The gut microbiota as an early predictor of COVID-19 severity.

Several studies reported alterations of the human gut microbiota (GM) during COVID-19. To evaluate the potential role of the GM as an early predictor of COVID-19 at disease onset, we analyzed gut microbial samples of 315 COVID-19 patients that differed in disease severity. We observed significant variations in microbial diversity and composition associated with increasing disease severity, as the reduction of short-chain fatty acid producers such as and , and the growth of pathobionts as and .

What are the nursing competencies related to antimicrobial stewardship and how they have been assessed? Results from an integrative rapid review.

Background: Antimicrobial resistance issues, and the consequent demand for antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) programs, need to be investigated urgently and clearly. Considering the large amount of time nurses spend at patients' bedside, the aim of the present study was to examine recent literature on nursing competency in AMS.

Methods: Drawing from Tricco and colleagues' seven-stage process, a rapid review was performed.

Organizational citizenship behaviour as a protective factor against the occurrence of adverse nursing-sensitive outcomes: A multilevel investigation.

Aims: This study aimed to investigate the association between organizational citizenship behaviour enacted by nurses and the occurrence of adverse nursing-sensitive patient outcomes.

Background: Managing psychosocial factors (i.e.

Long-Term Patient-Centred Follow-up in a Prospective Cohort of Patients with COVID-19.

Introduction: To better define COVID-19 long-term impact we prospectively analysed patient-centred outcomes, including general health and symptom duration.

Methods: Barthel index (BI), St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire adapted to patients with COVID-19 (aSGRQ) and WHO Clinical Progression Scale (CPS) were measured at enrolment and at 6 weeks from the onset of symptoms.

[Nursing sensitive outcomes: the results of a multicentre study].

Unlabelled: . Nursing sensitive outcomes: the results of a multicentre study.

Introduction: The relationship between staffing characteristics and nursing sensitive outcomes has been explored in several studies.

[Nursing sensitive outcomes and staffing: a review on healthcare associated infection].

Unlabelled: . Nursing sensitive outcomes and staffing: a review on healthcare associated infection.

Introduction: Healthcare associated infections (HAI) continue to be an unresolved problem in hospital settings.

Sociodemographic, clinical and organisational factors associated with delayed hospital discharges: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Evidence from studies conducted in Western countries indicates that a significant proportion of hospital beds are occupied by patients who experience a delayed hospital discharge (DHD). However, evidence about this topic is lacking in Italy, and little is known on the patients' and organisational characteristics that influence DHDs. Therefore, we carried out a survey in all the hospitals of a Northern Italian region to analyse the prevalence and the determinants of DHD.

Healthcare-related infections outside the hospital: a new frontier for infection control.

In all industrialized countries, an increasing number of persons are cared for outside the acute hospitals: thus, infection control programs should be adapted to the new scenario. This paper briefly reviews the epidemiological features of infections acquired outside the acute care hospital, focusing on residential homes for the elderly. An intervention study aimed at reducing the healthcare associated infections in 22 residential facilities in Emilia-Romagna region is described.

Rates of surgical-site infection: an international comparison.

Objectives: To quantify the occurrence of surgical-site infections (SSIs) in an Italian region and to estimate the proportion of potentially avoidable infections through benchmarking comparison.

Design: Prospective study during 1 month based on a convenience sample of surgical patients admitted to 31 public hospitals. All of the patients undergoing an intervention included among the 44 operative procedures of the National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (NNIS) System were enrolled.

[Prevalence and prevention and treatment modalities for pressure sores. Study of the Emilia-Romagna region].

This audit initiative aimed at assessing the prevalence of pressure sores in the public hospitals of Emilia-Romagna, and at monitoring the rate of use of specific modalities of prevention and cure. The design was cross-sectional, with information collected on three index days during 2000 by trained personnel. Overall, the prevalence of pressure sores at the regional level was 7.