Longitudinal Impacts of High Versus Low Greenness on Cardiovascular Disease Conditions.

Background: Greenness-or vegetative presence-has been identified as a factor in chronic disease. The present study examines the longitudinal relationship between objective measures of greenness at the residential block level and incidence of 6 cardiovascular disease conditions.

Methods And Results: Analyses examined the impact of consistently high versus consistently low "precision" greenness at the Census block level on the 5-year incidence of cardiovascular disease conditions, including acute myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation, heart failure, ischemic heart disease, stroke/transient ischemic attack, and hypertension, among 229 034 US Medicare beneficiaries in Miami-Dade County, Florida, USA.

Clinical Use of Paraprobiotics for Pregnant Women with Periodontitis: Randomized Clinical Trial.

Periodontal disease is very common in pregnant women. Paraprobiotics are a subset of probiotics. They can be defined as inactivated microbial cells providing health benefits to the host and are considered particularly safe.

The knowledge of orthodontic and craniofacial growth amongst Italian Pediatric Medical Residents for early diagnosis in growing patients: a cross-sectional study.

Paediatric residents usually visit children since the first years of life and can potentially diagnose craniofacial anomalies and malocclusions. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the ability of paediatric medical residents to diagnose malocclusions in growing subjects at an early stage. Eighty-three paediatric medical residents from the University of Pavia, Italy, who were enrolled in the Paediatric Residency program, participated in an online questionnaire.

Smartphone Applications in Dentistry: A Scoping Review.

This scoping review aims to investigate the latest literature concerning the use of smartphone applications (apps) in the prevention, management, and monitoring of oral diseases. Smartphone applications are software programs that are designed to run on smartphones. Nowadays, smartphones are regularly used by people of all ages, and mobile health apps (MHAs) represent an important means of spreading information related to oral health, which is the state of the mouth and teeth, including the gums and other tissues.

[Analysis of the Argentine residency system from the paradigm of Complexity Sciences].

Aim: The objective is to carry out an analysis of the system of residences in Health in Argentina from the Theory of Complexity, in order to improve the understanding of the reality of this system, allowing an analysis to be carried out from another perspective different from the traditional.

Source And Synthesis Of Data: In this review, the properties and characteristics of the residence system are analyzed according to the new paradigm of the Science of Complexity. For those who make decisions about the residential training of young professionals, full knowledge of the system in a holistic way and reflection on the characteristics of an open system applied to the residential system is of great importance and, it gives (or can give off) great benefits and possible improvements for those who live the day to day of these training programs.

The impact of preoperative nutritional screening, ERAS protocol, and mini-invasive surgery in surgical oncology: A multi-institutional SEM analysis of patients with digestive cancer.

Background: Mini-invasive surgery (MIS), ERAS, and preoperative nutritional screening are currently used to reduce complications and the length of hospital stay (LOS); however, inter-variable correlations have seldom been explored. This research aimed to define inter-variable correlations in a large series of patients with gastrointestinal cancer and their impact on outcomes.

Methods: Patients with consecutive cancer who underwent radical gastrointestinal surgery between 2019 and 2020 were analyzed.

Impacted Palatal Canines and Diode Laser Surgery: A Case Report.

Introduction: Maxillary canine is the most frequent dental element that could likely remain impacted in the bone structure, with a percentage between 1 and 5%. This study presents a case report using a diode laser for surgical-orthodontics disinclusion of a palatal mucosal impacted permanent left upper canine (2.3) and the simultaneous application of an orthodontic bracket.

Development of a list of minimum procedures for certifying competence in gastrointestinal endoscopy by the Delphi method.

Background: within the frame of reference of any medical specialty, having a consensus list of the type and number of practices characterizing its professional work is key. Thus, the goal of this study was to define a list of minimum procedures to ensure competence in gastrointestinal endoscopy based on a structured consensus process, and to explore the views of leading experts in gastrointestinal endoscopy regarding endoscopist training in Argentina and the need for competence certification.

Materials And Methods: this research entailed a mixed-methods prospective study including using the Delphi method as focus group qualitative research technique, followed by a structured survey.

