Updates on the conversion of nanosuspensions to solid oral dosage forms.

Pharmaceutical nanosuspensions, also called nanocrystals, are heterogeneous mainly aqueous dispersions of insoluble drug particles stabilised by surfactants and/or polymers. Nanosuspensions as liquid formulations suffer from instability. Solidification of nanosuspensions to solid dosage forms is a way to combine the advantages of nanocrystals with the advantages of the solid state.

Current State and New Horizons in Applications of Physiologically Based Biopharmaceutics Modeling (PBBM): A Workshop Report.

This report summarizes the proceedings for Day 3 of the workshop titled "". This day focused on the current and future drug product quality applications of PBBM from the innovator and generic industries as well as the regulatory agencies perspectives. The presentations, which included several case studies, covered the applications of PBBM in generic drug product development, applications of virtual bioequivalence trials to support formulation bridging and the utility of absorption modeling in clinical pharmacology assessments.

Evaluation of mathematical models for predicting medicine distribution into breastmilk - considering biological heterogeneity.

Introduction: A significant proportion of mothers take medication during the breastfeeding period, however knowledge of infant safety during continued breastfeeding is often limited. Breastmilk exhibits significant physiological heterogeneity, with a range of milk fat (creamatocrit), protein and pH values available within the literature. Mathematical models for the prediction of infant exposure are available and these predict that variable milk physiology will significantly affect accumulation of drugs within the breastmilk.

PBBM Considerations for Base Models, Model Validation, and Application Steps: Workshop Summary Report.

The proceedings from the 30th August 2023 (Day 2) of the workshop "Physiologically Based Biopharmaceutics Models (PBBM) Best Practices for Drug Product Quality: Regulatory and Industry Perspectives" are provided herein. Day 2 covered PBBM case studies from six regulatory authorities which provided considerations for model verification, validation, and application based on the context of use (COU) of the model. PBBM case studies to define critical material attribute (CMA) specification settings, such as active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) particle size distributions (PSDs) were shared.

Parameterization of Physiologically Based Biopharmaceutics Models: Workshop Summary Report.

This Article shares the proceedings from the August 29th, 2023 (day 1) workshop "Physiologically Based Biopharmaceutics Modeling (PBBM) Best Practices for Drug Product Quality: Regulatory and Industry Perspectives". The focus of the day was on model parametrization; regulatory authorities from Canada, the USA, Sweden, Belgium, and Norway presented their views on PBBM case studies submitted by industry members of the IQ consortium. The presentations shared key questions raised by regulators during the mock exercise, regarding the PBBM input parameters and their justification.

Physiologically Based Biopharmaceutics Modeling (PBBM): Best Practices for Drug Product Quality, Regulatory and Industry Perspectives: 2023 Workshop Summary Report.

Physiologically based biopharmaceutics modeling (PBBM) is used to elevate drug product quality by providing a more accurate and holistic understanding of how drugs interact with the human body. These models are based on the integration of physiological, pharmacological, and pharmaceutical data to simulate and predict drug behavior in vivo. Effective utilization of PBBM requires a consistent approach to model development, verification, validation, and application.

Pharmaceutical Cocrystals: New Solid Phase Modification Approaches for the Formulation of APIs.

Cocrystals can be used as an alternative approach based on crystal engineering to enhance specific physicochemical and biopharmaceutical properties of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) when the approaches to salt or polymorph formation do not meet the expected targets. In this article, an overview of pharmaceutical cocrystals will be presented, with an emphasis on the intermolecular interactions in cocrystals and the methods for their preparation. Furthermore, cocrystals of direct pharmaceutical interest, along with their in vitro properties and available in vivo data and characterization techniques are discussed, highlighting the potential of cocrystals as an attractive route for drug development.

Pharmaceutical nanocrystals: production by wet milling and applications.

Nanocrystals are regarded as an important nanoformulation approach exhibiting advantages of increased dissolution and saturation solubility with chemical stability and low toxicity. Nanocrystals are produced in the form of nanosuspensions using top-down (e.g.

Jet dispensing of multi-layered films for the co-delivery of three antihypertensive agents.

Three-layer thin films comprising of two polymers as substrate (ethyl cellulose and, copovidone K28) and three antihypertensive agents (hydrochlorothiazide, amiloride HCl, and carvedilol) were printed using jet dispensing technology. Two film formulations with different ethyl cellulose to copovidone K28 ratio (i.e.

Experimental cocrystal screening and solution based scale-up cocrystallization methods.

Cocrystals are crystalline single phase materials composed of two or more different molecular and/or ionic compounds generally in a stoichiometric ratio which are neither solvates nor simple salts. If one of the components is an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API), the term pharmaceutical cocrystal is often used. There is a growing interest among drug development scientists in exploring cocrystals, as means to address physicochemical, biopharmaceutical and mechanical properties and expand solid form diversity of the API.

Preparation of theophylline inhalable microcomposite particles by wet milling and spray drying: The influence of mannitol as a co-milling agent.

Inhalable theophylline particles with various amounts of mannitol were prepared by combining wet milling in isopropanol followed by spray drying. The effect of mannitol as a co-milling agent on the micromeritic properties, solid state and aerosol performance of the engineered particles was investigated. Crystal morphology modelling and geometric lattice matching calculations were employed to gain insight into the intermolecular interactions that may influence the mechanical properties of theophylline and mannitol.

Solidification of nanosuspensions for the production of solid oral dosage forms and inhalable dry powders.

Introduction: Nanosuspensions combine the advantages of nanotherapeutics (e.g. increased dissolution rate and saturation solubility) with ease of commercialisation.

Nanoparticle agglomerates of indomethacin: The role of poloxamers and matrix former on their dissolution and aerosolisation efficiency.

Nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared and assembled to microsized agglomerates with and without matrix formers (mannitol and L-leucine) by coupling wet milling and spray drying to harmonise the advantages of NPs with handling and aerodynamics of microparticles without induction of amorphisation. Indomethacin was selected as poorly water-soluble drug and poloxamers with different ratios of hydrophilic to hydrophobic domains were evaluated as stabilisers comparatively to D-α-Tocopherol polyethylene-glycol succinate (TPGS). Particle size of nanosuspensions and morphology, size, crystal form, drug loading, redispersibility, in vitro dissolution, and in vitro aerosolisation of NP-agglomerates were determined.