Considering SOD and miRNA analysis as potential prognostic markers in white lesion malignant transformation: A report of two cases.

Rationale: Predictive biomarkers can be effective in the identification of the oral leukoplakia with an increased probability of malignant transformation.

Patients Concerns: A 63-year-old patient presents with persistent burning sensations throughout the oral cavity, accompanied by a white lesion on the tongue. Additionally, a 57-year-old patient with multiple white lesions in the oral cavity.

Expression of individual members of the TGF-β/SMAD signalling pathway in the progression and survival of patients with colorectal carcinoma.

Current knowledge of tumor biology offers many "targets" for therapeutic intervention. The molecular basis of many processes that play a role in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer has been identified. One part of colorectal cancer clinical trials is focused on testing substances in a group of patients with tumors in which the TGF-β signalling pathway is hyperactivated.

Enhancing endometrial cancer detection: Blood serum intrinsic fluorescence data processing and machine learning application.

Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most prevalent cancer within the female reproductive system in developed countries. Despite its high incidence, there is currently no established laboratory screening test for EC, making early detection challenging. This study introduces an innovative, minimally invasive, and cost-effective method utilizing three-dimensional fluorescence analysis combined with machine learning algorithms to enhance early EC detection.

Non-Invasive Endometrial Cancer Screening through Urinary Fluorescent Metabolome Profile Monitoring and Machine Learning Algorithms.

Endometrial cancer is becoming increasingly common, highlighting the need for improved diagnostic methods that are both effective and non-invasive. This study investigates the use of urinary fluorescence spectroscopy as a potential diagnostic tool for endometrial cancer. Urine samples were collected from endometrial cancer patients ( = 77), patients with benign uterine tumors ( = 23), and control gynecological patients attending regular checkups or follow-ups ( = 96).

A Multi-Biomarker Approach to Increase the Accuracy of Diagnosis and Management of Coronary Artery Disease.

Non-invasive possibilities of predicting cardiovascular risk and monitoring the treatment and progression of coronary artery disease (CAD) are important subjects of cardiovascular research. Various inflammatory markers have been identified as potential biomarkers of CAD, including interleukin-6 (IL-6), lipocalin-2 (LCN-2), growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15), and T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-3 (TIM-3). This research aims to identify their utility in the investigation of CAD severity and progression.

The Pivotal Role of the Key Angiogenic Factors in the Development of Endometrioid Pathologies of the Uterus and Ovary.

A characteristic feature of uterine pathologies is a specific change in cell metabolism, which predominantly manifests as a shift in the need for nutrients, thereby directing cells to engage in different angiogenic marker activities. Angiogenesis is one of the main signals supporting the survival and development of cells and tissues not only under physiological conditions. Therefore, it is necessary that we understand pathological hyperactivation in all uterine diseases, from endometriosis through ovarian endometrioid adenocarcinoma to malignant transformed cells of the uterine epithelium and body.

The ability of microRNAs to regulate the immune response in ischemia/reperfusion inflammatory pathways.

MicroRNAs play a crucial role in regulating the immune responses induced by ischemia/reperfusion injury. Through their ability to modulate gene expression, microRNAs adjust immune responses by targeting specific genes and signaling pathways. This review focuses on the impact of microRNAs on the inflammatory pathways triggered during ischemia/reperfusion injury and highlights their ability to modulate inflammation, playing a critical role in the pathophysiology of ischemia/reperfusion injury.

p.L1795F LRRK2 variant is a common cause of Parkinson's disease in Central Europe.

Pathogenic variants in are one of the most common genetic risk factors for Parkinson's disease (PD). Recently, the lesser-known p.L1795F variant was proposed as a strong genetic risk factor for PD, however, further families are currently lacking in literature.

Serum trace element levels and activity of enzymes associated with oxidative stress in endometriosis and endometrial cancer.

Endometriosis and endometrial cancer are closely related to oxidative stress. However, the direct relationship between copper and zinc levels and oxidative stress in the extracellular and intracellular space remains unclear. The presented study is focused on the determination of serum Zn and Cu levels, glutathione concentration and enzyme activity in three groups: patients diagnosed with endometrial cancer (EC), patients diagnosed with endometriosis (EM), and a healthy control group.

Stage-Dependent Levels of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 in the Prognosis of Colorectal Cancer.

Purpose: The development of sensitive and non-invasive biomarkers for the early detection of CRC and determination of their role in the individual stages of CRC.

Methods: MMP-9 expression in serum and tissue, and BDNF expression in plasma were detected using the ELISA method. MMP-9 and BDNF in the tissue were also determined by immunohistochemical staining.

Visualization of the composition of the urinary fluorescent metabolome. Why is it important to consider initial urine concentration?

Urine is a highly complex fluorescent system, the fluorescence of which can be affected by many factors, including the often-ignored initial urine concentration in comprehensive fluorescent urine analysis. In this study, a total urine fluorescent metabolome profile (uTFMP) was created as a three-dimensional fluorescence profile of serial synchronous spectra of urine diluted by geometric progression. uTFMP was generated using software designed for this purpose after recalculating the 3D data concerning the initial urine concentration.

Small Non-Coding RNAs as New Biomarkers to Evaluate the Quality of the Embryo in the IVF Process.

The increased interest in assisted reproduction through in vitro fertilization (IVF) leads to an urgent need to identify biomarkers that reliably highly predict the success of pregnancy. Despite advances in diagnostics, treatment, and IVF approaches, the 30% success rate of IVF seems insurmountable. Idiopathic infertility does not have any explanation for IVF failure especially when a patient is treated with a healthy competitive embryo capable of implantation and development.