Distribution and prognostic value of high-sensitive troponin T measurement in patients with type 2 diabetes without cardiovascular disease.

Aim: The objective of this work was to define a value for the 99th percentile of high-sensitive troponin T and to evaluate the prognostic value of this biomarker in a population of patients with type 2 diabetes without a history of cardiovascular disease.

Methods: In this prospective, observational and analytic study, 482 patients with type 2 diabetes were enrolled. The patients were asymptomatic, with no history of cardiovascular events, renal insufficiency, or inflammatory or systemic disease.

Relationship of Neighborhood Greenness to Alzheimer's Disease and Non-Alzheimer's Dementia Among 249,405 U.S. Medicare Beneficiaries.

Background: Neighborhood greenness (vegetative presence) has been linked to multiple health outcomes, but its relationship to Alzheimer's disease (AD) and non-Alzheimer's (non-AD) dementia has been less studied.

Objective: This study examines the relationship of greenness to both AD and non-AD dementia in a population-based sample of Medicare beneficiaries.

Methods: Participants were 249,405 US Medicare beneficiaries aged > 65 years living in Miami-Dade County, FL, from 2010 to 2011.

Influence of different lipid emulsions on specific immune cell functions in head and neck cancer patients receiving supplemental parenteral nutrition: An exploratory analysis.

Objectives: The effect of diet on immune responses is an area of intense investigation. Dietary lipids have been shown to differently influence and fine-tune the reactivity of immune cell subsets, thus potentially affecting clinical outcomes. Patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma face malnutrition, due to swallowing impairment related to the tumor site or to treatment sequalae, and may need supplemental parenteral nutrition (SPN) in addition to oral feeding when enteral nutrition is not feasible.

Objective Measurement of Physical Activity Attributed to a Park-Based Afterschool Program.

Background: Only 24% of US youth meet physical activity recommendations set by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Research demonstrates that community-based programs provide underresourced minority youth with opportunities for routine physical activity, although limited work draws from accelerometry data. This study objectively assessed youth physical activity attributable to participation (vs nonparticipation) days in a park-based afterschool program in Miami-Dade County, Miami, FL.

Distribution and prognostic value of high-sensitive troponin T measurement in patients with type 2 diabetes without cardiovascular disease.

Aim: The objective of this work was to define a value for the 99th percentile of high-sensitive troponin T and to evaluate the prognostic value of this biomarker in a population of patients with type 2 diabetes without a history of cardiovascular disease.

Methods: In this prospective, observational and analytic study, 482 patients with type 2 diabetes were enrolled. The patients were asymptomatic, with no history of cardiovascular events, renal insufficiency, or inflammatory or systemic disease.

QOLEC2: a randomized controlled trial on nutritional and respiratory counseling after esophagectomy for cancer.

Background: Esophagectomy for cancer strongly impairs quality of life. The aim of this trial was to evaluate the effect of the nutritional and respiratory counseling on postoperative quality of life.

Methods: At hospital discharge, patients were randomized into four groups receiving respectively: nutritional and respiratory counseling, nutritional counseling alone, respiratory counseling alone, or standard care.

Challenges faced by chief residents: difficulties and achievements of this role in a community teaching hospital.

Introduction: The chief resident plays a strategic role in terms of leadership and cohesion among residents.

Objective: To characterize the activities developed by chief residents and identify their achievements and difficulties.

Methods: A survey about demographic outcome measures, activities performed, most and least gratifying situations, and training needs was completed.

Association of a Park-Based Violence Prevention and Mental Health Promotion After-School Program With Youth Arrest Rates.

This cohort study estimates the association of a park-based violence prevention and mental health promotion after-school program with youth arrest rates in Miami-Dade County, Florida.

Two-Year Changes in Neighborhood Juvenile Arrests After Implementation of a Park-Based Afterschool Mental Health Promotion Program in Miami-Dade County, Florida, 2015-2017.

