Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Evolution of Prevalence and Patterns of Cannabis Use among First-Year University Students in Spain-UniHcos Project.

Among university students there has been evidence that the COVID-19 pandemic increased their psychological distress, exacerbated by social restrictions. The main objective of this study was to explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the prevalence and patterns of cannabis use among university students, in contrast to previous trends since 2012. Data from 10,522 first-year university students (73.

Developing a simple and practical decision model to predict the risk of incident type 2 diabetes among the general population: The Di@bet.es Study.

Aims: To develop a simple multivariate predictor model of incident type 2 diabetes in general population.

Methods: Participants were recruited from the Spanish Di@bet.es cohort study with 2570 subjects meeting all criteria to be included in the at-risk sample studied here.

Suspected-screening assessment of the occurrence of organic compounds in sewage sludge.

The profiling of emerging organic pollutants present in sludge and generated during wastewater treatment is much more limited than in water. This is mainly due to the difficulty of sludge analysis because of its high content of organic matter and interfering compounds. In this study, a generic extraction method using a mixture of buffered water (pH 4.

Biological and prognostic differences between symptomatic colorectal carcinomas and those detected by screening.

Introduction: Few studies have been conducted to establish the relationship between colorectal cancer screening programmes and survival adjusting by stage and, to determine whether there are differences, at a biological level, between the tumours of asymptomatic and symptomatic patients. Accordingly, the aim of this study is to evaluate clinical, biological and survival differences between symptomatic colorectal tumours and those detected by screening.

Study Method: A prospective cohort study was performed of patients subjected to surgical intervention during the period 2010-2012, at different hospitals in Spain.

Clinical-pathological characteristics and short-term follow-up associated with proliferation, apoptosis and angiogenesis in a prospective cohort of patients with colorectal tumours.

We investigate the clinical and pathological features related to variations in colorectal tumour apoptosis, proliferation and angiogenesis and the influence of the latter in short-term mortality (2 years); 551 tumour samples from a prospective cohort of patients with colorectal cancer were examined and tumour biology markers were determined as follows: percentage of apoptotic cells, by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) dUTP Nick-End Labeling technique; Ki-67 antigen, as a cell proliferation marker and density of microvessels (as a marker of angiogenesis). An increase in the percentage of cellular apoptosis is significantly related to the presence of poorly differentiated tumours, with vascular invasion (p < 0.001).

Vertigo and dizziness in hospital: Attendance, flow and characteristics of patients.

Introduction And Objectives: Vertigo and dizziness as symptoms are frequent in the population. They are present in a wide range of pathologies and it is usually difficult to make an accurate diagnosis. The general objective of this study is to obtain the information to evaluate vertigo and dizziness in the hospital setting.

Factors that influence treatment delay in patients with colorectal cancer.

A prospective study was performed of patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer (CRC), distinguishing between colonic and rectal location, to determine the factors that may provoke a delay in the first treatment (DFT) provided.2749 patients diagnosed with CRC were studied. The study population was recruited between June 2010 and December 2012.

Study on the Linezolid Prescription According to the Approval of Indication in a University Hospital.

Indications for linezolid use are nosocomial or community-acquired pneumonia and skin infections or soft tissue infection caused by gram-positive microorganisms, but new recommendations may emerge. It is important to balance benefits with risks because severe adverse events have been described in patients taking linezolid treatment. Accordingly, we evaluated the suitability of linezolid prescription according to approval of indication by evaluating the presence of drug-related problems (DRP) in a University hospital.

Vitamin D status and hypercholesterolemia in Spanish general population.

Low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels have been associated with increased prevalence of cardiovascular diseases. A possible relation between lipids and 25(OH)D might explain this association. This investigation aimed to determine the association between vitamin D and cholesterol, as well as the influence of statins on this association.

Relationship between the level of physical activity and markers of cardiovascular health in Valencian adolescents (Spain).

Introduction: A sedentary lifestyle is not only a major cardiovascular risk factor from an early age, it also contributes to the development of other cardiovascular risk factors. The objective of this study was to determine the level of physical activity and relate it to cardiovascular risk markers in Valencian adolescents according to their anthropometric characteristics and gender.

Population And Methods: The following variables were assessed in a randomized sample of 583 Valencian adolescents (Spain) aged 12-18 years: level of physical activity, using a validated questionnaire; weight, height and waist circumference; aerobic capacity, using the multi-stage ftness test (Course-Navette test); and muscle strength, using a manual dynamometry.

Occupational exposure to chlorinated and petroleum solvents and mycosis fungoides.

Objective: To evaluate the potential association between occupational exposure to chlorinated and petroleum solvents and mycosis fungoides (MF).

Methods: A questionnaire on lifetime job history was administered to 100 patients diagnosed with MF and 2846 controls. Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated as the measure of the association between exposure to each specific solvent and MF.

