Diagnosis and management of non-dialysis chronic kidney disease in ambulatory care: a systematic review of clinical practice guidelines.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is age-dependent and has a high prevalence in the general population. Most patients are managed in ambulatory care. This systematic review provides an updated overview of quality and content of international clinical practice guidelines for diagnosis and management of non-dialysis CKD relevant to patients in ambulatory care.

[Drug Prescribing for Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease in General Practice: a Cross-Sectional Study].

Background: Many drugs require dose adjustment or are contraindicated in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) to avoid adverse events. The aims of this study were to assess if medication was appropriately dose adjusted in patients with CKD in primary care, to identify medications that were frequently prescribed inappropriately and to identify factors predicting mal-prescription.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional observational study in 34 general practioners' offices, assessing the medication of patients with CKD stage ≥ 3 according to the corresponding pharmaceutical product information.