Tryptophan: Its Metabolism along the Kynurenine, Serotonin, and Indole Pathway in Malignant Melanoma.

(1) Background: Tryptophan metabolism is known to be one of the important mechanisms used by cancer to evade immune surveillance. Altered tryptophan metabolism was studied in patients with pigmented malignant melanoma confirmed histologically by the anatomic stage grouping for cutaneous melanoma using clinical staging on the basis of the Breslow thickness of the melanoma, the degree of spread to regional lymph nodes, and by the presence of distant metastasis. (2) Methods: Urinary tryptophan metabolites were detected by RP-HPLC method.

Derivative Three-Dimensional Synchronous Fluorescence Analysis of Tear Fluid and Their Processing for the Diagnosis of Glaucoma.

Background: Sensitive and rapid diagnosis of the early stages of glaucoma from tear fluid is a great challenge for researchers.

Methods: Tear fluid was analyzed using three-dimensional synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy (3D-SFS). Our previously published results briefly describe the main methods which applied the second derivative to a selected synchronous spectrum Δλ = 110 nm in distinguishing between healthy subjects (CTRL) and patients with glaucoma (POAG).

Successful correction of hyperglycemia is critical for weight loss and a decrease in cardiovascular risk in obese patients.

Weight loss is recommended for obese patients with cardiovascular risk; however, it remains questionable how hyperglycemia affects this process. To address this problem, we aimed to determine the association between weight loss, lipid profile, and body mass parameters in obese normoglycemic and hyperglycemic patients. Obese (body mass index30 kg/m) normoglycemic and hyperglycemic volunteers were placed on a weight reduction program that included a balanced, low-calorie diet and moderate exercise for 6 months.

The Effect of Oestrogen Supplementation on Antioxidant Enzymes and Mitochondrial Respiratory Function After Myocardial Infarction of Ovariectomized Rats.

Acute myocardial infarction (MI) is the leading cause of mortality worldwide with premenopausal women showing a lower incidence of cardiovascular disease compared with men of the same age. After menopause, this advantage disappears, suggesting that sex hormones play a cardioprotective role. This study was aimed to assess on the activity of antioxidant enzymes in plasma and the respiratory function of isolated heart mitochondria after the induction of MI in rats after ovariectomy and estradiol benzoate supplementation.

Zinc(II) niflumato complex effects on MMP activity and gene expression in human endometrial cell lines.

Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory disease which increasingly affects young women under 35 years of age and leads to subfertility even infertility. Analysis of the cytotoxic effect of zinc(II) niflumato complex with neocuproine ([Zn(neo)(nif)] or Zn-Nif) on immortalized human endometriotic cell line (12Z) and on control immortalized human endometrial stromal cell line (hTERT) was performed using xCELLigence technology for approximately 72 h following the treatment with Zn-Nif as well as cell viability Trypan Blue Assay. 12Z cell line proliferated more slowly compared to unaffected cells, whereas hTERT cells did not show similar behavior after treatment.

Selected In Situ Hybridization Methods: Principles and Application.

We are experiencing rapid progress in all types of imaging techniques used in the detection of various numbers and types of mutation. In situ hybridization (ISH) is the primary technique for the discovery of mutation agents, which are presented in a variety of cells. The ability of DNA to complementary bind is one of the main principles in every method used in ISH.

The role of physical activity and miRNAs in the vascular aging and cardiac health of dialysis patients.

Cardiovascular comorbidities are independent risk factors for mortality in dialysis patients. MicroRNA signaling has an important role in vascular aging and cardiac health, while physical activity is a primary nonpharmacologic treatment for cardiovascular comorbidities in dialysis patients. To identify the relationships between muscle function, miRNA signaling pathways, the presence of vascular calcifications and the severity of cardiovascular comorbidities, we initially enrolled 90 subjects on hemodialysis therapy and collected complete data from 46 subjects.

Effect of hypoxia factors gene silencing on ROS production and metabolic status of A375 malignant melanoma cells.

The innate response of melanocytes to exogenous or endogenous stress stimuli like extreme pH and temperature, metabolite and oxygen deficiency or a high UV dose initiates a cellular stress response. This process activates adaptive processes to minimize the negative impact of the stressor on the pigment cell. Under physiological conditions, a non-cancer cell is directed to apoptosis if the stressor persists.

Strong Dependence between Tryptophan-Related Fluorescence of Urine and Malignant Melanoma.

Urine autofluorescence at 295 nm is significantly higher in patients with malignant melanoma at each clinical stage compared to the healthy group. The largest difference is in the early-stages and without metastases. With increasing stage, the autofluorescence at 295 nm decreases.

Development of novel parameter for monitoring of malignant melanoma progression.

Objective: Increasing HIFs in malignant melanoma, the highly aggressive skin tumour, results in the stimulation of invasiveness. Increased HIF-1α fallouts in inhibition of the activity of some mitochondrial enzymes and leads to preference of cytosol energetic metabolism. Increase of aerobic glycolysis is reflected in an increase of free NADH (Warburg effect) and develops the malignant melanoma.

Roma Ethnicity and Sex-Specific Associations of Serum Uric Acid with Cardiometabolic and Hepatorenal Health Factors in Eastern Slovakian Population: The HepaMeta Study.

Health characteristics associated with uric acid (UA) in the Roma minority remain less well known. The study sought to determine the ethnicity- and sex-specific associations of serum UA with health factors in Eastern Slovakian Roma and non-Roma populations. Data from the comparative cross-sectional HepaMeta study conducted in Slovakia in 2011 were used.