Moderately Advanced Local Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma With Significant Tumor Burden.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a prevalent malignancy with a steadily increasing incidence. Associated risk factors range from tobacco use to the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Despite advances in therapeutic options, there have been minimal improvements in the survival rate and percentage of morbidity and mortality.

Incidental Bilateral Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (DCIS) in Excisional Surgery for Gynecomastia.

Male breast cancer is a rare disease, and it is important to have a high index of suspicion in patients presenting with breast symptoms, such as a breast mass or nipple discharge. Most male patients who are diagnosed with breast cancer present with breast complaints and/or a strong family history of cancer. Here, we will present a 47-year-old male patient who was diagnosed with bilateral ductal carcinoma in situ during a routine gynecomastia surgery after massive weight loss.

Treatment of Nocardia Chorioretinitis Related Choroidal Neovascularization with Aflibercept: A Case of Unveiled Immunocompromise with anti-GM-CSF Antibodies.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe a case of Nocardia chorioretinitis-related choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in a patient with anti-GM-CSF antibodies with resolution of choroidal neovascularization and visual recovery following a series of intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor.

Methods: This study is a case report.

Results: In our case, a 50-year-old female, thought to be immunocompetent, presented with metamorphopsia and decreased visual acuity in the left eye in the setting of disseminated Nocardiosis.

Heavy metals in biological samples of cancer patients: a systematic literature review.

The majority of the so-called heavy metals are suspected to be involved in a number of pathologies and play a role in human carcinogenesis. Some of them (i.e.

Assessing the Predictive Power of the Hemoglobin/Red Cell Distribution Width Ratio in Cancer: A Systematic Review and Future Directions.

: The hemoglobin (Hb)/red cell distribution width (RDW) ratio has emerged as an accessible, repeatable, and inexpensive prognostic factor that may predict survival in cancer patients. The focus of this systematic review is to investigate the prognostic role of the Hb/RDW ratio in cancer and the implications for clinical practice. : A literature search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases was performed by an independent author between 18 March and 30 March 2023 to collect relevant literature that assessed the prognostic value of the Hb/RDW ratio in cancer.

Impact of COVID-19 on Medical Education: A Narrative Review of Reports from Selected Countries.

The COVID-19 pandemic presented unprecedented challenges to medical training worldwide. Many studies examining barriers, such as student safety concerns and technological issues for adaptability to a virtual learning mode, were conducted during social distancing and described the pandemic's impact on medical education. This narrative sought to review how medical schools adapted to the pandemic and to provide a unique analysis of the challenges faced in delivering medical curricula worldwide.

Harnessing Minimal Residual Disease as a Predictor for Colorectal Cancer: Promising Horizons Amidst Challenges.

Minimal Residual Disease (MRD) detection has emerged as an independent factor in clinical and pathological cancer assessment offering a highly effective method for predicting recurrence in colorectal cancer (CRC). The ongoing research initiatives such as the DYNAMIC and CIRCULATE-Japan studies, have revealed the potential of MRD detection based on circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) to revolutionize management for CRC patients. MRD detection represents an opportunity for risk stratification, treatment guidance, and early relapse monitoring.

Endogenous retrovirus group FRD member 1 is a potential biomarker for prognosis and immunotherapy for kidney renal clear cell carcinoma.

Introduction: The activation of endogenous retroviral (ERV) genes in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) suggests the necessity for further research on their functions.

Methods: In this study, KIRC and healthy cohorts were obtained from TGGA and GEO datasets. Subsequently, differential analysis and functional annotation were conducted using GO, KEGG, and GSEA.

Decoding the Microbiome's Influence on Rheumatoid Arthritis.

The aim is better to understand and critically explore and present the available data from observational studies on the pathogenetic role of the microbiome in the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The electronic databases PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were screened for the relevant literature published in the last ten years. The primary outcomes investigated included the influence of the gut microbiome on the pathogenesis and development of rheumatoid arthritis, exploring the changes in microbiota diversity and relative abundance of microbial taxa in individuals with RA and healthy controls (HCs).

Age-Related Cognitive Decline, Focus on Microbiome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Aging is a complex process influenced by genetics and the environment, leading to physiological decline and increased susceptibility to diseases. Cognitive decline is a prominent feature of aging, with implications for different neurodegenerative disorders. The gut microbiome has gained attention for its potential impact on health and disease, including cognitive function.

Biomarker dynamics affecting neoadjuvant therapy response and outcome of HER2-positive breast cancer subtype.

HER2+ breast cancer (BC) is an aggressive subtype genetically and biologically heterogeneous. We evaluate the predictive and prognostic role of HER2 protein/gene expression levels combined with clinico-pathologic features in 154 HER2+ BCs patients who received trastuzumab-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT). The tumoral pathological complete response (pCR) rate was 40.

Therapeutic Landscapes in Colorectal Carcinoma.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a disease of major public health and socioeconomic concern [...

