 years of experience Justyna D.

Carbapenemase-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in Romania: A Six-Month Survey.

This study presents the first characterization of carbapenem-non-susceptible Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates by means of a structured six-month survey performed in Romania as part of an Europe-wide investigation. Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates from different anatomical sites were tested for antibiotic susceptibility by phenotypic methods and confirmed by PCR for the presence of four carbapenemase genes. Genome macrorestriction fingerprinting with XbaI was used to analyze the relatedness of carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates collected from eight hospitals.

Alarming increase in tuberculosis and hepatitis C virus (HCV) among HIV infected intravenous drug users.

Introduction: In the last years, we observed an alarming increase in the number of newly diagnosed HIV infected intravenous drug users (IDUs) co-infected with hepatitis viruses or with severe bacterial infections. The aim of our study was to assess the incidence, the demographic and clinical characteristics of IDUs diagnosed with HIV, HCV and tuberculosis (TB).

Materials And Methods: Prospective study on HIV infected IDUs with HCV and TB admitted in a single centre between January 2009 and April 2014.

Susceptibility testing of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Viridans streptococcal isolates against: quinolones, oxazolidinones and glycopeptides.

Unlabelled: The aim of this study was to test the susceptibility of 100 strains (pneumococci and viridans streptococci) isolated from oral and respiratory tract infections and their complications, against one antibiotic of each of the following classes: quinolones, oxazolidinones and glycopeptides.

Material And Methods: The Etest has been used in order to investigate the susceptibility of the isolates against levofloxacin, linezolid and vancomycin.

Results And Conclusions: As expected, the results of the study indicated that all isolates were susceptible to linezolid and vancomycin.

Methodology optimization and diversification for the investigation of virulence potential in Haemophilus influenzae clinical strains.

Ten Haemophilus influenzae strains were isolated from patients aged between 1.6 - 24 years, with various diagnoses (acute meningitis, acute upper respiratory infection, otitis media and acute sinusitis). Identification was based on phenotypic and molecular characteristics; antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed by diffusion method according to CLSI standards 2011 for seven antibiotics.

[Bacterial strains isolated from systemic infections and reported for evaluation and antibiotic resistance surveillance by the "Dr. Victor Babeş" Clinical Hospital for Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Bucharest].

Aim: Testing antibiotic resistance of bacterial strains (compulsor, reported for EARSS surveillance) isolated from patients hospitalised for systemic infection in the "Dr. V. Babe" Hospital for Infectious and Tropical Diseases during 01.

[Trends of antimicrobial resistance in microbial strains isolated from invasive infections in Romania. Experience of participation in EARSS (European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System), 2002-2008].

EARSS (European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System) is the biggest antimicrobial resistance surveillance project in the world financed from public finds, aiming to provide validated and comparable official data on antimicrobial resistance of invasive microbial strains (isolated from blood and CSF), belonging to 6 indicator bacterial species, i.e.: S.

[Study of Streptococcus pneumoniae strains resistant to antibiotics analyzed at "Cantacuzino" NIRDMI during 2006-2008].

Objective: The aim of the this study was the analysis of the resistance to antibiotics of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated in last years.

Methods: 328 S. pneumoniae strains, coming from blood, CSF tracheal aspirate (TA), or sputum, pleural fluid (PL) and other samples (ear and sinus fluid) isolated in 2006-2008, were analyzed at INCDMI "Cantacuzino", National Reference Center for Streptococcus pneumoniae.

Laboratory diagnosis of infectious diarrhoea syndrome; a three years study in two hospitals of infectious diseases.

Infectious diarrhoea is a syndrome caused by a variety of bacterial, viral and parasitic organisms which represents a major cause of morbidity and mortality all over the world. The wide diversity of etiological agents impairs the surveillance and the diagnosis and affects the correct treatment applied to reduce the long-term complications. Besides well known enteric pathogens such as Salmonella, Shigella and Yersinia, a high number of emergent and re-emergent aetiologies are now recognised to be at the origin of diarrhoea.

Identification of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance qnr-like genes in Romanian clinical isolates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae.

A collection of putative ESBL-producing Escherichia coli (119 isolates) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (122 isolates) originating from extraintestinal human specimens was screened for qnrA, qnrB, and qnrS-like genes by PCR. Seven K. pneumoniae isolates, which were resistant to ciprofloxacin, were detected as carrying qnrA1-like genes, while one K.

The in vitro susceptibility to 7 antibiotics of Neisseria meningitidis strains isolated last years in Romania.

Thirty-one strains of Neisseria meningitidis strains coming from CSF, collected at the National Reference Center for Meningococci between January 2007-March 2008 were serogrouped and analysed for the susceptibility to 7 antibiotics: penicillin (Pc), erythromycin (Em), ceftriaxone (Cro), cefotaxime (Ctx), ciprofloxacin (Cip), rifampin (Rif), sulfonamides (Sm). Results revealed that serogroup B accounted to the highest number of strains (51.7%), followed by serogroup C (35.