Interaction of cerebrovascular disease and contralateral carotid occlusion in prediction of shunt insertion during carotid endarterectomy.

Introduction: To assess the possible role and the interaction of cerebrovascular disease and vascular stenosis on the necessity of shunt insertion during carotid endarterectomy (CEA).

Material And Methods: Eighty consecutive patients undergoing CEA under regional anaesthesia were prospectively enrolled. Patients were divided into two groups depending on whether they were shunted or not.

Static posturography with dynamic tests. Usefulness of biomechanical parameters in assessing vestibular patients.

Introduction And Objective: Posturography allows evaluating postural control. This study showed the posturographic parameters that were useful for assessing the functional ability to maintain balance in our sample of vestibular patients.

Material And Methods: Of a total of 89 patients, 59 were healthy subjects and 30 had a peripheral vestibular disorder.

Inefficient arterial hypertension control in patients with metabolic syndrome and its link to renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system polymorphisms.

There is evidence that uncontrolled arterial hypertension (AHT) in patients with metabolic syndrome (MS) increases cardiovascular risks. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) and its polymorphisms apparently confer a genetic risk for uncontrolled AHT. This study aims to investigate the influence of RAAS polymorphisms on AHT control in patients diagnosed with MS.

[Myringoplasties. A retrospective analysis of our surgical outcomes].

Objective: The aim of this study was to present, myringoplasty case results in our department. Different factors were studied to confirm their prognostic value.

Materials And Methods: A total of 126 myringoplasties from 2006 until 2010 were reviewed, collecting patient-related details, descriptions of the anatomical defect and the most interesting surgical aspects.

Parental occupational exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals and male genital malformations: a study in the Danish National Birth Cohort study.

Background: Sex hormones closely regulate development of the male genital organs during fetal life. The hypothesis that xenobiotics may disrupt endogenous hormonal signalling has received considerable scientific attention, but human evidence is scarce.

Objectives: We analyse occurrence of hypospadias and cryptorchidism according to maternal and paternal occupational exposure to possible endocrine disrupting chemicals.

Hyperhomocysteinemia and the methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase C677T mutation in splanchnic vein thrombosis.

Introduction: The role that hyperhomocysteinemia (HH) and the C677T mutation in 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) play in splanchnic vein thrombosis (SVT) remains unclear due to this unusual thrombotic location.

Objective: To analyse the possible association of HH with the C677T mutation in the MTHFR gene in SVT.

Material And Methods: We determined homocysteine levels and the C677T MTHFR mutation, along with classical cardiovascular risk factors, in 48 patients with SVT (18 Budd-Chiari syndrome, 11 mesenteric vein thrombosis, 19 portal vein thrombosis) and 84 controls.

Association between AT C573T polymorphism and cardiovascular risk factors in myocardial infarction.

Background: Polymorphisms in the AT1 gene have been associated with various parameters related to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases and to myocardial infarction. This study analyzed the relationship between two polymorphisms of the angiotensin II AT-1 receptor gene (AT1_1166 and AT1_573) and the risk of ischemic heart disease by studying their association with several cardiovascular risk factors.

Methods: The sample population comprised 356 subjects: 174 patients who had survived myocardial infarction (61.

How ineffective hypertension control in subjects treated with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors is related to polymorphisms in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.

Purpose: To investigate how genetic polymorphisms of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) influence hypertension (HT) control with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor drugs (ACEI).

Methods: A case-control, cross-sectional population-based nested study (n=1514) included hypertensive patients treated with ACEI drugs, either alone or with other antihypertensive drugs. We differentiated between those who did not control their HT (cases) with those who did (controls).

Bispectral index variations in patients with neurological deficits during awake carotid endarterectomy.

Background And Objective: The bispectral index (BIS) is derived from the EEG and therefore may be useful to diagnose intraoperative cerebral ischaemia. This study was undertaken to investigate BIS changes in awake patients with and without neurological deficits during carotid endarterectomy under regional anaesthesia.

Methods: Seventy consecutive carotid endarterectomies under regional anaesthesia were divided into two surgical groups: patients with and patients without neurological deficits.

Hospital work and pregnancy outcomes: a study in the Danish National Birth Cohort.

In hospitals, women of reproductive age do a range of work tasks, some of which are known to carry potential risks. Tasks such as working with radiation, chemicals, and infectious agents, as well as performing heavy lifting or tasks requiring erratic sleep patterns have been reported to increase the risk of reproductive failures. Our aim was to study pregnancy outcomes in female hospital workers in Denmark.

Socio-occupational status and congenital anomalies.

Background: The aim of this study is to investigate the association between socio-occupational status and the frequency of major congenital anomalies in offspring.

Methods: The study population comprised 81,435 live singletons born to mothers enrolled in the Danish National Birth Cohort between 1996 and 2002. A total of 3352 cases of major congenital anomalies (EUROCAT criteria) were identified by linkage to the National Hospital Discharge Register.