Quantitative Metabolomics to Explore the Role of Plasma Polyamines in Colorectal Cancer.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the major public health and socio-economic problems, which management demands the development of non-invasive screening tests. Assessment of circulating polyamines could be a valuable tool, although analytical problems still preclude its clinical practice. We exploited ultra-high-resolution liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry, as a highly sensitive and innovative method, to profile eleven polyamines, including spermine and spermidine with their acetylated forms.

Antineoplastic Properties by Proapoptotic Mechanisms Induction of and Its Sesquiterpene Lactones Tomentosin and Inuviscolide.

Cancer is a complex disease including approximately 200 different entities that can potentially affect all body tissues. Among the conventional treatments, radiotherapy and chemotherapy are most often applied to different types of cancers. Despite substantial advances in the development of innovative antineoplastic drugs, cancer remains one of the most significant causes of death, worldwide.

Role of Polyamines as Biomarkers in Lymphoma Patients: A Pilot Study.

Lymphomas represent a heterogeneous and widely diversified group of neoplastic diseases rising from a variety of lymphoid subsets at heterogeneous differentiation stages. These lymphoproliferative disorders lead to the clinicopathological complexity of the classification of lymphoid neoplasms, describing to date more than 40 categories of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and 5 categories of Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL). Inflammation has been shown to play a key role in the evolution of cancer diseases, and it might be interesting to understand their role also in the context of lymphoid neoplasms.

Impact on breast cancer susceptibility and clinicopathological traits of common genetic polymorphisms in and genes in Sardinian women.

Common variants of genes involved in DNA damage correction [tumor protein p53 (, murine double 2 homolog oncoprotein ( and ataxia-telengiectasia mutated ()] may serve a role in cancer predisposition. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the association of five variants in these genes with breast cancer risk and clinicopathological traits in a cohort of 261 women from northern Sardinia. Polymorphic variants in (rs17878362, rs1042522 and rs1625895), (rs2279744) and (rs1799757) were determined by PCR and TaqMan single nucleotide polymorphism assay in patients with breast cancer (n=136) and healthy controls (n=125).

Deciphering clinical significance of BCL11A isoforms and protein expression roles in triple-negative breast cancer subtype.

Purpose: Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive clinical tumor, accounting for about 25% of breast cancer (BC) related deaths. Chemotherapy is the only therapeutic option to treat TNBC, hence a detailed understanding of the biology and its categorization is required. To investigate the clinical relevance of BCL11A in TNBC subtype, we focused on gene and protein expression and its mutational status in a large cohort of this molecular subtype.

Interleukin-3-Receptor-α in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC): An Additional Novel Biomarker of TNBC Aggressiveness and a Therapeutic Target.

Tumour molecular annotation is mandatory for biomarker discovery and personalised approaches, particularly in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) lacking effective treatment options. In this study, the interleukin-3 receptor α (IL-3Rα) was investigated as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in TNBC. IL-3Rα expression and patients' clinical and pathological features were retrospectively analysed in 421 TNBC patients.

miRNAs as Molecular Biomarkers for Prostate Cancer.

miRNAs are short noncoding RNAs able to regulate specific mRNA stability, thus influencing target gene expression. Disrupted levels of several miRNAs have been associated with prostate cancer (PC), the leading cause of cancer death among men and the fifth leading cause of death worldwide. Herein, we investigated whether miR-145, miR-148, and miR-185 circulating levels in plasma could be used as molecular biomarkers, to allow distinguishing between individuals with benign prostatic hyperplasia, precancerous lesions, and PC.

Metaproteomic Profile of the Colonic Luminal Microbiota From Patients With Colon Cancer.

Recent studies have provided evidence of interactions among the gut microbiota (GM), local host immune cells, and intestinal tissues in colon carcinogenesis. However, little is known regarding the functions exerted by the GM in colon cancer (CC), particularly with respect to tumor clinical classification and lymphocyte infiltration. In addition, stool, usually employed as a proxy of the GM, cannot fully represent the original complexity of CC microenvironment.

Prognostic Role of Androgen Receptor Expression in HER2+ Breast Carcinoma Subtypes.

HER2+ breast cancer (BC) is an aggressive subtype representing a genetically and biologically heterogeneous group of tumors resulting in variable prognosis and treatment response to HER2-targeted therapies according to estrogen (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) expression. The relationship with androgen receptors (AR), a member of the steroid hormone's family, is unwell known in BC. The present study aims to evaluate the prognostic impact of AR expression in HER2+ BC subtypes.

A Portrait of Intratumoral Genomic and Transcriptomic Heterogeneity at Single-Cell Level in Colorectal Cancer.

In the study of cancer, omics technologies are supporting the transition from traditional clinical approaches to precision medicine. Intra-tumoral heterogeneity (ITH) is detectable within a single tumor in which cancer cell subpopulations with different genome features coexist in a patient in different tumor areas or may evolve/differ over time. Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is characterized by heterogeneous features involving genomic, epigenomic, and transcriptomic alterations.