Deciphering the role of protein kinase A in the control of FoxP3 expression in regulatory T cells in health and autoimmunity.

The molecular mechanisms that govern differential T cell development from CD4CD25conventional T (Tconv) into CD4CD25 forkhead-box-P3 (FoxP3) inducible regulatory T (iTreg) cells remain unclear. Herein, we investigated the relative contribution of protein kinase A (PKA) in this process. Mechanistically, we found that PKA controlled the efficiency of human iTreg cell generation through the expression of different FoxP3 splicing variants containing or not the exon 2.

Multidisciplinary Approach to the Diagnosis and Therapy of Mycosis Fungoides.

Mycosis fungoides is the most common primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, characterized by skin-homing CD4+ T cells derivation, indolent course, and low-grade of malignancy. Mycosis fungoides's classic type typically onsets with cutaneous erythematous patches, plaque, and tumor. In WHO-EORTC classification, folliculotropic mycosis fungoides, pagetoid reticulosis, and granulomatous slack skin are recognized as distinct variants of mycosis fungoides, because of their clinical and histological features, behavior, and /or prognosis.

The RNA-Binding Protein SMN as a Novel Player in Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) arises from the mucosal epithelium in the oral cavity, pharynx, sino-nasal region, and larynx. Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) represents one-third of all head and neck cancers. Dysregulated RNA-related pathways define an important molecular signature in this aggressive carcinoma.

Signals of pseudo-starvation unveil the amino acid transporter SLC7A11 as key determinant in the control of Treg cell proliferative potential.

Human CD4CD25FOXP3 regulatory T (Treg) cells are key players in the control of immunological self-tolerance and homeostasis. Here, we report that signals of pseudo-starvation reversed human Treg cell in vitro anergy through an integrated transcriptional response, pertaining to proliferation, metabolism, and transmembrane solute carrier transport. At the molecular level, the Treg cell proliferative response was dependent on the induction of the cystine/glutamate antiporter solute carrier (SLC)7A11, whose expression was controlled by the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2).

Use of Rituximab in NHL Malt Type Pregnant in I° Trimester for Two Times.

Administration of rituximab, one of the basic drugs for the therapy of B-cell lymphoproliferative diseases, during pregnancy has been suspected to cause developmental fetal events, particularly if given during the first trimester of pregnancy. Therefore, use in pregnancy is not permitted. Howe ver, several cases of pregnant women being treated with rituximab are reported herein; an exception is often made in cases with grave illness.

Reduced Annexin A1 Expression Associates with Disease Severity and Inflammation in Multiple Sclerosis Patients.

Chronic neuroinflammation is a key pathological hallmark of multiple sclerosis (MS) that suggests that resolution of inflammation by specialized proresolving molecules is dysregulated in the disease. Annexin A1 (ANXA1) is a protein induced by glucocorticoids that facilitates resolution of inflammation through several mechanisms that include an inhibition of leukocyte recruitment and activation. In this study, we investigated the ability of ANXA1 to influence T cell effector function in relapsing/remitting MS (RRMS), an autoimmune disease sustained by proinflammatory Th1/Th17 cells.

An immunometabolic pathomechanism for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an inflammatory condition associated with abnormal immune responses, leading to airflow obstruction. Lungs of COPD subjects show accumulation of proinflammatory T helper (Th) 1 and Th17 cells resembling that of autoreactive immune responses. As regulatory T (T) cells play a central role in the control of autoimmune responses and their generation and function are controlled by the adipocytokine leptin, we herein investigated the association among systemic leptin overproduction, reduced engagement of glycolysis in T cells, and reduced peripheral frequency of T cells in different COPD stages.

Circulating microRNA changes in heart failure patients treated with cardiac resynchronization therapy: responders vs. non-responders.

Aims: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in the pathogenesis of structural alterations of the failing heart through their ability to regulate negatively the expression levels of genes that govern the process of adaptive and maladaptive cardiac remodelling. We studied whether LV reverse remodelling after CRT was associated with changes of circulating miRNAs in patients with heart failure (HF) and dyssynchrony.

Methods And Results: A prospective, non-randomized self-control trial was performed in 81 patients with HF eligible for CRT.

Crestal minimally-invasive sinus lift on severely resorbed maxillary crest: prospective study.

Objectives: This case series aimed to explore the clinical outcome of sinus floor elevation surgery using a crestal approach technique in case of severely resorbed maxillae.

Material And Methods: Seventeen edentulous patients received 20 implants and sinus floor elevation in posterior maxillae with residual crestal height of 1.2-5.

Clinical evaluation of a ridge augmentation procedure for the severely resorbed alveolar socket: multicenter randomized controlled trial, preliminary results.

Objective: To radiographically analyze extraction sites left untreated or treated using a socket preservation technique.

Materials And Methods: A total of 20 patients scheduled for single extraction in the maxilla from second to second premolar were enrolled in this study. All sites showed a bone defect >5 mm at the buccal wall and no soft tissue recession.

A case series on crestal sinus elevation with rotary instruments.

Purpose: This case series aimed to evaluate the clinical outcome of a crestal approach technique in sinus floor elevation surgery with insertion of an alloplastic material.

Material And Methods: A total of 50 edentulous patients received 64 implants and sinus floor elevation in posterior maxillae with residual crestal height 1.2 to 9.

Heparin versus bivalirudin for carotid artery stenting using proximal endovascular clamping for neuroprotection: results from a prospective randomized study.

Background: General recommendations indicate that, during a carotid artery stenting (CAS), sufficient unfractionated heparin (UFH) has to be given to maintain the activated clotting time between 250 to 300 seconds. Bivalirudin use is able to reduce postprocedural bleedings in percutaneous interventions when compared with UFH. The study purpose was to evaluate, in a randomized study, the safety and efficacy of bivalirudin versus heparin during CAS, using proximal endovascular occlusion (PEO) as a distal protection device.