A Comprehensive Overview of Additive Manufacturing Processes Through a Time-Based Classification Model.

The ongoing crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic produced major reshuffles on the world map, bringing imbalance, uncertainty, and accumulated stress. Due to supply chain disruptions, the need for innovation has emerged both as a priority and a necessity and three-dimensional printing (3DP) proved to be a primary, smart, effective, and innovative additive manufacturing (AM) method. AM refers to the direct fabrication of complex geometries, using a computer-aided design (CAD) model or a three-dimensional scanner output.

Is COVID-19 the "Catalyst" to Incorporate 3D Printing Technology into the Manufacturing Industry?

The contribution of the fight against COVID-19 to the incorporation of 3D printing technology into the manufacturing industry is the research question of this study. By observing the structure of initiatives of hobbyists and enterprises in the 3D printing industry that are printing health care equipment for nursing staff, we conclude that 3D printing technology could be used for mass production under a different production model. We propose two different typologies of a factory's structure, calling them "Adjust-Semi Cloud Factory 1" and "Semi-Cloud Factory 2.

Dexmedetomidine for the reduction of emergence delirium in children undergoing tonsillectomy with propofol anesthesia: A double-blind, randomized study.

Background: Postanesthesia emergence delirium is a motor agitation state complicating pediatric anesthesia. We investigated the efficacy of dexmedetomidine in reducing emergence delirium in children undergoing tonsillectomy with and without adenoidectomy using total intravenous anesthesia with propofol.

Methods: This was a prospective, single-center, double-blind, randomized study.

Permanent pacemaker implantation in octogenarians with unexplained syncope and positive electrophysiologic testing.

Background: Syncope is a common problem in the elderly, and a permanent pacemaker is a therapeutic option when a bradycardic etiology is revealed. However, the benefit of pacing when no association of symptoms to bradycardia has been shown is not clear, especially in the elderly.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of pacing on syncope-free mortality in patients aged 80 years or older with unexplained syncope and "positive" invasive electrophysiologic testing (EPT).

Inverse association of coronary soluble tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis inducing ligand (sTRAIL) levels to in-stent neointimal hyperplasia.

Objectives: Soluble tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis inducing ligand (sTRAIL) has been shown to exert protective action against atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to investigate potential associations of coronary sTRAIL levels with indices of in-stent neointimal hyperplasia.

Methods: 67 patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention with drug-eluting stent were followed up at approximately 12 months with determination of coronary sTRAIL concentration, angiography and intravascular ultrasound evaluation of the stent sites.

Novel direct factor IIa and Xa inhibitors: mechanisms of action and preclinical studies.

The need to overcome certain limitations of the existing anticoagulant agents (heparin, LMWH and VKAs) and to achieve more convenient long-term anticoagulation has fueled the quest for the "ideal anticoagulant", an agent that would exert at least similar antithrombotic effects with a substantially improved pharmacologic profile and significantly less bleeding complications. The major disadvantages of the traditional agents were the narrow therapeutic window with serious drug and food interactions and the need for regular blood monitoring. Coagulation factors IIa and Xa have proved the most attractive pharmacologic targets due to their key role in the coagulation process and the opportunity of blocking thrombin generation before the level of thrombin production that results in amplification of the anticoagulant effect while preserving some of thrombin hemostatic effect.