Strikingly low prevalence of pituitary incidentalomas in a teaching hospital in Uruguay.

Background: Pituitary incidentalomas are an occurrence documented in 10.6% of post-mortem examinations, 4%-20% of computed tomography (CT) scans, and 10%-38% of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) cases, primarily consisting of microincidentalomas (<1 cm in size). However, the prevalence of pituitary incidentalomas in Uruguay remains unexplored.

Acute Sheehan's Syndrome Presenting with Hyponatremia Followed by a Spontaneous Pregnancy.

Background: Acute Sheehan's syndrome is rare, as well as hyponatremia as its initial manifestation. In addition, spontaneous pregnancy in patients after Sheehan's syndrome is unusual. To our knowledge, no cases of spontaneous pregnancy after acute Sheehan's syndrome have been reported.

F-fallypride and C-methionine positron emission tomography/computed tomography for the study of prolactinomas and nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas: A case series.

Some studies have assessed the expression of dopaminergic dopamine 2 (D2)/3 receptors in prolactinomas and nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (NFPA) by positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) with C-raclopride, proving that this modality can be useful to predict the response to treatment with dopamine agonists. However, the use of C-labeled radiotracers is limited, as it requires a cyclotron in the PET center. F-fallypride is a radiotracer that has proven useful in assessing the expression of D2/3 receptors.

Pituitary Society Delphi Survey: An international perspective on endocrine management of patients undergoing transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary adenomas.

Purpose: In adults and children, transsphenoidal surgery (TSS) represents the cornerstone of management for most large or functioning sellar lesions with the exception of prolactinomas. Endocrine evaluation and management are an essential part of perioperative care. However, the details of endocrine assessment and care are not universally agreed upon.

Excessive Maternal Weight and Diabetes Are Risk Factors for Macrosomia: A Cross-Sectional Study of 42,663 Pregnancies in Uruguay.

Objective: To evaluate the risk of macrosomia in newborns from women with gestational diabetes, pregestational diabetes, overweight, and obesity in Uruguay in 2012, as well as its association with prolonged pregnancy, maternal age, multiparity, and excessive gestational weight gain (EGWG).

Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study of 42,663 pregnant women. The risk of macrosomia was studied using logistic regression.

Pituitary society guidance: pituitary disease management and patient care recommendations during the COVID-19 pandemic-an international perspective.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the viral strain that has caused the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, has presented healthcare systems around the world with an unprecedented challenge. In locations with significant rates of viral transmission, social distancing measures and enforced 'lockdowns' are the new 'norm' as governments try to prevent healthcare services from being overwhelmed. However, with these measures have come important challenges for the delivery of existing services for other diseases and conditions.

Factitious Cushing's Syndrome: A Diagnosis to Consider When Evaluating Hypercortisolism.

Factitious Cushing's syndrome is exceptionally rare. The diagnosis is challenging due to the interference of exogenous corticosteroids with cortisol immunoassays. We present a case of a 26 year old female that presented with clinical and biochemical features of Cushing's syndrome.

Chronic cluster-like headache in a patient with a macroprolactinoma presenting with falsely low prolactin levels: bromocriptine versus cabergoline?

Cluster-like headache may be associated with pituitary tumors, mostly prolactinomas. Pituitary imaging and prolactin measurement should be assessed in patients presenting with cluster-like headaches with atypical features or unsatisfactory response to treatment. Furthermore, large pituitary adenomas with moderate increase in prolactin levels should prompt prolactin dilutions to avoid "hook effect".

Brain and Optic Chiasm Herniation into Sella after Pituitary Tumor Apoplexy.

Brain and optic chiasm herniation has been rarely reported following dopamine agonist treatment for large prolactinomas. We report a case of brain and optical chiasm herniation, secondary to an empty sella due to apoplexy of a prolactinoma, and we focus on the specific presentation of this case. A 32-year-old female presented to a neurologist complaining of headaches.

Spontaneous reossification of the sella in transsphenoidal reoperation associated with strontium ranelate.

Unlabelled: Spontaneous reossification of the sellar floor after transsphenoidal surgery has been rarely reported. Strontium ranelate, a divalent strontium salt, has been shown to increase bone formation, increasing osteoblast activity. We describe an unusual case of a young patient with Cushing's disease who was treated with strontium ranelate for low bone mass who experienced spontaneous sellar reossification after transsphenoidal surgery.

Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma Arising Within a Mature Ovarian Teratoma: Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Mature cystic teratoma is the most common kind of ovarian germ cell tumor. Malignant transformation is uncommon, with thyroid cancer rarely found. Papillary thyroid microcarcinoma has rarely been described as associated with ovarian teratomas.

Reduction of false-negative results in inferior petrosal sinus sampling with simultaneous prolactin and corticotropin measurement.

Objective: To investigate the value of prolactin as an independent marker of catheter placement to improve the diagnostic accuracy of inferior petrosal sinus sampling (IPSS) in patients with corticotropin-dependent Cushing syndrome.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, we reviewed hospital records of patients who underwent IPSS procedures at the Cleveland Clinic between 1997 and 2009. Serum prolactin and plasma corticotropin levels were measured prospectively in peripheral and inferior petrosal sinus (IPS) samples.

Poor correlation of serum alpha-subunit concentration and magnetic resonance imaging following pituitary surgery in patients with nonfunctional pituitary macroadenomas.

Objective: To review the clinical utility of measuring serum alpha-subunit as a marker for residual tumor in a group of patients with surgically resected nonfunctional pituitary adenomas.

Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional chart review using the pituitary database at the Cleveland Clinic, we identified patients with nonfunctional pituitary macroadenomas over a 4-year period (2000-2004) and selected those patients who had an elevated alpha-subunit concentration measured before pituitary surgery. Presurgery and post-surgery measurements of alpha-subunit, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and thyroid-stimulating hormone were documented.

Giant invasive pituitary prolactinoma with falsely low serum prolactin: the significance of 'hook effect'.

The authors report a case of a patient with giant, invasive skull base tumor extending to the parasellar area discovered incidentally during the work-up for decreased memory. The patient's neurological exam was otherwise unremarkable. Endocrine evaluation performed at a local hospital showed a moderate hyperprolactinemia 103 ng/ml (normal up to 20 ng/ml).