To examine the association of Fit2Lead, an afterschool park-based youth mental health promotion program, and neighborhood juvenile arrests (2015-2017) in Miami-Dade County, Florida. We tracked juvenile (ages 12-17 years) arrest rates over 2 years of program implementation across zip codes matched by (1) park and (2) baseline sociodemographics and youth arrests. Fit2Lead mental and physical health, meditation, resilience, and life skills activities were offered in 12 high-need areas for youths (n = 501) aged 12 to 17 years.

Neighbourhood greenness and depression among older adults.

Background: Neighbourhood greenness or vegetative presence has been associated with indicators of health and well-being, but its relationship to depression in older adults has been less studied. Understanding the role of environmental factors in depression may inform and complement traditional depression interventions, including both prevention and treatment.AimsThis study examines the relationship between neighbourhood greenness and depression diagnoses among older adults in Miami-Dade County, Florida, USA.

Does transportation vulnerability explain the relationship between changes in exposure to segregation and youth cardiovascular health?

Transportation vulnerability (lack of community/personal access to transportation that in turn increases the risk for health or financial consequences in the event of hardship/disease/disasters) may be an important mechanistic factor linking residential segregation to youth cardiovascular health inequities. This natural experiment examined the impact of transportation vulnerability on the association between changes in exposure to residential segregation and cardiovascular health among minority youth (n = 2,129, mean age 9.1 years, 54% male; 52% Hispanic, 48% non-Hispanic black [NHB]; 49% high area poverty) over two years.

Relationship of Neighborhood Greenness to Heart Disease in 249 405 US Medicare Beneficiaries.

Background Nature exposures may be associated with reduced risk of heart disease. The present study examines the relationship between objective measures of neighborhood greenness (vegetative presence) and 4 heart disease diagnoses (acute myocardial infarction, ischemic heart disease, heart failure, and atrial fibrillation) in a population-based sample of Medicare beneficiaries. Methods and Results The sample included 249 405 Medicare beneficiaries aged 65 years and older whose location ( ZIP +4) in Miami-Dade County, Florida, did not change from 2010 to 2011.

Natural experiment examining the longitudinal association between change in residential segregation and youth cardiovascular health across race/ethnicity and gender in the USA.

Background: Identifying how racial/ethnic residential segregation and mobility may impact health can guide innovative strategies for reducing youth disparities.

Methods: This natural experiment examined the association between change in residential segregation and cardiovascular health outcomes across race/ethnicity and gender for youth (n=2250, mean age 9.1 years, 54% male; 51% Hispanic, 49% non-Hispanic black (NHB); 49% high area poverty) attending a multisite park-based afterschool fitness programme in Florida, USA.

Impact of change in neighborhood racial/ethnic segregation on cardiovascular health in minority youth attending a park-based afterschool program.

Research on the mechanistic factors associating racial/ethnic residential segregation with health is needed to identify effective points of intervention to ultimately reduce health disparities in youth. We examined the association of changes in racial/ethnic segregation and cardiovascular health outcomes including body mass index percentile, sum of skinfold thicknesses, systolic and diastolic blood pressure percentile, and 400 m run time in non-Hispanic Black (NHB) and Hispanic youth (n = 2,250, mean age 9.1 years, 54% male; 51% Hispanic, 49% NHB; 49% high area poverty; 25% obese) attending Fit2Play™, a multisite park-based afterschool program in Miami, Florida, USA.

Health Disparities in the Relationship of Neighborhood Greenness to Mental Health Outcomes in 249,405 U.S. Medicare Beneficiaries.

Prior studies suggest that exposure to the natural environment may be important for optimal mental health. The present study examines the association between block-level greenness (vegetative presence) and mental health outcomes, in a population-based sample of 249,405 U.S.

Longitudinal analysis of cardiovascular disease risk profile in neighbourhood poverty subgroups: 5-year results from an afterschool fitness programme in the USA.

Background: The WHO calls for affordable population-based prevention strategies for reducing the global burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) on morbidity and mortality; however, effective, sustainable and accessible community-based approaches for CVD prevention in at-risk youth have yet to be identified. We examined the effects of implementing a daily park-based afterschool fitness programme on youth CVD risk profiles over 5 years and across area poverty subgroups.

Methods: The study included 2264 youth (mean age 9.