Between seas and continents: aspects of the scientific career of Hermann von Ihering, 1850-1930.

This paper covers some periods in Hermann von Ihering's scientific trajectory: his training in zoology in Germany and Naples, his international activities based in Brazil, and his return to Germany. It deals with aspects of the formulation of his theories on land bridges. It focuses on the network of contacts he maintained with German émigrés like himself, and primarily with Florentino Ameghino, which allowed him to interact in international scientific circles.

[Prominence in the media, renown in the sciences: the construction of a paradigmatic feminist and a scientist at Rio de Janeiro's Museu Nacional].

Bertha Lutz was one of the women of her generation who enjoyed indisputable political and scientific authority. She wrote much and even more was written about her, especially during her day. The newspaper chronicles by Lima Barreto, countless letters, scientific papers, and unpublished texts by Bertha herself that are surveyed in this article indicate how much her feminism--inseparable from other dimensions of her life--fostered her professional career.

['Scenes from deep times': bones, travels, and memories in the cultures of nature in Brazil].

This article examines the different roles played by field and non-field naturalists in constructing cultures of nature and in the dispute to construct scientific careers in the nineteenth century. Based on the concept of "threshold experience," it looks at little-explored aspects of Peter Wilhelm Lund's paleontological work (1801-1880) [corrected] in Brazil and its international impact.

[The sciences and education in museums at the close of the nineteenth century].

In the closing decades of the nineteenth century, natural history museums established solid communication networks, and their different audiences formed what became known as the 'museum movement'. It was within this context of exchange that William H. Flower made his 1889 speech on the roles natural history museums should play.